High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes
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High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1998-02-09
High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02-09 with Science categories.
Volume 48in the Semiconductors and Semimetals series discusses the physics and chemistry of electronic materials, a subject of growing practical importance in the semiconductor devices industry. The contributors discuss the current state of knowledge and provide insight into future developments of this important field.
Introduction To Light Emitting Diode Technology And Applications
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Author : Gilbert Held
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-19
Introduction To Light Emitting Diode Technology And Applications written by Gilbert Held and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Computers categories.
Recent improvements in LED technology have made them as ubiquitous as cell phones. In fact, LEDs light up almost all cell phones screens. The technology's myriad applications and low energy use have made it nearly impossible to get through daily chores without coming in contact with LEDs. Probable advances include increased ability of the technology to support more efficient lighting and enhanced communications. With balanced coverage of the basics and future developments, Introduction to Light Emitting Diode Technology and Applications takes you on a tour of the LED evolution. The book begins with a brief history of the effort to enable the device that generates light through modern organic LEDs and reviews the fundamentals and principles of light prior to a detailed explanation of how LEDs generate different colors. After forming this basic foundation, the book examines the key LEDs in lighting and communications. It then discusses the latest opportunities and advancements in high brightness (HB) LED technology, solid state lighting, and handheld electronic applications. As we approach a new decade the role of LEDs is literally set to explode, with organic light emitting diodes emerging as a leading next generation technology for electronic displays and lighting. Challenges still exist, including light extraction, luminosity, and white light generation, not to mention non-technical obstacles such as IP disputes and the lack of standards. This book provides a foundation for resolving these issues and developing new applications for LEDs in the promising general illumination market.
Fundamentals Of Solid State Lighting
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Author : Vinod Kumar Khanna
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-06-03
Fundamentals Of Solid State Lighting written by Vinod Kumar Khanna and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Compared to traditional electrical filaments, arc lamps, and fluorescent lamps, solid-state lighting offers higher efficiency, reliability, and environmentally friendly technology. LED / solid-state lighting is poised to take over conventional lighting due to cost savings—there is pretty much no debate about this. In response to the recent activity in this field, Fundamentals of Solid-State Lighting: LEDs, OLEDs, and Their Applications in Illumination and Displays covers a range of solid-state devices, technologies, and materials used for lighting and displays. It also examines auxiliary but critical requirements of efficient applications, such as modeling, thermal management, reliability, and smart lighting. The book discusses performance metrics of LEDs such as efficiency, efficacy, current–voltage characteristics, optical parameters like spectral distribution, color temperature, and beam angle before moving on to luminescence theory, injection luminescence, radiative and non-radiative recombination mechanisms, recombination rates, carrier lifetimes, and related topics. This lays down the groundwork for understanding LED operation. The book then discusses energy gaps, light emission, semiconductor material, special equipment, and laboratory facilities. It also covers production and applications of high-brightness LEDs (HBLEDs) and organic LEDs (OLEDs). LEDs represent the landmark development in lighting since the invention of electric lighting, allowing us to create unique, low-energy lighting solutions, not to talk about their minor maintenance expenses. The rapid strides of LED lighting technology over the last few years have changed the dynamics of the global lighting market, and LEDs are expected to be the mainstream light source in the near future. In a nutshell, the book traces the advances in LEDs, OLEDs, and their applications, and presents an up-to-date and analytical perspective of the scenario for audiences of different backgrounds and interests.
Introduction To Solid State Lighting
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Author : Artūras Žukauskas
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 2002-04-18
Introduction To Solid State Lighting written by Artūras Žukauskas and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A thorough reference that sheds light on the promising field of solid-state lighting Solid-state lighting is a rapidly emerging field. Light Emitting Diodes are already used in traffic signals, signage/contour lighting, large area displays, and automotive applications. But its greatest future lies in the possibility of applying solid-state lamps to general lighting. Solid-state lighting promises to reduce energy consumption as much as fifty percent, cut down on carbon-dioxide emission, and even spur the development of a completely new lighting industry. Giving this important emerging field the attention it deserves, Introduction to Solid-State Lighting comprehensively covers: The history of lighting The characterization of visible light Conventional light sources LED basics Extraction of light from high-brightness LEDs White LED Applications of solid-state lamps
Light Emitting Diodes
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Author : E. Fred Schubert
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-05-15
Light Emitting Diodes written by E. Fred Schubert and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-15 with Science categories.
Table of contents
Light Emitting Diodes
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Author : E. Fred Schubert
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-06-08
Light Emitting Diodes written by E. Fred Schubert and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Revised and fully updated, the second edition of this graduate textbook offers a comprehensive explanation of the technology and physics of LEDs such as infrared, visible-spectrum, ultraviolet, and white LEDs made from III-V semiconductors. Elementary properties such as electrical and optical characteristics are reviewed, followed by the analysis of advanced device structures. With nine additional chapters, the treatment of LEDs has been vastly expanded, including new material on device packaging, reflectors, UV LEDs, III-V nitride materials, solid-state sources for illumination applications, and junction temperature. Radiative and non-radiative recombination dynamics, methods for improving light extraction, high-efficiency and high-power device designs, white-light emitters with wavelength-converting phosphor materials, optical reflectors, and spontaneous recombination in resonant-cavity structures are discussed in detail. With exercises, solutions, and illustrative examples, this textbook will be of interest to scientists and engineers working on LEDs and graduate students in electrical engineering, applied physics, and materials science.
