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Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years

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Author : Leandro Medina
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-01-25

Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years written by Leandro Medina and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.

We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.

The Return Of The Policy That Shall Not Be Named Principles Of Industrial Policy

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Author : Reda Cherif
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-03-26

The Return Of The Policy That Shall Not Be Named Principles Of Industrial Policy written by Reda Cherif and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-26 with Business & Economics categories.

Industrial policy is tainted with bad reputation among policymakers and academics and is often viewed as the road to perdition for developing economies. Yet the success of the Asian Miracles with industrial policy stands as an uncomfortable story that many ignore or claim it cannot be replicated. Using a theory and empirical evidence, we argue that one can learn more from miracles than failures. We suggest three key principles behind their success: (i) the support of domestic producers in sophisticated industries, beyond the initial comparative advantage; (ii) export orientation; and (iii) the pursuit of fierce competition with strict accountability.

Imf Working Papers

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Author : David Hauner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Imf Working Papers written by David Hauner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Electronic books categories.

A Survey Of Research On Retail Central Bank Digital Currency

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Author : Mr.John Kiff
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2020-06-26

A Survey Of Research On Retail Central Bank Digital Currency written by Mr.John Kiff and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper examines key considerations around central bank digital currency (CBDC) for use by the general public, based on a comprehensive review of recent research, central bank experiments, and ongoing discussions among stakeholders. It looks at the reasons why central banks are exploring retail CBDC issuance, policy and design considerations; legal, governance and regulatory perspectives; plus cybersecurity and other risk considerations. This paper makes a contribution to the CBDC literature by suggesting a structured framework to organize discussions on whether or not to issue CBDC, with an operational focus and a project management perspective.

International Monetary Fund Imf Working Papers In Full Text

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :

International Monetary Fund Imf Working Papers In Full Text written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Provides access to the full texts of working papers from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Notes the title, author, series title, and publication date for each entry. Offers access to a site search engine, ordering information, and information on other IMF publications. Links to the IMF home page.

Imf Working Papers

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