Horizontal Inequalities
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Horizontal Inequalities
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Author : Frances Stewart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Horizontal Inequalities written by Frances Stewart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Developing countries categories.
Horizontal Inequalities And Conflict
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Author : F. Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-01-22
Horizontal Inequalities And Conflict written by F. Stewart and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-22 with Social Science categories.
Drawing on econometric evidence and in-depth studies of West Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia, this book explores how horizontal inequalities - ethnic, religious or racial - are a source of violent conflict and how political, economic and cultural status inequalities have contributed. Policies to reverse inequality would reduce these risks.
Horizontal Inequalities And Post Conflict Development
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Author : Frances Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-30
Horizontal Inequalities And Post Conflict Development written by Frances Stewart and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-30 with Political Science categories.
This book evaluates the extent to which post-conflict reconstruction has addressed problems of horizontal inequalities through country case studies on Burundi, Rwanda, Nepal, Peru, Guatemala, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Afghanistan, and four thematic studies on macro-economic policies, privatisation, PRSP's, and employment generation.
Horizontal Inequalities Political Environment And Civil Conflict
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Author : Gudrun Østby
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007
Horizontal Inequalities Political Environment And Civil Conflict written by Gudrun Østby and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Armed Conflict categories.
Several studies of civil war have concluded that economic inequality between individuals does not increase the risk of internal armed conflict. This is perhaps not so surprising. Even though an individual may feel frustrated if he is poor compared with other individuals in society, he will not start a rebellion on his own. Civil wars are organized group conflicts, not a matter of individuals randomly committing violence against each other. Hence, we should not neglect the group aspect of human well-being and conflict. Systematic inequalities that coincide with ethnic, religious, or geographical cleavages in a country are often referred to as horizontal inequalities (or inter-group inequalities). Case studies of particular countries as well as some statistical studies have found that such inequalities between identity groups tend to be associated with a higher risk of internal conflict. But the emergence of violent group mobilization in a country with sharp horizontal inequalities may depend on the characteristics of the political regime. For example, in an autocracy, grievances that stem from group inequalities are likely to be large and frequent, but state repression may prevent them from being openly expressed. This paper investigates the relationship between horizontal inequalities, political environment, and civil war in developing countries. Based on national survey data from 55 countries it calculates welfare inequalities between ethnic, religious, and regional groups for each country using indicators such as household assets and educational levels. All the inequality measures, particularly regional inequality, are positively associated with higher risks of conflict outbreak. And it seems that the conflict potential of regional inequality is stronger for pure democratic and intermediate regimes than for pure autocratic regimes. Institutional arrangements also seem to matter.
Horizontal Inequalities
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Author : Frances Stewart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Horizontal Inequalities written by Frances Stewart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Equality categories.
Why Horizontal Inequalities Matter
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Author : Frances Stewart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Why Horizontal Inequalities Matter written by Frances Stewart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Equality categories.
Policies Towards Horizontal Inequalities
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Author : Frances Stewart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Policies Towards Horizontal Inequalities written by Frances Stewart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Equality categories.
Horizontal Inequalities Political Environment And Civil Conflict
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Author : Gudrun ??stby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Horizontal Inequalities Political Environment And Civil Conflict written by Gudrun ??stby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Several studies of civil war have concluded that economic inequality between individuals does not increase the risk of internal armed conflict. This is perhaps not so surprising. Even though an individual may feel frustrated if he is poor compared with other individuals in society, he will not start a rebellion on his own. Civil wars are organized group conflicts, not a matter of individuals randomly committing violence against each other. Hence, we should not neglect the group aspect of human well-being and conflict. Systematic inequalities that coincide with ethnic, religious, or geographical cleavages in a country are often referred to as horizontal inequalities (or inter-group inequalities). Case studies of particular countries as well as some statistical studies have found that such inequalities between identity groups tend to be associated with a higher risk of internal conflict. But the emergence of violent group mobilization in a country with sharp horizontal inequalities may depend on the characteristics of the political regime. For example, in an autocracy, grievances that stem from group inequalities are likely to be large and frequent, but state repression may prevent them from being openly expressed. This paper investigates the relationship between horizontal inequalities, political environment, and civil war in developing countries. Based on national survey data from 55 countries it calculates welfare inequalities between ethnic, religious, and regional groups for each country using indicators such as household assets and educational levels. All the inequality measures, particularly regional inequality, are positively associated with higher risks of conflict outbreak. And it seems that the conflict potential of regional inequality is stronger for pure democratic and intermediate regimes than for pure autocratic regimes. Institutional arrangements also seem to matter. In fact it seems that the conflict potential of horizontal inequalities increases with more inclusive electoral systems. Finally, the presence of both regional inequalities and political exclusion of minority groups seems to make countries particularly at risk for conflict. The main policy implication of these findings is that the combination of politically and economically inclusive government is required to secure peace in developing countries.
On Data And Trends In Horizontal Inequality
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Author : Carla Canelas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
On Data And Trends In Horizontal Inequality written by Carla Canelas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Economic, social, and political inequalities are at the forefront of today's public debate. While governments around the world have made conscious efforts to promote social inclusion, and major progress in fulfilling basic needs has been witnessed during the last decades, certain groups of people are still left behind in many domains of life. This paper aims to summarize recent horizontal inequality trends across and within countries and to better understand these changes over time. Overall, horizontal inequalities have been falling in the developing world, in spite of significant country variation. Importantly, significant differences exist for different inequality dimensions, i.e. economic, social, political. In terms of data, few cross-country horizontal inequality datasets are available for research. In general, there is a trade-off between the coverage of countries and time periods as well as comparability of the results between countries and years. Contrary to vertical inequalities, there has not been a systematic effort to construct and maintain an up-to-date dataset on horizontal inequalities.
Macro Adjustment Policies And Horizontal Inequalities
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Author : Arnim Langer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Macro Adjustment Policies And Horizontal Inequalities written by Arnim Langer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Equality categories.