Hutu And Tutsi
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Hutu And Tutsi
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Author : Aimable Twagilimana
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis US
Release Date : 1998
Hutu And Tutsi written by Aimable Twagilimana and has been published by Taylor & Francis US this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Surveys the culture, history, and contemporary life of the two groups involved in the tragic civil war in Rwanda, the Hutu and the Tutsi.
The Rwandan Genocide
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Author : Zoe Lowery
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2016-07-15
The Rwandan Genocide written by Zoe Lowery and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-15 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
In Rwanda, a small but populous country in Africa, a ghastly genocide started on April 6, 1994. Although it lasted only one hundred days, almost a million people were slaughtered by its end. This illuminating resource reviews one of the most horrible genocides in history, explaining the definition of genocide itself. Readers will learn about Rwanda's history, with a focus on the events that led to those terrible days. The book is rounded out with a brief look at post-genocide Rwanda, as the country copes and the people take back their lives after such a terrible tragedy.
Burundi The Hutu And The Tutsi Cauldron Of Conflict And Quest For Dynamic Compromise
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2012-05
Burundi The Hutu And The Tutsi Cauldron Of Conflict And Quest For Dynamic Compromise written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05 with Social Science categories.
This work looks at conflicts between the Hutu and the Tutsi in Burundi. It is also a profile of the Hutu and the Tutsi as a people. They are two social groups which claim separate identities on ethnic or tribal basis although they speak the same language and have the same culture. The work also looks at conflicts in eastern Congo which led to the downfall of President Mobutu Sese Seko of what was then known as Zaire. The author also looks at attempts by regional neighbours to resolve the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi in Burundi, especially the role played by Tanzania and its former president, Julius Nyerere, who was the chief mediator. Most of Burundi's exports and imports go through Tanzania, giving the country leverage as the main facilitator of the peace process which sometimes has involved economic sanctions against Burundi. The conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi is one of Africa's intractable problems. It is also one of the oldest in the post-colonial era. The book sheds some light on the complex situation in Burundi and on relations between the two groups. It also provides some insights into what can be done to resolve one of Africa's perennial problems. It can also be helpful to those who are trying to learn about Burundi for the first time. Students of African studies may also find this work to be useful.
Killing Neighbors
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Author : Lee Ann Fujii
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2011-07-07
Killing Neighbors written by Lee Ann Fujii and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-07 with Political Science categories.
In the horrific events of the mid-1990s in Rwanda, tens of thousands of Hutu killed their Tutsi friends, neighbors, even family members. That ghastly violence has overshadowed a fact almost as noteworthy: that hundreds of thousands of Hutu killed no one. In a transformative revisiting of the motives behind and specific contexts surrounding the Rwandan genocide, Lee Ann Fujii focuses on individual actions rather than sweeping categories. Fujii argues that ethnic hatred and fear do not satisfactorily explain the mobilization of Rwandans one against another. Fujii's extensive interviews in Rwandan prisons and two rural communities form the basis for her claim that mass participation in the genocide was not the result of ethnic antagonisms. Rather, the social context of action was critical. Strong group dynamics and established local ties shaped patterns of recruitment for and participation in the genocide. This web of social interactions bound people to power holders and killing groups. People joined and continued to participate in the genocide over time, Fujii shows, because killing in large groups conferred identity on those who acted destructively. The perpetrators of the genocide produced new groups centered on destroying prior bonds by killing kith and kin.
Civil Wars In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2013
Civil Wars In Rwanda And Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with History categories.
This is a historical survey and analysis of some of the bloodiest conflicts in modern times. The civil wars in Rwanda and Burundi, twin states in the Great Lakes region of East Africa, are often explained in simplistic terms even by some political pundits as mere tribal wars, rooted in anciet hatred, between the Hutu and the Tutsi. Ethnicity is indeed a factor. But of paramount importance in this conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi, in both countries, is the struggle for power although with "racial" overtones, and the exclusion of the Hutu majority from meaningful participation in the political process. Therefore the conflicts are not tribal wars but political statements as well, probably more than anything else; what Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa aptly described as "military expressions of political intent." In this comprehensive study, the author also addresses one of the most controversial subjects today: conflict resolution in Africa. There are no easy answers, but the author attempts to provide some of them. He covers as much ground as possible, trying to come up with solutions not only to the wars in Africa's Great Lakes region, but in other parts of the continent as well.
Identity Politics And Ethnic Conflicts In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2012
Identity Politics And Ethnic Conflicts In Rwanda And Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Social Science categories.
