How New Languages Emerge
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How New Languages Emerge
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Author : David Lightfoot
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-05
How New Languages Emerge written by David Lightfoot and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
New languages are constantly emerging, as existing languages diverge into different forms. To explain this fascinating process, we need to understand how languages change and how they emerge in children. In this pioneering study, David Lightfoot explains how languages come into being, arguing that children are the driving force. He explores how new systems arise, how they are acquired by children, and how adults and children play different, complementary roles in language change. Lightfoot makes an important distinction between 'external language' (language as it exists in the world), and 'internal language' (language as represented in an individual's brain). By examining the interplay between the two, he shows how children are 'cue-based' learners, who scan their external linguistic environment for new structures, making sense of the world outside in order to build their internal language. Engaging and original, this book offers an interesting account of language acquisition, variation and change.
The Handbook Of Language Emergence
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Author : Brian MacWhinney
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-05-01
The Handbook Of Language Emergence written by Brian MacWhinney and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This authoritative handbook explores the latest integrated theory for understanding human language, offering the most inclusive text yet published on the rapidly evolving emergentist paradigm. Brings together an international team of contributors, including the most prominent advocates of linguistic emergentism Focuses on the ways in which the learning, processing, and structure of language emerge from a competing set of cognitive, communicative, and biological constraints Examines forces on widely divergent timescales, from instantaneous neurolinguistic processing to historical changes and language evolution Addresses key theoretical, empirical, and methodological issues, making this handbook the most rigorous examination of emergentist linguistic theory ever
Scaffolded Language Emergence In The Classroom
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Author : Donald Kiraly
language : en
Publisher: Frank & Timme GmbH
Release Date : 2017-04-14
Scaffolded Language Emergence In The Classroom written by Donald Kiraly and has been published by Frank & Timme GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-14 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book introduces an approach to elementary adult foreign language learning that is based on theory (in particular, complexity thinking and social constructivism) on the one hand, and years of practice using various unconventional methods on the other. A key assumption of the Scaffolded Language Emergence (SLE) approach is that a language need not be taught or learned in the conventional sense of these terms. Instead, it is argued, language can ‘emerge’, that is generate and maintain itself through authentic use. The study and application of rules is considered most useful in later stages of learning, while intuition and abductive thinking can be used very effectively to initiate or bootstrap naturalistic learning processes – even in adults learning a foreign language.
The Emergence Of Pidgin And Creole Languages
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Author : Jeff Siegel
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-02-28
The Emergence Of Pidgin And Creole Languages written by Jeff Siegel and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book provides explanations for the emergence of contact languages, especially pidgins and creoles. It assesses the current state of research and examines aspects of current theories and approaches that have excited much controversy and debate. The book answers questions such as: How valid is the notion of a pidgin-creole-postcreole life cycle? Why are many features of pidgins and creoles simple in formal terms compared to other languages? And what is the origin of the grammatical innovations in expanded pidgins and creoles - linguistic universals, conventional language change, the influence of features of languages in the contact environment, or a mix of two or more factors? In addressing these issues, the author looks at research on processes of second language acquisition and use, including simplification, overgeneralization, and language transfer. He shows how these processes can account for many of the characteristics of contact languages, and proposes linguistic and sociolinguistic constraints on their application in language contact. His analysis is supported with detailed examples and case studies from Pidgin Fijian, Melanesian Pidgin, Hawai'i Creole, New Caledonian Tayo and Australian Kriol, which he uses as well to assess the merits of competing theories of language genesis. Professor Siegel also considers his research's wider implications for linguistic theory.
How New Languages Emerge
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Author : David Lightfoot
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-05
How New Languages Emerge written by David Lightfoot and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
New languages are constantly emerging, as existing languages diverge into different forms. To explain this fascinating process, we need to understand how languages change and how they emerge in children. In this pioneering study, David Lightfoot explains how languages come into being, arguing that children are the driving force. He explores how new systems arise, how they are acquired by children, and how adults and children play different, complementary roles in language change. Lightfoot makes an important distinction between 'external language' (language as it exists in the world), and 'internal language' (language as represented in an individual's brain). By examining the interplay between the two, he shows how children are 'cue-based' learners, who scan their external linguistic environment for new structures, making sense of the world outside in order to build their internal language. Engaging and original, this book offers an interesting account of language acquisition, variation and change.
