How Requirements Development Could Support Design Of Effective And Resource Efficient Offerings
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How Requirements Development Could Support Design Of Effective And Resource Efficient Offerings
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Author : Sara Nilsson
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2017-11-15
How Requirements Development Could Support Design Of Effective And Resource Efficient Offerings written by Sara Nilsson and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-15 with categories.
What a company offers its customers has to fulfil several different needs, desires, constraints, which can originate from multiple different sources that affect the offering throughout its life cycle. All these criteria have to come together and be translated into statements that can support the designer’s understanding of the offering’s purpose. This translation is done through a requirements development process to provide a controlled process to define statements that describe what the offering is supposed to fulfil. This research provides insights on key challenges and success factors in requirements development to support the design of effective and resource-efficient offerings. Namely, it identifies crucial sources and aspects to be considered, and a requirements development process demonstrating how to overcome identified challenges. By getting the requirements right from the beginning, sub-optimisation and unnecessary time and risks can be avoided. The consideration of accurate sources and aspects is considered to be one of the most important factors for the successful design of offerings. It is also in the earliest phases of design, that is to say requirements development, where one has the greatest possibility to affect the environmental impact of the offering. What is missing, however, is sufficient and appropriate support in industry on how to do so. The gap between the three areas of effectiveness and resource efficiency, design of integrated offerings, and requirements development has been investigated. Results are based on findings in the literature and in industry, identified primarily by qualitative studies. In the research, 15 different companies have been included through a number of interviews and discussions. Key sources and aspects to consider in the requirements development process are identified along with challenges, and success factors that can be utilised to overcome the identified challenges. This research’s final results include an adapted requirements development process that considers the earlier-mentioned sources and aspect, challenges, and success factors. Such a requirements development process should support the design of effective and resource-efficient offerings.
Support For The Conceptual Design Stage Of Effective And Resource Efficient Offerings
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Author : Sergio Brambila
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-10-20
Support For The Conceptual Design Stage Of Effective And Resource Efficient Offerings written by Sergio Brambila and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-20 with categories.
Human activities in the form of production and consumption have increased to an all-time high. In many cases, this increase has resulted in environmental problems such as waste and pollution that, in turn, affect our health and way of living. Societies have proposed different measures to address such environmental problems. These range from different waste treatment technologies to alternative business models, policy measures, and lifecycle thinking in the design of products, to mention but a few. In this research, the focus is on supporting early design activities of what is often called the conceptual design stage with the objective to provide effective and resource-efficient offerings. The early design activities considered here are planning, analysis, and evaluation. Design researchers have largely supported these three activities with a variety of methods and tools. However, previous research has shown that design support coming from academia has had a low uptake in industry. In this regard, the aim of this research is to propose not only useful but also usable support for design practitioners during the conceptual design stage. This research is carried out in the manufacturing sector in Sweden, where selected companies expressed an interest in collaborating with academia to address more thoroughly effective and resource-efficient offerings. To better match company needs and research from academia, this research took a pragmatic and cross-disciplinary approach. This research approach, along with literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, workshops, and questionnaires, shows different ways in which support can be made more useful and usable. The main gap addressed here is that the knowledge and the related skills of the user of the support have not been sufficiently explored. The results include requirements of the user of the support, proposed methods and tools derived from the requirements identified, and, most importantly, the knowledge and skills needed by the user of the support. The main message of this research is that support could be expanded from methods and tools to include knowledge and skills needed by design practitioners, the users of support. The