Impact Of Migration On Income Levels In Advanced Economies
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Impact Of Migration On Income Levels In Advanced Economies
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Author : Ms.Florence Jaumotte
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2016-10-24
Impact Of Migration On Income Levels In Advanced Economies written by Ms.Florence Jaumotte and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-24 with Social Science categories.
The recent refugee surge has brought attention to the macro-critical policy issue of migration, including speculations that migration can be an unfavorable phenomenon for the receiving economies. A careful examination of the impact of migration on host economies is thus critical. Focusing on the economic impact, most of the academic discussion has centered on the effect of migration on labor markets and public finances. Much less is known about the long-term impact of immigration on the GDP per capita (or the standard of living) of host economies. This note makes three contributions to estimating this impact: it uses a restricted sample of advanced economies rather than a mixed sample of higher- and lower-income host countries, it examines whether the GDP per capita impact varies for different skill levels of migrants, and it goes beyond the aggregate impact of migration on GDP per capita to examine how broadly gains in this regard are shared across the population. In particular, it examines whether migration impacts the income levels of those both at the top and at the bottom of the earnings distribution, or whether gains are instead concentrated in a small group of high earners. It finds that immigration significantly increases GDP per capita in advanced economies, that both high- and lower-skilled migrants can raise labor productivity, and that an increase in the migrant share benefits the average income per capita of both the bottom 90 percent and the top 10 percent of earners, suggesting the gains from immigration are broadly shared.
The Impact Of International Migration On Inclusive Growth A Review
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-03-19
The Impact Of International Migration On Inclusive Growth A Review written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-19 with Business & Economics categories.
International migration is an important channel of material improvement for individuals and their offspring. The movement of people across country borders, especially from less developed to richer countries, has a substantial impact in several dimensions. First, it affects the migrants themselves by allowing them to achieve higher income as a result of their higher productivity in the destination country. It also increases the expected income for their offspring. Second, it affects the destination country through the impact on labor markets, productivity, innovation, demographic structure, fiscal balance, and criminality. Third, it can have a significant impact on the countries of origin. It may lead to loss of human capital, but it also creates a flow of remittances and increases international connections in the form of trade, FDI, and technological transfers. This paper surveys our understanding of how migration affects growth and inequality through the impact on migrants themselves as well as on the destination and origin countries.
The Economics Of International Migration
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Author : Giovanni Peri
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Release Date : 2016-01-07
The Economics Of International Migration written by Giovanni Peri and has been published by World Scientific Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-07 with Business & Economics categories.
The Economics of International Migration is a collection of the fundamental articles written by Giovanni Peri on the economic determinants and consequences of international migration. These papers have provided the theoretical framework and empirical analysis for a rethinking of the economics of migration, going beyond the Canonical model of labor demand and supply used until the 1990s. Beginning with a simple model that recognizes the differences between immigrants and natives as workers, the articles develop the analysis of complementarity, specialization and productivity effect of immigrants in developed economies. The book then presents a series of papers analyzing and testing the economic motivation for international migration. Finally, the focus is shifted to the effect of immigration policies and their consequences on immigration and the economy.
How Immigrants Contribute To Developing Countries Economies
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2018-01-24
How Immigrants Contribute To Developing Countries Economies written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-24 with categories.
How Immigrants Contribute to Developing Countries' Economies is the result of a project carried out by the OECD Development Centre and the International Labour Organization, with support from the European Union. The report covers the ten project partner countries.
Emigration And Its Economic Impact On Eastern Europe
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Author : Mr.Ruben V Atoyan
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2016-07-20
Emigration And Its Economic Impact On Eastern Europe written by Mr.Ruben V Atoyan and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-20 with Social Science categories.
