Historia Econ Mica Y Social De Colombia 1 537 1 719 Without Title
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Historia Economica Y Social De Colombia 1537 1719
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Author : G. Colmenares
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Historia Economica Y Social De Colombia 1537 1719 written by G. Colmenares and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with categories.
Historia Econ Mica Y Social De Colombia 1 537 1 719 Without Title
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Author : Germán Colmenares
language : es
Publisher: [Cali, Colombia] : Universidad del Valle, División de Humanidades
Release Date : 1973
Historia Econ Mica Y Social De Colombia 1 537 1 719 Without Title written by Germán Colmenares and has been published by [Cali, Colombia] : Universidad del Valle, División de Humanidades this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Colombia categories.
Critical Junctures And Historical Legacies
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Author : David Collier
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2022-02-28
Critical Junctures And Historical Legacies written by David Collier and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-28 with Social Science categories.
Over the past 50 years, scholars across the social sciences have employed critical juncture analysis to understand how social orders are created, become entrenched, and change. In this book, leading scholars from several disciplines offer the first coordinated effort to define this field of research, assess its theoretical and methodological foundations, and use a critical assessment of current practices as a basis for guiding its future. Contributors include stars in this field who have written some of the classic works on critical junctures, as well as the rising stars of the next generation who will continue to shape historical comparative analysis for years to come. Critical Junctures and Historical Legacies will be an indispensable resource for social science research methods scholars and students.
World Education Report
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Author : United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Staff
language : en
Publisher: Bernan Press(PA)
Release Date : 2000-05-01
World Education Report written by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Staff and has been published by Bernan Press(PA) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-01 with Education categories.
Researchers can use this report to find information on global trends & developments in education & educational policies affecting teachers, their status & work, & their education & training. Includes data on key aspects of education in over 180 countries.
Economic Mobility And The Rise Of The Latin American Middle Class
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Author : Francisco H. G. Ferreira
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012-11-09
Economic Mobility And The Rise Of The Latin American Middle Class written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-09 with Business & Economics categories.
After decades of stagnation, the size of Latin America's middle class recently expanded to the point where, for the first time ever, the number of people in poverty is equal to the size of the middle class. This volume investigates the nature, determinants and possible consequences of this remarkable process of social transformation. We propose an original definition of the middle class, tailor-made for Latin America, centered on the concept of economic security and thus a low probability of falling into poverty. Given our definition of the middle class, there are four, not three, classes in Latin America. Sandwiched between the poor and the middle class there lies a large group of people who appear to make ends meet well enough, but do not enjoy the economic security that would be required for membership of the middle class. We call this group the 'vulnerable'. In an almost mechanical sense, these transformations in Latin America reflect both economic growth and declining inequality in over the period. We adopt a measure of mobility that decomposes the 'gainers' and 'losers' in society by social class of each household. The continent has experienced a large amount of churning over the last 15 years, at least 43% of all Latin Americans changed social classes between the mid 1990s and the end of the 2000s. Despite the upward mobility trend, intergenerational mobility, a better proxy for inequality of opportunity, remains stagnant. Educational achievement and attainment remain to be strongly dependent upon parental education levels. Despite the recent growth in pro-poor programs, the middle class has benefited disproportionally from social security transfers and are increasingly opting out from government services. Central to the region's prospects of continued progress will be its ability to harness the new middle class into a new, more inclusive social contract, where the better-off pay their fair share of taxes, and demand improved public services.
The World Bank
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Author : Devesh Kapur
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2011-08-01
The World Bank written by Devesh Kapur and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This effort constitutes the most comprehensive and authoritative work to date on the history of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, or the World Bank. Author-editors John Lewis, Richard Webb, and Devesh Kapur chronicle the evolution of this institution and offer insights into its successes, failures, and prospects for the future. The result of their intense labors is an invaluable resource for other researchers and a fascinating study in its own right. The work is divided into two volumes. The first is organized thematically and examines the critical events and policy issues in the World Bank's development over the last fifty years. Chapter topics include poverty alleviation, structural adjustment lending, environmental programs, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the International Development Association (IDA), and the evolution of the Bank as an institution. The second volume contains case studies written by experts with experience in the various regions in which the Bank operates. There are chapters on the Bank's activities in Korea, Mexico, Africa, South Asia, and Eastern Europe. Volume 2 also contains essays on the World Bank's relationship with the United States, Japan, and Western Europe, and its partnership with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). By special arrangement, the authors have had wide-ranging access to confidential documents at the World Bank, making this work a unique source of information on the internal workings of this critical institution. They have also drawn on extensive interviews with current and past Bank officials. Moreover, publication could not be more timely, coming as it does when many in the development community and in the U.S. Congress are questioning the Bank's track record and even its reason for existence. The World Bank: Its First Half Century will be of great interest not only to development practitioners but also to students of international relations, development economics, and global finance. During the course of the project, John P. Lewis and Richard Webb were nonresident senior fellows, and Devesh Kapur was a program associate, in the Foreign Policy Studies program at the Brookings Institution.