This work looks at conflicts between the Hutu and the Tutsi in Rwanda and Burundi. The conflicts between the two groups have sometimes been characterised as ethnic, although neither group has fundamental attributes of ethnicity or ethnic identity which separate one from the other. They have the same culture. They speak the same language. And they have had a common history during the past 400 years. They have intermingled and have intermarried for so long since the Tutsi arrived in the region about 400 years ago that whatever differences existed between them in the past in terms of culture, identity, and biology have been erased. Yet they do exist as distinct social groups. They maintain separate group identities, as Hutus and as Tutsis, mainly because of the asymmetrical relationship between them. Inequity of power has solidified those identities. Historically, the Tutsi minority have been the rulers. Their status as the dominant group was enhanced during colonial rule when the Belgians favoured and recognised them as the traditional rulers, superior to the Hutu, thus legitimising inequalities between the two groups. The differences between them were even given official sanction. And the subordinate status of the Hutu majority was used by the Belgians to justify discrimination against them in terms of employment and educational opportunities while favouring the Tutsi. The conflict between the two groups is rooted in inequity of power, fuelled by stereotypes against the Hutu majority. Domination of the Hutu majority by the Tutsi minority, which started before the advent of colonial rule, has also solidified ethnic identities of the two groups through the years. A shared consciousness among the members of each group and their distinctiveness - each seeing themselves as different from the other - have also played a major role in the evolution and consolidation of these separate identities.
The Rwanda Crisis
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Author : Gérard Prunier
language : en
Publisher: C. HURST & CO. PUBLISHERS
Release Date : 1998
The Rwanda Crisis written by Gérard Prunier and has been published by C. HURST & CO. PUBLISHERS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with History categories.
Offering an up-to-date historical perspective which should enable readers to fathom how the brutal massacres of 800,000 Rwandese came to pass in 1994, this volume includes a new chapter that brings the analysis up to the end of 1996. Gerard Prunier probes into how the genocidal events in Rwanda were part of a deadly logic - a plan that served central political and economic interests - rather than a result of primordial tribal hatreds, a notion often invoked by the media to dramatize genocide.
Blood Papa
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Author : Jean Hatzfeld
language : en
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Release Date : 2018-08-21
Blood Papa written by Jean Hatzfeld and has been published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-21 with History categories.
The continuation of a groundbreaking study of the Rwandan genocide, and the story of the survivor generation In Rwanda from April to June 1994, 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by their Hutu neighbors in the largest and swiftest genocide since World War II. In his previous books, Jean Hatzfeld has documented the lives of the killers and victims, but after twenty years he has found that the enormity of understanding doesn’t stop with one generation. In Blood Papa, Hatzfeld returns to the hills and marshes of Nyamata to ask what has become of the children—those who never saw the machetes yet have grown up in the shadow of tragedy. Fabrice, Sandra, Jean-Pierre, and others share the genocide as a common inheritance. Some have known only their parents’ silence and lies, enduring the harassment of classmates or the stigma of a father jailed for unspeakable crimes. Others have enjoyed a loving home and the sympathies offered to survivor children, but do so without parents or an extended family. The young Rwandans in Blood Papa see each other in the neighborhood—they dance and gossip, frequent the same cafés, and, like teenagers everywhere, love sports, music, and fashion; they surf the Web and dream of marriage. Yet Hutu and Tutsi children rarely speak of the ghosts that haunt their lives. Here their moving first-person accounts combined with Hatzfeld’s arresting chronicles of everyday life form a testament to survival in a country devastated by the terrible crimes and trauma of the past.
When Victims Become Killers
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Author : Mahmood Mamdani
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-28
When Victims Become Killers written by Mahmood Mamdani and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-28 with History categories.
An incisive look at the causes and consequences of the Rwandan genocide "When we captured Kigali, we thought we would face criminals in the state; instead, we faced a criminal population." So a political commissar in the Rwanda Patriotic Front reflected after the 1994 massacre of as many as one million Tutsis in Rwanda. Underlying his statement was the realization that, though ordered by a minority of state functionaries, the slaughter was performed by hundreds of thousands of ordinary citizens, including judges, doctors, priests, and friends. Rejecting easy explanations of the Rwandan genocide as a mysterious evil force that was bizarrely unleashed, When Victims Become Killers situates the tragedy in its proper context. Mahmood Mamdani coaxes to the surface the historical, geographical, and political forces that made it possible for so many Hutus to turn so brutally on their neighbors. In so doing, Mamdani usefully broadens understandings of citizenship and political identity in postcolonial Africa and provides a direction for preventing similar future tragedies.
Rwanda Before The Genocide
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Author : J. J. Carney
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-07
Rwanda Before The Genocide written by J. J. Carney and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07 with History categories.
Winner of the Bethwell A. Ogot Book Prize of the African Studies Association Between 1920 and 1994, the Catholic Church was Rwanda's most dominant social and religious institution. In recent years, the church has been critiqued for its perceived complicity in the ethnic discourse and political corruption that culminated with the 1994 genocide. In analyzing the contested legacy of Catholicism in Rwanda, Rwanda Before the Genocide focuses on a critical decade, from 1952 to 1962, when Hutu and Tutsi identities became politicized, essentialized, and associated with political violence. This study--the first English-language church history on Rwanda in over 30 years--examines the reactions of Catholic leaders such as the Swiss White Father André Perraudin and Aloys Bigirumwami, Rwanda's first indigenous bishop. It evaluates Catholic leaders' controversial responses to ethnic violence during the revolutionary changes of 1959-62 and after Rwanda's ethnic massacres in 1963-64, 1973, and the early 1990s. In seeking to provide deeper insight into the many-threaded roots of the Rwandan genocide, Rwanda Before the Genocide offers constructive lessons for Christian ecclesiology and social ethics in Africa and beyond.