flow of support from academia to industry could also be reinforced in a two-way flow through a pragmatic and cross-disciplinary approach to first and foremost address design practitioners’ needs. Mänskliga aktiviteter i form av produktion och konsumtion har aldrig varit högre. Denna ökning över tid har i många fall lett till miljöproblem som avfall och föroreningar, vilka i sin tur påverkar vår hälsa och levnadssätt. För att möta dessa miljöproblem har olika åtgärder föreslagits, som tekniker för avfallshantering, alternativa affärsmodeller, policy och livscykeldesign, för att nämna några. Fokus i forskningen som presenteras i denna avhandling är på tidiga designaktiviteter, vilka ofta kallas det konceptuella designstadiet och som syftar till att ta fram resurseffektiva erbjudanden. Detta steg behandlas här genom att närmare undersöka designaktiviteterna planering, analys och utvärdering. Designforskare har till stor del stöttat dessa tre aktiviteter med en mängd olika metoder och verktyg. Emellertid visar tidigare forskning att designstöd från akademin har ett lågt upptag i industrin. Syftet med denna forskning är därför att föreslå ett användbart stöd som också är användarvänlig för utövare under det konceptuella designstadiet. För att uppnå detta genomförs forskningen inom tillverkningssektorn i Sverige där deltagande företag uttryckt ett intresse av att samarbeta med akademin avseende resurseffektiva erbjudanden. För att bättre matcha företagens behov med forskning från akademin antas en pragmatisk och tvärvetenskaplig strategi. Denna strategi, tillsammans med litteraturöversikter, semistrukturerade intervjuer, workshops och enkäter visar hur stödet i det konceptuella designstadiet kan bli mer användbart och användarvänlig. Den huvudsakliga forskningsluckan som tas upp här är att kunskap och relaterade färdigheter hos användaren av stödet inte har undersökts tillräckligt. Resultatet ger en beskrivning av kraven på de stöd som användaren behöver, föreslag på metoder och verktyg som baseras på de identifierade kraven och, viktigast av allt, den kunskap och de färdigheter som användaren av stödet behöver ha. Huvudbudskapet är att stöd kan utvidgas från att omfatta metoder och verktyg till att även inkludera behovet av kunskap och färdigheter hos designutövare, det vill säga användarna av supporten. Stödet från den akademiska världen till industrin kan också förstärkas genom att bli ett tvåvägsflöde som med en pragmatisk och tvärvetenskaplig strategi först och främst adresserar användarens behov.
Early Stages Of Designing Resource Efficient Offerings
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Author : Sergio Brambila-Macias
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2018-01-17
Early Stages Of Designing Resource Efficient Offerings written by Sergio Brambila-Macias and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-17 with categories.
The increasing use of natural resources and the pollution it causes calls for new ways of addressing customer needs. Additionally, a more uncertain and complex world also presents new challenges. In this thesis, these new challenges are tackled through inter and transdisciplinary research, which require more interaction across disciplines to tackle complex phenomena. The manner in which companies address customer needs starts from the designing (a multiplestakeholder perspective) of offerings where companies rely on different types of support (guidelines, standards, methods and tools). In this thesis, these offerings, include products, services, systems, and solutions. This plays an important role in the use of natural resources and its impact on the environment. In this Licentiate, I present results to show initial cues on how to design resource-efficient offerings, and more specifically their analysis and evaluation in the early stages of the design process. This type of offerings is suggested to be crucial for the circular economy, which can be understood as a paradigm shift towards sustainability. In this paradigm shift, designing is carried out by taking into account reuse, remanufacture and recycling of products as strategies by multiple stakeholders and companies. Other strategies include providing services, a function or a solution through dematerialization and transmaterialization. The methods used in this research are narrative and systematic literature reviews, thematic analysis and a case study. The results show a lack of interdisciplinary research in the academic literature in subjects relevant to the design of resource-efficient offerings. The results also show a need to clarify what transdisciplinary research entails. Moreover, current practice shows that support used by companies needs to consider several factors for it to be useful, for example, the vision of the company, participation of potential users of the support and everyday operations, among other characteristics. Finally, more practical support coming from academia is necessary to improve its use in industry.
Inclusion Of Sustainability Aspects In Product Development At Manufacturing Companies
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Author : Fredrik Paulson
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2018-12-19
Inclusion Of Sustainability Aspects In Product Development At Manufacturing Companies written by Fredrik Paulson and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-19 with categories.
