High Energy Ball Milling
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High Energy Ball Milling
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Author : Małgorzata Sopicka-Lizer
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-05-24
High Energy Ball Milling written by Małgorzata Sopicka-Lizer and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Mechanochemical processing is a novel and cost effective method of producing a wide range of nanopowders. It involves the use of a high energy ball mill to initiate chemical reactions and structural changes. High energy ball milling: Mechanochemical processing of nanopowders reviews the latest techniques in mechanochemistry and how they can be applied to the synthesis and processing of various high-tech materials.Part one discusses the basic science of mechanochemistry with chapters on such topics as the mechanism and kinetics of mechanochemical processes, kinetic behaviour in mechanochemically-induced structural and chemical transformations and materials design through mechanochemical processing. Part two reviews mechanochemical treatment of different materials including synthesis of complex ceramic oxides, production of intermetallic compound powders, synthesis of organic compounds, synthesis of metallic-ceramic composite powders and activation of covalent bond-based materials. Part three covers mechanochemical processes in metal powder systems and other applications with coverage of topics such as plating and surface modification using ultrasonic vibrations, activated powders as precursors for spark plasma sintering, titanium dioxide photocatalyst synthesis by mechanochemical doping and synthesis of materials for lithium-ion batteries.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, High energy ball milling: Mechanochemical processing of nanopowders is a standard reference for all those involved in the production of ceramic and metallic components using sintering and other powder metallurgy techniques to produce net shape components. Examines the latest techniques in mechanochemistry and how they can be applied to the synthesis and processing of various high-tech materials Discusses the basic science of mechanochemistry including kinetic behaviour, processes and mechanisms and materials design through mechanochemical processing Reviews mechanochemical treatment of different materials including synthesis of ceramic oxides, organic compounds and metallic-ceramic composite powders
Environmental Mechanochemistry
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Author : Matej Baláž
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-22
Environmental Mechanochemistry written by Matej Baláž and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-22 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview on mechanochemistry including its history, high-energy ball milling process, equipment used and fundamentals behind the observed scientific phenomena. It also shows that mechanochemistry is highly applicable in the field of waste treatment. The text reviews 1017 studies utilizing mostly high-energy ball milling for the treatment of various types of consumer, technogenic and agricultural waste. The text is divided into chapters based on individual waste types. The book presents an Appendix compiling all studies arranged according to the application that the recycled waste is meant for. In this way, readers from both academia and companies interested either in the treatment of a particular waste, or particular application might easily locate sections of interest.
An Overview Of High Energy Ball Milled Nanocrystalline Aluminum Alloys
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Author : Rajeev Kumar Gupta
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-08-23
An Overview Of High Energy Ball Milled Nanocrystalline Aluminum Alloys written by Rajeev Kumar Gupta and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents a comprehensive overview of the nanocrystalline Al based alloys as prepared using high-energy ball milling (HEBM). It discusses the influence of HEBM parameters on grain refinement and examines methods for the consolidation of nanocrystalline Al powders; further, it reviews the effects of various processing parameters on the final microstructure and the impact of microstructure on corrosion and mechanical properties. The book also provides guidelines for choosing appropriate HEBM parameters for the production of nanocrystalline Al powders and methods for consolidating them in net-shaped components. Future challenges and possible applications of high-energy ball milled Al alloys are also discussed. The book is intended for researchers and professionals interested in aluminium alloy development, manufacturing technologies, light metals and nanocrystalline metallic materials.