Emerging Sign Languages Of The Americas
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Author : Olivier Le Guen
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-11-23
Emerging Sign Languages Of The Americas written by Olivier Le Guen and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-23 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume is the first to bring together researchers studying a range of different types of emerging sign languages in the Americas, and their relationship to the gestures produced in the surrounding communities of hearing individuals. Contents Acknowledgements Olivier Le Guen, Marie Coppola and Josefina Safar Introduction: How Emerging Sign Languages in the Americas contributes to the study of linguistics and (emerging) sign languages Part I: Emerging sign languages of the Americas. Descriptions and analysis John Haviland Signs, interaction, coordination, and gaze: interactive foundations of “Z”—an emerging (sign) language from Chiapas, Mexico Laura Horton Representational strategies in shared homesign systems from Nebaj, Guatemala Josefina Safar and Rodrigo Petatillo Chan Strategies of noun-verb distinction in Yucatec Maya Sign Languages Emmanuella Martinod, Brigitte Garcia and Ivani Fusellier A typological perspective on the meaningful handshapes in the emerging sign languages on Marajó Island (Brazil) Ben Braithwaite Emerging sign languages in the Caribbean Olivier Le Guen, Rebeca Petatillo and Rita (Rossy) Kinil Canché Yucatec Maya multimodal interaction as the basis for Yucatec Maya Sign Language Marie Coppola Gestures, homesign, sign language: Cultural and social factors driving lexical conventionalization Part II: Sociolinguistic sketches John B. Haviland Zinacantec family homesign (or “Z”) Laura Horton A sociolinguistic sketch of deaf individuals and families from Nebaj, Guatemala Josefina Safar and Olivier Le Guen Yucatec Maya Sign Language(s): A sociolinguistic overview Emmanuella Martinod, Brigitte Garcia and Ivani Fusellier Sign Languages on Marajó Island (Brazil) Ben Braithwaite Sociolinguistic sketch of Providence Island Sign Language Kristian Ali and Ben Braithwaite Bay Islands Sign Language: A Sociolinguistic Sketch Marie Coppola Sociolinguistic sketch: Nicaraguan Sign Language and Homesign Systems in Nicaragua
The Emergence Of Protolanguage
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Author : Michael A. Arbib
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2010-01-01
The Emergence Of Protolanguage written by Michael A. Arbib and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Somewhere and somehow, in the 5 to 7 million years since the last common ancestors of humans and the great apes, our ancestors got language. The authors of this volume all agree that there was no single mutation or cultural innovation that took our ancestors directly from a limited system of a few vocalizations (primarily innate) and gestures (some learned) to language. They further agree to use the term protolanguage for the beginnings of an open system of symbolic communication that provided the bridge to the use of fully expressive languages, rich in both lexicon and grammar. But here consensus ends, and the theories presented here range from the "compositional view" that protolanguage was based primarily on words akin to the nouns and verbs, etc., we know today with only syntax lacking to the "holophrastic view" that protolanguage used protowords which had no meaningful subunits which might nonetheless refer to complex but significantly recurrent events. The present volume does not decide the matter but it does advance our understanding. The lack of any direct archaeological record of protolanguage might seem to raise insuperable difficulties. However, this volume exhibits the diversity of methodologies that can be brought to bear in developing datasets that can be used to advance the debate.These articles were originally published as "Interaction Studies" 9:1 (2008)."
How The Brain Got Language
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Author : Michael A. Arbib
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2012-04-11
How The Brain Got Language written by Michael A. Arbib and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Unlike any other species, humans can learn and use language. This book explains how the brain evolved to make language possible, through what Michael Arbib calls the Mirror System Hypothesis. Because of mirror neurons, monkeys, chimps, and humans can learn by imitation, but only "complex imitation," which humans exhibit, is powerful enough to support the breakthrough to language. This theory provides a path from the openness of manual gesture, which we share with nonhuman primates, through the complex imitation of manual skills, pantomime, protosign (communication based on conventionalized manual gestures), and finally to protospeech. The theory explains why we humans are as capable of learning sign languages as we are of learning to speak. This fascinating book shows how cultural evolution took over from biological evolution for the transition from protolanguage to fully fledged languages. The author explains how the brain mechanisms that made the original emergence of languages possible, perhaps 100,000 years ago, are still operative today in the way children acquire language, in the way that new sign languages have emerged in recent decades, and in the historical processes of language change on a time scale from decades to centuries. Though the subject is complex, this book is highly readable, providing all the necessary background in primatology, neuroscience, and linguistics to make the book accessible to a general audience.
The Evolutionary Emergence Of Language
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Author : Rudolf Botha
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2013-07-25
The Evolutionary Emergence Of Language written by Rudolf Botha and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Leading primatologists, cognitive scientists, anthropologists, and linguists consider how language evolution can be understood by means of inference from the study of linked or analogous phenomena in language, animal behaviour, genetics, neurology, culture, and biology.
The Emergence Of Hybrid Grammars
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Author : Enoch Oladé Aboh
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-08-27
The Emergence Of Hybrid Grammars written by Enoch Oladé Aboh and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-27 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This account of language acquisition in a multilingual context explains how hybrid grammars develop and can result in language change.