Due to current consumption and production patterns of products, pressure on already constrained natural resources, an increasing global population, increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and reduced access to clean water globally, studying manufacturing companies’ inclusion of sustainability aspects in their product development becomes important. The aim of this thesis is to expand current knowledge on the inclusion of sustainability aspects in product development at manufacturing companies. More specifically, the expansion of current knowledge covers how manufacturing companies include sustainability aspects in product development, the challenges manufacturing companies may face when including sustainability aspects in product development, and the reasons for these challenges. To fulfil this aim, a literature study and a multiple case study were conducted at two international, listed, manufacturing companies in Sweden. Empirical data was collected using semi-structured interviews with two employees at each company and by analyzing the companies’ latest sustainability report. Empirical results include two context-dependent descriptions of how manufacturing companies include sustainability aspects in product development, 21 challenges the companies face, and 14 reasons for those challenges. Conclusions include: (1) the role of conventional methods when including sustainability aspects in product development has been largely ignored in prior research; (2) a company’s product owner influences the inclusion of sustainability aspects in product development, and in product requirements in particular; (3) the following three challenges are proposed incorporated in a comprehensive framework of challenges that has been developed in prior research: Making suppliers fulfil the sustainability requirements that are placed on them. Transforming sustainability aspects, or general goals, into measurable requirements that contribute to reduced environmental impact from products while at the same time contributing to competitive profit.Identifying how to reach economic goals more efficiently with a more sustainable initiative or solution than other initiatives.
Effective And Efficient Design And Provision Of Product Service Systems
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Author : Johannes Matschewsky
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2019-04-10
Effective And Efficient Design And Provision Of Product Service Systems written by Johannes Matschewsky and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-10 with categories.
The world manufacturing companies operate in is changing. In the past, these companies relied on the design and sale of products. Today, this linear model of business is becoming increasingly insufficient. As customers are more and more focused on their core business, buying and operating machinery and other goods becomes unattractive to them. In response to this, manufacturing companies are expanding their value capture into additional stages of the product lifecycle by providing integrated offerings of products and services — Product-Service Systems (PSSs). Designing and providing PSSs is fundamentally different from traditional product sales. Expanding to become a PSS provider is, therefore, challenging for companies with a history of designing and selling products. Departing from this, it is the aim of this thesis to support manufacturing companies in their expansion to effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs. The research reported has both descriptive and prescriptive properties, reflecting the goals of understanding the status quo in manufacturing companies’ practice and providing support based on this. To establish a point of departure, the current design and provision of two manufacturing companies expanding their business towards PSSs was investigated. From this, an in-depth understanding of the status quo and a number of challenges emerged. Based on this, the research had the goal to contribute to identifying and developing solutions to these challenges, with an initial focus on methods supporting PSS design and provision. However, although methods fitting to the challenges identified exist, they appear to receive limited uptake in manufacturing companies’ practice. In order to improve their practical utility, a structured method is proposed to assist users in both academia and practice in developing methods in a requirements-oriented fashion. The utility of methods in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of PSS design and provision is thereby to be enhanced. A particular challenge for manufacturing companies expanding to become PSS providers is the change in how value is captured: Resulting from the extensive involvement throughout the lifecycle, a need for a broader, multidimensional understanding of value capture was identified. However, the manufacturing companies investigated have been found to experience challenges in grasping this change, with a focus on a product sales-centric understanding of value capture remaining prevalent. To support companies towards reaping the benefits of the expansion to PSS design and provision, methods to explore how value is currently created and captured in the use phase and how to enhance the future value capture based on that information in the design phase have been developed and applied. As a result, broadly relevant value dimensions were attained, aiming to facilitate a lifecycle-focused, effective, and efficient design and provision of PSSs. Eventually, to broaden the understanding of effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs in practice today, the potential contributions of real-world PSSs to a circular economy were investigated based on an existing framework. The result was ambiguous, indicating both advancements compared to traditional sales and substantial room for improvement, particularly with a focus on the absolute decoupling of economic activity and resource use. Based on the synthesis of the research results, manufacturing companies are supported in their expansion to effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs — and towards a promising future.
Management Concepts And Organisational Behaviour
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Author : Dr. M. Indhumathi
language : en
Publisher: Thakur Publication Private Limited
Release Date : 2021-03-12
Management Concepts And Organisational Behaviour written by Dr. M. Indhumathi and has been published by Thakur Publication Private Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-12 with Education categories.
