Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer Studies In High Pressure Gas Liquid And Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization
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Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer Studies In High Pressure Gas Liquid And Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization
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Author : Wai Man R. Lau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer Studies In High Pressure Gas Liquid And Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization written by Wai Man R. Lau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Fluidization categories.
Abstract: Slurry bubble columns and gas-solid fluidized bed reactors are some of the most commonly used industrial processes. Considerable interests have been recognized in the field of physical, chemical, petrochemical, electrochemical, and biochemical operations (Fan, 1989). In these reactor systems, large axial dispersion of phases and high flow patterns can be achieved by the excellent macromixing characteristics. It also provides excellent heat and mass transfer without the aid of external mechanisms and relatively easy operation. Despite the advantages of operations, the transport behavior in these systems is very complex and a comprehensive knowledge of the hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer and mixing are required for successful application of these systems. Some aspects of the fundamental characteristics of evaporative liquid jets in gas-liquid-solid flows are studied and some pertinent literature is reviewed. It is found that the injection of an evaporative liquid jet decreases the minimum fluidization velocity at a high pressure due to the additional gas flow generated from liquid evaporation. Fluidizing gas velocities have no significant effect on the jet penetration length in a dense phase fluidized bed while it reduces the radial dispersed distance of the evaporative liquid. The tomographic images of liquid nitrogen injection in a dense phase fluidized bed indicate a distribution of reduced bubble sizes compared to a dry bed. The hydrodynamics, gas-liquid mass transfer properties and liquid entrainment phenomena in a high pressure and high temperature bubble column is investigated. Effects of pressure on hydrodynamics and mass transfer properties are mainly through the change in gas and liquid physical properties, which in turn changes the bubble dynamics that govern the transport phenomena. Experimental results show that liquid velocities have a direct influence on kl while other factors have a dominant effect on the interfacial area over kl. Liquid entrainment in bubble columns is controlled by the droplet formation during bubble bursting at interface. Effect of pressure on liquid entrainment is to due to the higher drag force exerted on the liquid droplet with higher gas density and the formation of smaller droplet by the smaller bubbles at high pressure.
Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization Engineering
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Author : Liang-Shih Fan
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Gas Liquid Solid Fluidization Engineering written by Liang-Shih Fan and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book provides a comprehensive mechanistic interpretation of the transport phenomena involved in various basic modes of gas-liquid-solid fluidization. These modes include, for example, those for three-phase fluidized beds, slurry columns, turbulent contact absorbers, and three-phase fluidized beds, slurry columns, turbulent contact absorbers, and three-phase transport. It summarizes the empirical correlations useful for predicting transport properties for each mode of of operation.Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidization Engineering provides a comprehensive account of the state-of-the-art applications of the three-phase fluidization systems that are important in both small-and large-scale operations. These applications include fermentation,biological wastewater treatment, flue gas desulfurization and particulates removal, and resid hydrotreating. This book highlights the industrial implications of these applications. In addition, it discusses information gaps and future directions forresearch in this field.
Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer In Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns
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Author : Subrata Kumar Majumder
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-01-02
Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer In Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns written by Subrata Kumar Majumder and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-02 with Science categories.
Slurry bubble column reactors are intensively used as a multiphase reactor in the chemical, biochemical, and petrochemical industries for carrying out reactions and mass transfer operations in which a gas, made up of one or several reactive components, comes into contact or reacts with a liquid. This volume describes the hydrodynamics of three-phase gas-liquid-solid flow in a downflow slurry bubble column. The efficiency of the downflow gas interacting system is characterized by the self-entrainment of secondary gas. The book covers the gas entrainment phenomena, gas holdup characteristics, pressure drop, gasliquid mixing characteristics, bubble size distribution, interfacial phenomena, and the mass transfer phenomena in the downflow slurry system. This volume will be useful in chemical and biochemical industries and in industrial research and development sectors, as well as in advanced education courses in this area. The book will be helpful for further understanding the multiphase behavior in gas interacting multiphase systems for research and development. The hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics discussed will be useful in the design and installation of the modified slurry bubble column in industry for specific applications.