This paper analyses the impact of large and persistent emigration from Eastern European countries over the past 25 years on these countries’ growth and income convergence to advanced Europe. While emigration has likely benefited migrants themselves, the receiving countries and the EU as a whole, its impact on sending countries’ economies has been largely negative. The analysis suggests that labor outflows, particularly of skilled workers, lowered productivity growth, pushed up wages, and slowed growth and income convergence. At the same time, while remittance inflows supported financial deepening, consumption and investment in some countries, they also reduced incentives to work and led to exchange rate appreciations, eroding competiveness. The departure of the young also added to the fiscal pressures of already aging populations in Eastern Europe. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for sending countries to mitigate the negative impact of emigration on their economies, and the EU-wide initiatives that could support these efforts.
Human Capital Flight
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1994-12-01
Human Capital Flight written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-12-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper analyses the impact of government tax and subsidy policy on immigration of human capital and the effect of such immigration on growth and incomes. In the context of a two-country endogenous growth model with heterogeneous agents and human capital accumulation, we argue that human capital flight or “brain drain” arising out of wage differentials, say because of differences in income tax rates or technology, can bring about a reduction in the steady state growth rate of the country of emigration. Additionally, permanent difference in the growth rates as well as incomes between the two countries can occur making convergence unlikely. While in a closed economy, tax-financed increases in subsidy to education can have a positive effect on growth, such a policy can have a negative effect on growth when human capital flight is taking place. Since subsidizing higher education is more likely to induce substantial brain drain, it is likely to be inferior to subsidy to lower levels of education if growth is to be increased.
The Socio Economic Impact Of Migration Flows
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Author : Andrés Artal-Tur
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-06-27
The Socio Economic Impact Of Migration Flows written by Andrés Artal-Tur and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-27 with Political Science categories.
Though globalisation of the world economy is currently a powerful force, people’s international mobility appears to still be very limited. The goal of this book is to improve our knowledge of the true effects of migration flows. It includes contributions by prominent academic researchers analysing the socio-economic impact of migration in a variety of contexts: interconnection of people and trade flows, causes and consequences of capital remittances, understanding the macroeconomic impact of migration and the labour market effects of people’s flows. The latest analytical methodologies are employed in all chapters, while interesting policy guidelines emerge from the investigations. The style of the volume makes it accessible for both non-experts and advanced readers interested in this hot topic of today’s world.
Poverty International Migration And Asylum
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Author : G. Borjas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2005-03-01
Poverty International Migration And Asylum written by G. Borjas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines the economic consequences of immigration and asylum migration, it focuses on the economic consequences of legal and illegal immigration as well as placing the study of immigration in a global context.
Global Economic Prospects 2006
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date :
Global Economic Prospects 2006 written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
International migration, the movement of people across international boundaries to improve economic opportunity, has enormous implications for growth and welfare in both origin and destination countries. An important benefit to developing countries is the receipt of remittances or transfers from income earned by overseas emigrants. Official data show that development countries' remittance receipts totaled 160 billion in 2004, more than twice the size of official aid. This year's edition of Global Economic Prospects focuses on remittances and migration. The bulk of the book covers remittances.
Foundations Of Migration Economics
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Author : George J. Borjas
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-07
Foundations Of Migration Economics written by George J. Borjas and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents a series of research articles written over the past four decades by leading economists George J. Borjas and Barry R. Chiswick. Borjas and Chiswick are leading experts on the adjustment of immigrants in their destination country and their impact on the economy. Although they worked separately throughout their careers, and did not always agree, their intellectual interaction has greatly increased understanding of the economic consequences of international migration and immigration policy across developed immigrant receiving countries. This volume brings together their contributions for the first time to demonstrate how public policy issues on immigration have evolved over time. An in-depth analysis of the key issues relating to international migration Foundations of Migration Economics explores the assimilation of immigrants, focusing on the earning changes of immigrants with a longer duration in the host economy; how immigrant networks and ethnic enclaves influence the labor market and linguistic adjustment of immigrants; determinants of language proficiency and to what extent pre-migration skills are effectively employed by the destination; and the effect of immigration on the earnings of earlier waves of immigrants and native-born workers.