Immunological Synapse
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Immunological Synapse
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Author : Takashi Saito
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-03
Immunological Synapse written by Takashi Saito and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-03 with Medical categories.
The proper physiological functioning of most eukaryotic cells requires their assembly into multi-cellular tissues that form organized organ systems. Cells of the immune system develop in bone marrow and lymphoid organs, but as the cells mature they leave these organs and circulate as single cells. Antigen receptors (TCRs) of T cells search for membrane MHC proteins that are bound to peptides derived from infectious pathogens or cellular transformations. The detection of such speci?c peptide–MHC antigens initiates T cell activation, adhesion, and immune-effectors functions. Studies of normal and transformed T cell lines and of T cells from transgenic mice led to comprehensive understanding of the mole- lar basis of antigen-receptor recognition and signaling. In spite of these remarkable genetic and biochemical advances, other key physiological mechanisms that par- cipate in sensing and decoding the immune context to induce the appropriate cellular immune responses remain unresolved. TCRrecognition is tightly regulated to trigger sensitive but balanced T cell responses that result in the effective elimination of the pathogens while minimizing collateral damage to the host. The sensitivity of TCR recognition has to be properly tempered to prevent unintended activation by self-peptide–MHC complexes that cause autoimmune diseases. It is likely that once the TCR is engaged by a peptide– MHC and TCR signaling begins, additional regulatory mechanisms, involving other receptors, would increase the ?delity of the response.
The Immunological Synapse Part C
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2025-02-06
The Immunological Synapse Part C written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-06 with Science categories.
The Immunological Synapse - Part C, Volume 193 in the Methods in Cell Biology series provides state-of-the-art and detailed methods for the study of the T cell, natural killer (NK) cell and B cell immunological synapses. Topics covered in this third volume include tau-STED microscopy for 3D-quantitative colocalization of lytic granule markers, image processing approaches for 3D-analysis of markers and for microtubule remodeling quantification at the immunological synapse, flow cytometry to analyze NK cell-target cell conjugation, imaging flow cytometry to quantify a range of different subcellular processes at the immunological synapse, imaging techniques aimed at quantitatively analyzing B cell immunological synapse formation, quantification of force-mediated antigen extraction in the B cell immune synapse using DNA-based tension sensors, measuring interaction forces between T lymphocytes and their target cells using live microscopy and laminar shear flow chambers, measuring interaction kinetics between T cells and their target tumor cells with optical tweezers, and gauging antigen recognition by human primary T-cells featuring orthotopically exchanged TCRs of choice. Additionally, this volume includes methods to isolate and characterize primary NK cells and enrich the KIR2DL1+ population, and to expand γδ T cells and evaluate their cytotoxicity. - Covers various methods related to the study of the immunological synapse - Includes detailed, point-by-point, methods as well as various important notes - Provides the authority and expertise from an international board of leading scientists
The Immunological Synapse Part B
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-07-27
The Immunological Synapse Part B written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-27 with Science categories.
The Immunological Synapse - Part B, Volume 178 in the Methods in Cell Biology series provides state-of-the-art methods for the study of the immunological synapse. This first volume covers various aspects on T cell and natural killer (NK) cell synapses, including imaging polarized granule release using TIRF microscopy, analysis of actin reorganization and centrosome polarization, redirected degranulation, live cell-imaging to quantify cytotoxic and chemotactic dynamics, quantification of interactions between APCs and T cells, assessment of membrane lipid state at the immunological synapse, proteomic analysis and imaging of NK-tumor cell interaction, evaluating natural killer cell effector functions against breast cancer cells derived from human tumor tissue, evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified cell immunological synapse quality using the glass-supported planar lipid bilayer, and monitoring potency of therapeutic CAR T cells. It also includes one chapter on quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, and one chapter on the murine antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis assay. - Covers various methods related to the study of the immunological synapse - Includes detailed, point-by-point, methods as well as various important notes - Provides the authority and expertise from an international board of leading scientists
The Immunological Synapse Part A
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-01-16
The Immunological Synapse Part A written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-16 with Science categories.
The Immunological Synapse, Part A, Volume 173 in the Methods in Cell Biology series provides state-of-the-art methods for the study of the immunological synapse. Sections cover Imaging polarized granule release at the cytotoxic T cell immunological synapse using TIRF microscopy: control by polarity regulators, Analysis of centrosomal area actin reorganization and centrosome polarization upon lymphocyte activation at the immunological synapse, P815-based redirected degranulation assay to study human NK cell effector functions, Cytotoxic and Chemotactic Dynamics of Natural Killer Cells Quantified by Live-cell Imaging, Quantification of interaction frequency between antigen-presenting cells and T cells by conjugation assay, and more. Other chapters focus on the Study of the Effects of NK-Tumor Cell Interaction by Proteomic Analysis and Imaging, Quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, Quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus specific T cells and LCMV viral titers, An in vitro model to monitor natural killer cell effector functions against primary breast cancer, and Standardized Protocol for the Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-modified Cell Immunological Synapse Quality using the Glass-supported Planar L. - Covers various methods related to the study of the immunological synapse - Includes detailed, point-by-point, methods as well as various important notes - Provides the authority and expertise from an international board of leading scientists
Molecular Dynamics At The Immunological Synapse
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Author : Pedro Roda-Navarro
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-03-21
Molecular Dynamics At The Immunological Synapse written by Pedro Roda-Navarro and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-21 with categories.