Hydrodynamics Of Gas Solids Fluidization
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Author : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 1984
Hydrodynamics Of Gas Solids Fluidization written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Science categories.
Essentials Of Fluidization Technology
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Author : John R. Grace
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-06-15
Essentials Of Fluidization Technology written by John R. Grace and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A concise and clear treatment of the fundamentals of fluidization, with a view to its applications in the process and energy industries.
Hydrodynamics Of Gas Liquid Reactors
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Author : Barry Azzopardi
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-05-12
Hydrodynamics Of Gas Liquid Reactors written by Barry Azzopardi and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The design of chemical reactors and their safety are as critical to the success of a chemical process as the actual chemistry taking place within the reactor. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the practical aspects of multiphase reactor design and operation with an emphasis on safety and clean technology. It considers not only standard operation conditions, but also the problems of runaway reaction conditions and protection against ensuing over-pressure. Hydrodynamics of Multiphase Reactors addresses both practical and theoretical aspects of this topic. Initial chapters discuss various different types of gas/liquid reactors from a practical viewpoint, and later chapters focus on the modelling of multiphase systems and computational methods for reactor design and problem solving. The material is written by experts in their specific fields and will include chapters on the following topics: Multiphase flow, Bubble columns, Sparged stirred vessels, Macroscale modelling, Microscale modelling, Runaway conditions, Behaviour of vessel contents, Choked flow, Measurement techniques.
Micro Fluidization
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Author : Guangwen Xu
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-05-26
Micro Fluidization written by Guangwen Xu and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fluidization of solid particles is a disciplinary branch of chemical engineering with rich scientific connotations and vast industrial applications. It is the significantly important science and technology widely used in solids handling, processing, and chemical conversion (catalytically or non-catalytically) in many process industries. As it is so useful in many commercial applications, fluidization has received considerable attention over the years, and many peer-reviewed papers, conference proceedings, and technical books have been published. However, all the books published so far emphasized on large-scale fluidized beds, none of them on micro fluidized beds. In recent years, microchemical technology has become a hotspot of rapid growing research, which has attracted increasing attention from both academy and industry. However, the research efforts have been devoted to continuous-fluid reactors - microchannel or microfluidic reactors. These microstructured reactors process or manipulate tiny amounts of fluids (gas or liquid) continuously using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. For many industrial chemical reactions involving solid particles, these microreactors cannot handle them, thus there is a need to research and develop microreactors for applications in which solid particles are involved and fluidized. In fact, there are many recent studies devoted to size-miniatured fluidized bed reactors. Research has demonstrated that as the fluidized bed reactor is reduced in size, such phenomena as hydrodynamics, fluid/solids mixing, diffusion, heat and mass transfer, and reactor performance show distinctive and superior characteristics as compared to large-size fluidized bed reactors. Despite the scientific importance and application potential, micro fluidized bed reactors have received far less attention than microchannel reactors. This fact led us to write this book, aiming to promote the rapid development of this promising technology. In this first-ever monograph on micro fluidized beds, the authors will systematically and comprehensively summarize the characteristics of the technology. The book is prepared in three parts. In the first part, we will provide a short description of the background and history of the micro fluidized bed research and development. Then, we will devote to summarizing and analyzing the hydrodynamic characteristics of gas-solid micro fluidized beds. We will present detailed research results of delayed onsets of minimum, bubbling, and slugging fluidization regimes, as well as of the advanced transitions to turbulent and fast fluidization regimes. Based on these results, the wall effects - the key mechanism resulting in the unique behavior of micro fluidization - are comprehensively analyzed. Following, we discuss gas and solids mixing characteristics in terms of gas residence time distribution, gas backmixing, and solids mixing. We show that the major characteristic of micro fluidized bed is the near-plug flow of fluid in the bed. This character defines the distinctions between micro