Mechanical Alloying And Milling
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Author : Cury Suryanarayana
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2004-09-28
Mechanical Alloying And Milling written by Cury Suryanarayana and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book surveys the broad field of mechanical alloying from a scientific and technological perspective to form a timely and comprehensive resource valuable to both students and researchers. The treatment progresses from the historical background through a description of the process, the different metastable effects produced, and the mechanisms of
High Energy Milled Ex Situ Mgb2 For Tapes And Wires
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Author : Anna Kario
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2011-05-02
High Energy Milled Ex Situ Mgb2 For Tapes And Wires written by Anna Kario and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
1. The optimum solution for the difficulties during conductor deformation was to use the ex situ precursor powder which is not sensitive to heat treatments in the range of temperatures needed for the working stress release of the sheath metal. Two different ex situ powders are studied: homemade ex situ (based on mechanically alloyed in situ powder) and commercial powder with reduced crystallite size achieved by high energy ball milling. 2. As the first approach, ex situ powder is prepared using mechanical alloying. A detailed phase analysis shown secondary phases, such as MgO and MgB4+x. A high critical current density for unsintered tapes and wires was obtained. It is observed that non of the applied final heat treatments of the conductors improve their superconducting properties. It is assumed that, heat treatments influence the crystallite size which is explained by MgO at the grain boundaries blocking grain growth. Additional milling or chemical treatment of the powder to clean the grains is needed to accomplish a smaller particle size. However, if medium Jc values are sufficient, the MA in-ex situ powder is an interesting precursor powder for conductors needed for the react & wind method of superconducting coil preparation, because the final heat treatment of a such a conductor is not needed. 3. As the second approach, commercially available ex situ powder was milled to reduce grain size. The average crystallite size of the powder is reduced by ball milling drastically from 47 nm to 15 nm, however, this powder is highly reactive. Powders after 2 h or longer milling times exposed to air react rapidly with oxygen and create up to 40 wt% of secondary phases, like MgB4+x and MgO. This reaction can be avoided by using exclusively a protective atmosphere for the sample preparation. Ex situ MgB2 stability examination via the decomposition behaviour. 4. The decomposition of MgB2 to Mg and higher borides at high annealing temperatures is observed in bulks and conductors. The temperature of the MgB2 decomposition decreases with increasing milling time. Unfortunately, the decomposition takes place at temperatures which are in the same range as the temperature needed for ex situ sintering. With increasing milling time, the crystallite size decreases and more powder is decomposed. It was found that an increased grain connection due to the milling and a decreased crystallite size play a larger role in increasing Jc than secondary phases. The milling process creates fresh reaction surfaces without a MgO layer for an improved grain connectivity. 5. The high reactivity of the powder caused by the high energy ball milling might be reduced by carbon addition. Carbon is successfully introduced into the lattice, as proved by a change in the lattice parameter, a decrease of Tc, an increase of the upper critical field and a change of the Jc dependence on applied field. The carbon substitution in the lattice is accomplished via high energy ball milling. 6. The best Jc results ( Jc=104 A/cm2 at 12.4 T) are obtained for the tape with the 20 h milled powder with 5 wt% of carbon addition. The precursor powder is well deformable: the 2 m long conductor was prepared using a combination of swaging, drawing and rolling with the help of intermediate heat treatments. Such additional heat treatments do not influence the precursor powder. Furthermore the carbon addition to the tape precursor increases the decomposition temperature of the powder, decreases its reactivity and improves the Jc(H) dependence of the tape in comparison to the tape with undoped precursor. The tapes prepared from that powder do not show a Jc anisotropy in respect to the field direction. The ex situ powder was used as superconducting diffusion barrier for copper sheathed conductors to prevent reaction between filament and sheath. 7. In addition, ex situ powder is used as a chemical barrier in Glidcop® in situ wires, substituting Nb or Ti which are commonly used. It is proved that the wire deformation by drawing with the powder barrier is possible. The effectiveness of the barrier in preventing a reaction between the Glidcop® sheath and the in situ MgB2 in wires heat treated both under ambient pressure and under high gas pressure was studied. It is found that this barrier is effective in preventing diffusion between Mg and Cu in the sheath only in the case of high pressure sintering. This novel technique allows to get relatively high values of the engineering critical current density Je (Je=104 A/cm2 at 5.3 T) because a high superconductor filling factor of 50% can be achieved. This is usually very challenging in powder-in-tube composite conductors with a diffusion barrier. Homepage IFW Dresden
Mechanochemistry In Nanoscience And Minerals Engineering
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Author : Peter Balaz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-10-20
Mechanochemistry In Nanoscience And Minerals Engineering written by Peter Balaz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Mechanochemistry as a branch of solid state chemistry enquires into processes which proceed in solids due to the application of mechanical energy. This provides a thorough, up to date overview of mechanochemistry of solids and minerals. Applications of mechanochemistry in nanoscience with special impact on nanogeoscience are described. Selected advanced identification methods, most frequently applied in nanoscience, are described as well as the advantage of mechanochemical approach in minerals engineering. Examples of industrial applications are given. Mechanochemical technology is being applied in many industrial fields: powder metallurgy (synthesis of nanometals, alloys and nanocompounds), building industry (activation of cements), chemical industry (solid waste treatment, catalyst synthesis, coal ashes utilization), minerals engineering (ore enrichment, enhancement of processes of extractive metallurgy), agriculture industry (solubility increase of fertilizers), and pharmaceutical industry (improvement of solubility and bioavailability of drugs). This reference serves as an introduction to newcomers to mechanochemistry, and encourages more experienced researchers to broaden their knowledge and discover novel applications in the field.