Management Concepts & Organisational Behaviour: MBA 1st Semester of Anna University, Chennai: Purchase the e-books for MBA 1st Semester of Anna University, Chennai, published by Thakur Publication, available on Google Play Books. These e-books are tailored to align with the curriculum of Anna University and cover all subjects. With their comprehensive content and user-friendly format, these e-books provide a valuable resource for MBA students. Access them easily on Google Play Books and enhance your learning experience today.
Strategic Human Resource Management In The Hospitality Industry A Digitalized Economic Paradigm
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Author : Kankaew, Kannapat
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2023-03-13
Strategic Human Resource Management In The Hospitality Industry A Digitalized Economic Paradigm written by Kankaew, Kannapat and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Human resources are critical within organizations, particularly in the modern world where technology can be acquired to produce the same quality of products. Today, in the context of the digitalized economy, hospitality organizations must ensure their human resources are evolving with the times to remain competitive. Strategic Human Resource Management in the Hospitality Industry: A Digitalized Economic Paradigm discusses strategic human resource management in the hospitality industry and sheds light on every aspect of human resource management in the hospitality industry globally, such as from selection, recruitment, training and development, performance management, compensation and benefit, and employee retention. Covering key topics such as technology integration, leadership, and tourism, this reference work is ideal for industry professionals, managers, business owners, administrators, policymakers, researchers, academicians, scholars, instructors, and students.
Straight And Level
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Author : Stephen Holloway
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-11-01
Straight And Level written by Stephen Holloway and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This title was first published in 2003.Airline operating profits are well known to be volatile, and the global industry aggregate figures conceal wide differences in performance between carriers. The fundamental reasons for the poor performance of the industry as a whole were in the early 1990's that output ran too far ahead of demand, and the yield earned on output sold was insufficient to cover costs. In strategic context, this second edition uses a simple yet powerful model to explore linkages between the fundamentals of airline economics and the volatility of industry results at the operating level. Its five parts look in turn at strategic context, supply side, demand side, network management and a general conclusion.
Introduction To Service Engineering
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Author : Waldemar Karwowski
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-01-12
Introduction To Service Engineering written by Waldemar Karwowski and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
What you need to know to engineer the global service economy. As customers and service providers create new value through globally interconnected service enterprises, service engineers are finding new opportunities to innovate, design, and manage the service operations and processes of the new service-based economy. Introduction to Service Engineering provides the tools and information a service engineer needs to fulfill this critical new role. The book introduces engineers as well as students to the fundamentals of the theory and practice of service engineering, covering the characteristics of service enterprises, service design and operations, customer service and service quality, web-based services, and innovations in service systems. Readers explore such key aspects of service engineering as: The role of service science in developing a smarter planet Service enterprises, including: enterprise value creation, architecture of service organizations, service enterprise modeling, and the application of methods of systems engineering to services Service design, including collaborative e-service systems and the new service development process Service operations and management, including service call centers Service quality, from design operations to customer relations Web-based services and technology in the global e-organization Innovation in service systems from service engineering to integrative solutions, service-oriented architecture solutions, and technology transfer streams With chapters written by fifty-seven specialists and edited by bestselling authors Gavriel Salvendy and Waldemar Karwowski, Introduction to Service Engineering uses numerous examples, problems, and real-world case studies to help readers master the knowledge and the skills required to succeed in service engineering.
Work Workflow And Information Systems
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Author : William B. Rouse
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2007
Work Workflow And Information Systems written by William B. Rouse and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume brings together several perspectives on the nature of work processes in enterprises and how information systems can best support these processes. The genesis of this idea was the shared interests of the authors in how enterprises improve and change. The shared belief is that change of enterprises relates to change of work processes and the success of such changes relates to how work processes are supported by information systems. Thus, the papers in this volume address both the nature of work and the design of information systems to support work. This volume is divided into two main sections: work and workflow, and information systems. There are three papers in each section. The disciplines represented across these six papers include management, engineering, computing, and architecture. These four disciplines pursue work, workflow, and information systems from quite different perspectives - management to represent business practices and processes, engineering to represent the physical flows in the system, computing to represent the information flows, and architecture to represent human flows within and among physical spaces. Enterprises, of course, include all these types of flows.