fluidized beds and macro fluidized beds. Furthermore, fluidization regime maps are developed to define fluidization regimes and their transitions in micro fluidized beds. In the second part of the book, we focus on presentations of the so-called micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer (MFBRA) - a powerful tool for catalyst screening, process development, optimization of reaction parameters, studies of reaction mechanism and kinetics, among many other purposes. We describe in detail the MFBRA's system design characteristics, analytic methodologies, and various applications in thermochemical and catalytic reaction analysis. We will also present examples to show how the MFBRA helped the development, design, and commercialization of several industrial processes. In the third part of the book, we present recent investigations of liquid-solid, and gas-liquid-solid micro fluidization systems. Hydrodynamics, mass transfer, and wide applications of these micro fluidized beds are discussed. Lastly, we will present future prospects for the development, research, and application of micro fluidized beds. Up-to-date information (all related research results and insights) on micro fluidized beds are comprehensively summarized and analysed. The unique characteristics of micro fluidized beds are described and explained. Detailed fundamental aspects and applications related to gas-solids, liquid-solids, and gas-liquid-solids micro fluidized beds are covered Up-to-date and potential applications of micro fluidized beds are outlined with details of application characteristics. Examples are provided to show how micro fluidized beds can serve researchers with their unique capabilities: 1) obtain near-intrinsic reaction kinetics; 2) decode the true reaction mechanism; 3) accelerate catalyst screening; and 4) develop new reaction processes Micro fluidized beds as both a powerful analytic tool and an advanced micro reactor are demonstrated with several cases studies, in which micro fluidized beds have played a prominent role in resolution of scientific fundamental problems and development of advanced innovative processes
Gas Liquid Solid Foam Reactors
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Author : Stemmet
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Gas Liquid Solid Foam Reactors written by Stemmet and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Gas Fluidization
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Author : M. Pell
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Gas Fluidization written by M. Pell and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is a much-needed fluidization handbook for practising engineers. There are few plants which do not have a fluid bed process operating somewhere on the site, yet engineers rarely have any formal training in the subject. College courses often emphasize academic issues rather than industrial needs, and a study of the literature reveals an overwhelming abundance of correlations and experimental data.As this is a practical book, the author has minimized theoretical development of fundamental equations in favor of giving correlations which have been developed for large scale equipment. In some cases, where several correlations might apply, the author has chosen one or two which work best according to his own experience. Design procedures are described which should assist the designer and the operator of fluid beds to improve his process and to avoid some often-encountered pitfalls. The material will also be useful as a supplementary text to a course on fluidization, the emphasis on commercial design being a stimulating counterpoint to a strongly academic viewpoint.
Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer In Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns
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Author : Subrata Kumar Majumder
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-01-02
Hydrodynamics And Mass Transfer In Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns written by Subrata Kumar Majumder and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-02 with Science categories.
Slurry bubble column reactors are intensively used as a multiphase reactor in the chemical, biochemical, and petrochemical industries for carrying out reactions and mass transfer operations in which a gas, made up of one or several reactive components, comes into contact or reacts with a liquid. This volume describes the hydrodynamics of three-phase gas-liquid-solid flow in a downflow slurry bubble column. The efficiency of the downflow gas interacting system is characterized by the self-entrainment of secondary gas. The book covers the gas entrainment phenomena, gas holdup characteristics, pressure drop, gasliquid mixing characteristics, bubble size distribution, interfacial phenomena, and the mass transfer phenomena in the downflow slurry system. This volume will be useful in chemical and biochemical industries and in industrial research and development sectors, as well as in advanced education courses in this area. The book will be helpful for further understanding the multiphase behavior in gas interacting multiphase systems for research and development. The hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics discussed will be useful in the design and installation of the modified slurry bubble column in industry for specific applications.