The immunological synapse (IS) is a specialised cell-cell adhesion that mediates antigen acquisition and regulates the activation of lymphocytes. Initial studies of the IS showed a structure composed of stable supra-molecular activation clusters (SMAC) organised during the interaction of helper T lymphocytes with B lymphocytes, working as antigen presenting cells. A central SMAC of coalesced T cell receptors (TCRs) and a peripheral SMAC for cell-cell adhesion were observed. IS with similar structure was later described during antigen acquisition by B cells and during the interaction of NK cells with target and healthy cells. More recent research developed with microscopy systems that improve the spatial and temporal resolution has showed the complex molecular dynamics at the IS that governs lymphocyte activation. Currently, the IS is seen as a three-dimensional structure where signalling networks for lymphocyte activation and endosomal and cytoskeleton machinery are polarised. A view has emerged in which dynamic microclusters of signalling complexes are composed of molecular components attached to the plasma membrane and other components conveyed on sub-synaptic vesicles transported to the membrane by cytoskeletal fibers and motor proteins. Much information is nonetheless missing about how the dynamics of the endosomal compartment, the cytoskeleton, and signalling complexes are reciprocally regulated to achieve the function of lymphocytes. Experimental evidence also suggests that the environment surrounding lymphocytes exposed to different antigenic challenge regulates IS assembly and functional output, making an even more complex scenario still far from being completely understood. Also, although some signalling molecular components for lymphocyte activation have been identified and thoroughly studied, the function of other molecules has not been yet uncovered or deeply characterised. This research topic aims to provide the reader with the latest information about the molecular dynamics governing lymphocyte activation. These molecular dynamics dictate cell decisions. Thus, we expect that understanding them will provide new avenues for cell manipulation in therapies to treat different immune-related pathologies.
The Immune Synapse As A Novel Target For Therapy
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Author : Luis Graca
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-18
The Immune Synapse As A Novel Target For Therapy written by Luis Graca and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-18 with Medical categories.
This volume gives an overview on the progress in immune synapse research, from basic science to clinical trials, and the major mechanisms involved. It discusses how interfering with T cell activation may lead to immune tolerance, immune modulation, and the recruitment of regulatory T cells; the role of monoclonal antibodies in tolerance induction; and mechanisms maintaining dominant tolerance.
The Immune Synapse
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Author : Cosima T. Baldari
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-04-27
The Immune Synapse written by Cosima T. Baldari and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-27 with Science categories.
This new collection features the most up-to-date essential protocols that are currently being used to study the immune synapse. Beginning with methods for making biophysical measurements, the volume continues by covering the cell biology of synapses, methods for advanced substrate engineering, mechanobiology topics, new technologies to describe and manipulate synaptic components, as well as methods related to sites of action and immunotherapy. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and fully updated, The Immune Synapse: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal practical guide for researchers working in this dynamic field. Chapters 5, 11, 18, 27, 30, and 32 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Fundamental Immunology
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Author : William E. Paul
language : en
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Release Date : 2008
Fundamental Immunology written by William E. Paul and has been published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Medical categories.
Now thoroughly revised and updated, this comprehensive, up-to-date text is ideal for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, microbiologists, infectious disease physicians, and any physician who treats diseases in which immunologic mechanisms play a role.
Systems Immunology
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Author : Jayajit Das
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-09-03
Systems Immunology written by Jayajit Das and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-03 with Science categories.
"Taken together, the body of information contained in this book provides readers with a bird’s-eye view of different aspects of exciting work at the convergence of disciplines that will ultimately lead to a future where we understand how immunity is regulated, and how we can harness this knowledge toward practical ends that reduce human suffering. I commend the editors for putting this volume together." –Arup K. Chakraborty, Robert T. Haslam Professor of Chemical Engineering, and Professor of Physics, Chemistry, and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA New experimental techniques in immunology have produced large and complex data sets that require quantitative modeling for analysis. This book provides a complete overview of computational immunology, from basic concepts to mathematical modeling at the single molecule, cellular, organism, and population levels. It showcases modern mechanistic models and their use in making predictions, designing experiments, and elucidating underlying biochemical processes. It begins with an introduction to data analysis, approximations, and assumptions used in model building. Core chapters address models and methods for studying immune responses, with fundamental concepts clearly defined. Readers from immunology, quantitative biology, and applied physics will benefit from the following: Fundamental principles of computational immunology and modern quantitative methods for studying immune response at the single molecule, cellular, organism, and population levels. An overview of basic concepts in modeling and data analysis. Coverage of topics where mechanistic modeling has contributed substantially to current understanding. Discussion of genetic diversity of the immune system, cell signaling in the immune system, immune response at the cell population scale, and ecology of host-pathogen interactions.
Immune Mediated Diseases
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Author : Michael R. Shurin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-07-25
Immune Mediated Diseases written by Michael R. Shurin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-25 with Medical categories.
This volume includes contributions from the speakers of the Second IMD Congress (September 10-15, 2007; Moscow, Russia) who were eager to share some of the academic and clinical enthusiasm that defines the IMD meetings. The goal of the International Immune-Mediated Diseases: From Theory to Therapy (IMD) Congress is to bring the world’s best immunologists and clinicians to Moscow.