Human Reasoning And Cognitive Science
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Human Reasoning And Cognitive Science
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Author : Keith Stenning
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-01-13
Human Reasoning And Cognitive Science written by Keith Stenning and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-13 with Medical categories.
A new proposal for integrating the employment of formal and empirical methods in the study of human reasoning. In Human Reasoning and Cognitive Science, Keith Stenning and Michiel van Lambalgen—a cognitive scientist and a logician—argue for the indispensability of modern mathematical logic to the study of human reasoning. Logic and cognition were once closely connected, they write, but were “divorced” in the past century; the psychology of deduction went from being central to the cognitive revolution to being the subject of widespread skepticism about whether human reasoning really happens outside the academy. Stenning and van Lambalgen argue that logic and reasoning have been separated because of a series of unwarranted assumptions about logic. Stenning and van Lambalgen contend that psychology cannot ignore processes of interpretation in which people, wittingly or unwittingly, frame problems for subsequent reasoning. The authors employ a neurally implementable defeasible logic for modeling part of this framing process, and show how it can be used to guide the design of experiments and interpret results.
The Enigma Of Reason
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Author : Dan Sperber
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2017-04-06
The Enigma Of Reason written by Dan Sperber and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-06 with Psychology categories.
GUARDIAN BOOKS OF THE YEAR 2017 'Original and provocative ... likely to have a big impact on our understanding of ourselves' Steven Pinker 'Mercier and Sperber offer a surprising and powerful response to the new orthodoxy propounded by Kahneman and Tversky ... arguing that the supposed flaws of hot, fast, automatic thinking are actually design features which work remarkably well' Julian Baggini Reason, we are told, is what makes us human, the source of our knowledge and wisdom. But, if reason is so useful, why didn't it also evolve in other animals? If it is that reliable, why do we produce so much thoroughly reasoned nonsense? In their ground-breaking account of the evolution and workings of reason, Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber set out to solve this double enigma, taking us on a journey from desert ants to modern scientists, and from Aristotle to Daniel Kahneman. Reason, they argue with a compelling mix of real-life and experimental evidence, is not geared to solitary use, to arriving at better beliefs and decisions on our own. What reason does, rather, is help us justify our beliefs and actions to others, convince them through argumentation, and evaluate the justifications and arguments that they address to us. In other words, reason has evolved to help humans better exploit their uniquely rich social environment. This illuminating interpretation of reason makes sense of strengths and weaknesses that have long puzzled philosophers and psychologists - why reason is biased in favour of what we already believe, why it may lead to terrible ideas and yet is indispensable to spreading good ones. Ambitious, provocative, and entertaining, The Enigma of Reason will spark debate among psychologists and philosophers, and make many reasonable people rethink their own thinking.
Abduction In Cognition And Action
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Author : John R. Shook
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-29
Abduction In Cognition And Action written by John R. Shook and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-29 with Philosophy categories.
This book gathers together novel essays on the state-of-the-art research into the logic and practice of abduction. In many ways, abduction has become established and essential to several fields, such as logic, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, philosophy of science, and methodology. In recent years this interest in abduction’s many aspects and functions has accelerated. There are evidently several different interpretations and uses for abduction. Many fundamental questions on abduction remain open. How is abduction manifested in human cognition and intelligence? What kinds or types of abduction can be discerned? What is the role for abduction in inquiry and mathematical discovery? The chapters aim at providing answer to these and other current questions. Their contributors have been at the forefront of discussions on abduction, and offer here their updated approaches to the issues that they consider central to abduction’s contemporary relevance. The book is an essential reading for any scholar or professional keeping up with disciplines impacted by the study of abductive reasoning, and its novel development and applications in various fields.
Bias In Human Reasoning
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Author : Jonathan St. B. T. Evans
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1990
Bias In Human Reasoning written by Jonathan St. B. T. Evans and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Psychology categories.
This work attempts to provide an integrated account of the evidence for bias in human reasoning across a wide range of disparate psychological literatures.
Metareasoning
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Author : Michael T. Cox
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2011
Metareasoning written by Michael T. Cox and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Computers categories.
Experts report on the latest artificial intelligence research concerning reasoning about reasoning itself.
Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Author : Mike Oaksford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Rationality In An Uncertain World written by Mike Oaksford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Cognitive psychology categories.
Neural Symbolic Cognitive Reasoning
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Author : Artur S. D'Avila Garcez
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009
Neural Symbolic Cognitive Reasoning written by Artur S. D'Avila Garcez and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Computers categories.
This book explores why, regarding practical reasoning, humans are sometimes still faster than artificial intelligence systems. It is the first to offer a self-contained presentation of neural network models for many computer science logics.
Mental Models
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Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1983
Mental Models written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Psychology categories.
This book offers a unified theory of the major propertries of mind, including comprehension, inference, and consciousness. The author argues that we apprehend the world by building inner mental replicas of the relationships among objects and events that concern us. The mind is essentially a model-building device that can itself be modeled on a computer. The book provides a blueprint for building such a model and numberous important illustrations of how to do it.
Bayesian Rationality
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Author : Mike Oaksford
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2007-02-22
Bayesian Rationality written by Mike Oaksford and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-02-22 with Philosophy categories.
For almost 2,500 years, the Western concept of what is to be human has been dominated by the idea that the mind is the seat of reason - humans are, almost by definition, the rational animal. In this text a more radical suggestion for explaining these puzzling aspects of human reasoning is put forward.