Processing And Characterization Of Materials
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Author : Snehanshu Pal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-01
Processing And Characterization Of Materials written by Snehanshu Pal and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book includes selected conference proceedings of Conference on Processing and Characterization of Materials (CPCM-2020). The content of the book includes processing of and characterization of materials, sustainable energy materials, defense materials, functionally graded materials, and composites which has significant impact on cutting-edge applications. The book also includes surface engineering, computational methods and materials, waste utilization, and corrosion and environmental degradation of materials. Design, research, and development studies, experimental investigations, theoretical analysis, and fabrication techniques relevant to the application of materials in various assemblies, ranging from individual components to complete structure are presented in the book. The book is useful for graduate students, researchers, and industry professionals alike.
Alloy Materials And Their Allied Applications
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Author : Inamuddin
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-06-16
Alloy Materials And Their Allied Applications written by Inamuddin and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications provides an in-depth overview of alloy materials and applications. The 11 chapters focus on the fabrication methods and design of corrosion-resistant, magnetic, biodegradable, and shape memory alloys. The industrial applications in the allied areas, such as biomedical, dental implants, abrasive finishing, surface treatments, photocatalysis, water treatment, and batteries, are discussed in detail. This book will help readers solve fundamental and applied problems faced in the field of allied alloys applications.
Carbon Nanotechnology
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Author : Liming Dai
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2006-04-18
Carbon Nanotechnology written by Liming Dai and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nanotechnology is no longer a merely social talking point and is beginning to affect the lives of everyone. Carbon nanotechnology as a major shaper of new nanotechnologies has evolved into a truly interdisciplinary field, which encompasses chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, materials science and engineering. This is a field in which a huge amount of literature has been generated within recent years, and the number of publications is still increasing every year. Carbon Nanotechnology aims to provide a timely coverage of the recent development in the field with updated reviews and remarks by world-renowned experts. Intended to be an exposition of cutting-edge research and development rather than a kind of conference proceeding, Carbon Nanotechnology will be very useful not only to experienced scientists and engineers, who wish to broaden their knowledge of the wide-ranging nanotechnology and/or to develop practical devices, but also to graduate and senior undergraduate students who look to make their mark in this field of the future. · A comprehensive treatment from materials chemistry and structure-property to practical applications· Offers an in-depth analysis of various carbon nanotechnologies from both fundamental and practical perspectives· An easily accessible assessment of the materials properties and device performances based on all of the major classes of carbon nanomaterials, including: carbon fiber; diamond; C60; and carbon nanotubes· A concise compilation of the practical applications of carbon nanotechnologies from polymer-carbon nanocomposites to sensors, electron emitters, and molecular electronics
Nanomaterials For Solid State Hydrogen Storage
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Author : Robert A. Varin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-01-13
Nanomaterials For Solid State Hydrogen Storage written by Robert A. Varin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Over the past decade, important advances have been made in the development of nanostructured materials for solid state hydrogen storage used to supply hydrogen to fuel cells in a clean, inexpensive, safe and efficient manner. Nanomaterials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage focuses on hydrogen storage materials having high volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen capacities, and thus having the highest potential of being applied in the automotive sector. Written by leading experts in the field, Nanomaterials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage provides a thorough history of hydrides and nanomaterials, followed by a discussion of existing fabrication methods. The authors’ own research results in the behavior of various hydrogen storage materials are also presented. Covering fundamentals, extensive research results and recent advances in nanomaterials for solid state hydrogen storage, this book serves as a comprehensive reference.