Ecosystem Services Biodiversity And Environmental Change In A Tropical Mountain Ecosystem Of South Ecuador
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Author : Jörg Bendix
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-07-09
Ecosystem Services Biodiversity And Environmental Change In A Tropical Mountain Ecosystem Of South Ecuador written by Jörg Bendix and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-09 with Science categories.
An interdisciplinary research unit consisting of 30 teams in the natural, economic and social sciences analyzed biodiversity and ecosystem services of a mountain rainforest ecosystem in the hotspot of the tropical Andes, with special reference to past, current and future environmental changes. The group assessed ecosystem services using data from ecological field and scenario-driven model experiments, and with the help of comparative field surveys of the natural forest and its anthropogenic replacement system for agriculture. The book offers insights into the impacts of environmental change on various service categories mentioned in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005): cultural, regulating, supporting and provisioning ecosystem services. Examples focus on biodiversity of plants and animals including trophic networks, and abiotic/biotic parameters such as soils, regional climate, water, nutrient and sediment cycles. The types of threats considered include land use and climate changes, as well as atmospheric fertilization. In terms of regulating and provisioning services, the emphasis is primarily on water regulation and supply as well as climate regulation and carbon sequestration. With regard to provisioning services, the synthesis of the book provides science-based recommendations for a sustainable land use portfolio including several options such as forestry, pasture management and the practices of indigenous peoples. In closing, the authors show how they integrated the local society by pursuing capacity building in compliance with the CBD-ABS (Convention on Biological Diversity - Access and Benefit Sharing), in the form of education and knowledge transfer for application.
A Lexical Description Of English For Architecture
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Author : Begoña Soneira
language : en
Publisher: Linguistic Insights
Release Date : 2015
A Lexical Description Of English For Architecture written by Begoña Soneira and has been published by Linguistic Insights this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Architecture categories.
This book is a key reference for the study of English for Architecture. One of its main contributions is its methodology based on a purpose-made corpus. The study defines the character of Architecture language based on word-formation, loanwords and semantics, revealing a language as creative and varied as the very discipline it represents.
The Physical Geography Of South America
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Author : Thomas T. Veblen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015-04-01
The Physical Geography Of South America written by Thomas T. Veblen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-01 with Science categories.
The Physical Geography of South America, the eighth volume in the Oxford Regional Environments series, presents an enduring statement on the physical and biogeographic conditions of this remarkable continent and their relationships to human activity. It fills a void in recent environmental literature by assembling a team of specialists from within and beyond South America in order to provide an integrated, cross-disciplinary body of knowledge about this mostly tropical continent, together with its high mountains and temperate southern cone. The authors systematically cover the main components of the South American environment - tectonism, climate, glaciation, natural landscape changes, rivers, vegetation, animals, and soils. The book then presents more specific treatments of regions with special attributes from the tropical forests of the Amazon basin to the Atacama Desert and Patagonian steppe, and from the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific coasts to the high Andes. Additionally, the continents environments are given a human face by evaluating the roles played by people over time, from pre-European and European colonial impacts to the effects of modern agriculture and urbanization, and from interactions with El Niño events to prognoses for the future environments of the continent.
The Relative Volatility Of Commodity Prices
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Author : Mr.Rabah Arezki
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2011-12-01
The Relative Volatility Of Commodity Prices written by Mr.Rabah Arezki and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper studies the volatility of commodity prices on the basis of a large dataset of monthly prices observed in international trade data from the United States over the period 2002 to 2011. The conventional wisdom in academia and policy circles is that primary commodity prices are more volatile than those of manufactured products, even though most of the existing evidence does not actually attempt to measure the volatility of prices of individual goods or commodities. Rather the literature tends to focus on trends in the evolution and volatility of ratios of price indexes composed of multiple commodities and products. This approach can be misleading. Indeed, the evidence presented in this paper suggests that on average prices of individual primary commodities may be less volatile than those of individual manufactured goods.