Nitride Semiconductor Light Emitting Diodes Leds
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Author : Jian-Jang Huang
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2017-10-24
Nitride Semiconductor Light Emitting Diodes Leds written by Jian-Jang Huang and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nitride Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs): Materials, Technologies, and Applications, Second Edition reviews the fabrication, performance and applications of the technology, encompassing the state-of-the-art material and device development, along with considerations regarding nitride-based LED design. This updated edition is based on the latest research and advances, including two new chapters on LEDs for large displays and laser lighting. Chapters cover molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of nitride semiconductors, modern metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) techniques, the growth of nitride-based materials, and gallium nitride (GaN)-on-sapphire and GaN-on-silicon technologies for LEDs. Nanostructured, non-polar and semi-polar nitride-based LEDs, as well as phosphor-coated nitride LEDs, are also discussed. The book also addresses the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots. Further chapters discuss the development of LED encapsulation technology and fundamental efficiency droop issues in gallium indium nitride (GaInN) LEDs. It is a technical resource for academics, physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and those working in the lighting, consumer electronics, automotive, aviation, and communications sectors. Features new chapters on laser lighting, addressing the latest advances on this topic Reviews fabrication, performance, and applications of this technology that encompass the state-of-the-art material and device development Covers the performance of nitride LEDs, including photonic crystal LEDs, surface plasmon enhanced LEDs, color tuneable LEDs, and LEDs based on quantum wells and quantum dots Highlights applications of nitride LEDs, including liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, infra-red emitters, and automotive lighting Provides a comprehensive discussion of gallium nitride on both silicon and sapphire substrates
Led For Lighting Applications
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Author : Patrick Mottier
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-01-05
Led For Lighting Applications written by Patrick Mottier and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are no longer confined to use in commercial signage and have now moved firmly, and with unquestioned advantages, into the field of commercial and domestic lighting. This development was prompted in the late 1980s by the invention of the blue LED, a wavelength that had previously been missing from the available LED spectrum and which opened the way to providing white light. Since that point, LED performance (including energy efficiency) has improved dramatically, and now compares with the performance of fluorescent lights - and there remain further performance improvements yet to be delivered. The book begins with the principles of LED lighting, then focuses on issues and challenges. Chapters are devoted to key steps in LED manufacturing: substrate, epitaxy, process and packaging. Photoelectric characterization of LEDs, Lighting with LEDs and the imposition of a certain level of color quality, are the subject of later chapters, and finally there is a detailed discussion of the emergence of OLEDs, or organic LEDs, which have specific capabilities of immediate interest and importance in this field.
The Market For Light Emitting Diodes Led In Germany
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Author : Holger Bracker
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-05-23
The Market For Light Emitting Diodes Led In Germany written by Holger Bracker and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Project Report from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,3, Cologne University of Applied Sciences (Haute Ecole de Géstion Genève - Faculty for Economics and Business Administration), course: International Projects, language: English, abstract: Germany is a net importer of Light-emitting diodes, including laser diodes as classified by the following 8 digit HS code 8541.40-10. Over the last five years Germany has seen domestic production decrease while imports of LEDs are steadily increasing to around 1,766.9 tons accounting for a market share of €299,024.81 in 2009. Germany’s semiconductor industry has become a major global partner and driver of development and research of LED technology. While manufacturers from Asia are posing as competition for most of the western world in LED production, Germany’s market has maintained a relatively strong position primarily due to high demand in its large automotive sector. In this market brief we analyse the entry requirements and opportunities for foreign firms willing to enter the German market. Furthermore the reader may find a lot of suggestions and contact in order to get in contact with main producers in Germany.
Controlling Excitons Concepts For Phosphorescent Organic Leds At High Brightness
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Controlling Excitons Concepts For Phosphorescent Organic Leds At High Brightness written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
This work focusses on the high brightness performance of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The use of phosphorescent emitter molecules in OLEDs is essential to realize internal electron-photon conversion efficiencies of 100 %. However, due to their molecular nature, the excited triplet states have orders of magnitude longer time constants compared to their fluorescent counterparts which, in turn, strongly increases the probability of bimolecular annihilation. As a consequence, the efficiencies of phosphorescent OLEDs decline at high brightness - an effect known as efficiency roll-off, for which it has been shown to be dominated by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA). In this work, TTA of the archetype phosphorescent emitter Ir(ppy)3 is investi- gated in time-resolved photoluminescence experiments. For the widely used mixed system CBP:Ir(ppy)3, host-guest TTA - an additional unwanted TTA channel - is experimentally observed at high excitation levels. By using matrix materials with higher triplet energies, this effect is efficiently suppressed, however further studies show that the efficiency roll-off of Ir(ppy)3 is much more pronounced than predicted by a model based on Förster-type energy transfer, which marks the intrinsic limit for TTA. These results suggest that the emitter molecules show a strong tendency to form aggregates in the mixed film as the origin for enhanced TTA. Transmission electron microscopy images of Ir(ppy)3 doped mixed films give direct proof of emitter aggregates. Based on these results, two concepts are developed that improve the high brightness performance of OLEDs. In a first approach, thin intrinsic matrix interlayers are incorporated in the emission layer leading to a one-dimensional exciton confinement that suppresses exciton migration and, consequently, TTA. The second concept reduces the efficiency roll-off by using an emitter molecule with slightly differ- ent chemical structure, i.e. Ir(ppy)2(acac). Compared to Ir(p.