Improvements In Flood Forecasting In Mountain Basins Through A Physically Based Distributed Model
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Improvements In Flood Forecasting In Mountain Basins Through A Physically Based Distributed Model
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Author : Hernan Moreno Ramirez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Improvements In Flood Forecasting In Mountain Basins Through A Physically Based Distributed Model written by Hernan Moreno Ramirez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Flood forecasting categories.
This doctoral thesis investigates the predictability characteristics of floods and flash floods by coupling high resolution precipitation products to a distributed hydrologic model. The research hypotheses are tested at multiple watersheds in the Colorado Front Range (CFR) undergoing warm-season precipitation. Rainfall error structures are expected to propagate into hydrologic simulations with added uncertainties by model parameters and initial conditions. Specifically, the following science questions are addressed: (1) What is the utility of Quantitative Precipitation Estimates (QPE) for high resolution hydrologic forecasts in mountain watersheds of the CFR?, (2) How does the rainfall-reflectivity relation determine the magnitude of errors when radar observations are used for flood forecasts?, and (3) What are the spatiotemporal limits of flood forecasting in mountain basins when radar nowcasts are used into a distributed hydrological model?. The methodology consists of QPE evaluations at the site (i.e., rain gauge location), basin-average and regional scales, and Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPF) assessment through regional grid-to-grid verification techniques and ensemble basin-averaged time series. The corresponding hydrologic responses that include outlet discharges, distributed runoff maps, and streamflow time series at internal channel locations, are used in light of observed and/or reference data to diagnose the suitability of fusing precipitation forecasts into a distributed model operating at multiple catchments. Results reveal that radar and multisensor QPEs lead to an improved hydrologic performance compared to simulations driven with rain gauge data only. In addition, hydrologic performances attained by satellite products preserve the fundamental properties of basin responses, including a simple scaling relation between the relative spatial variability of runoff and its magnitude. Overall, the spatial variations contained in gridded QPEs add value for warm-season flood forecasting in mountain basins, with sparse data even if those products contain some biases. These results are encouraging and open new avenues for forecasting in regions with limited access and sparse observations. Regional comparisons of different reflectivity -rainfall (Z-R) relations during three summer seasons, illustrated significant rainfall variability across the region. Consistently, hydrologic errors introduced by the distinct Z-R relations, are significant and proportional (in the log-log space) to errors in precipitation estimations and stream flow magnitude. The use of operational Z-R relations without prior calibration may lead to wrong estimation of precipitation, runoff magnitude and increased flood forecasting errors. This suggests that site-specific Z-R relations, prior to forecasting procedures, are desirable in complex terrain regions. Nowcasting experiments show the limits of flood forecasting and its dependence functions of lead time and basin scale. Across the majority of the basins, flood forecasting skill decays with lead time, but the functional relation depends on the interactions between watershed properties and rainfall characteristics. Both precipitation and flood forecasting skills are noticeably reduced for lead times greater than 30 minutes. Scale dependence of hydrologic forecasting errors demonstrates reduced predictability at intermediate-size basins, the typical scale of convective storm systems. Overall, the fusion of high resolution radar nowcasts and the convenient parallel capabilities of the distributed hydrologic model provide an efficient framework for generating accurate real-time flood forecasts suitable for operational environments.
Journal Of Hydrometeorology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Journal Of Hydrometeorology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Hydrometeorology categories.
Advances In Hydrologic Forecasts And Water Resources Management
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Author : Fi-John Chang
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-01-20
Advances In Hydrologic Forecasts And Water Resources Management written by Fi-John Chang and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The impacts of climate change on water resource management, as well as increasingly severe natural disasters over the last decades, have caught global attention. Reliable and accurate hydrological forecasts are essential for efficient water resource management and the mitigation of natural disasters. While the notorious nonlinear hydrological processes make accurate forecasts a very challenging task, it requires advanced techniques to build accurate forecast models and reliable management systems. One of the newest techniques for modeling complex systems is artificial intelligence (AI). AI can replicate the way humans learn and has great capability to efficiently extract crucial information from large amounts of data to solve complex problems. The fourteen research papers published in this Special Issue contribute significantly to the uncertainty assessment of operational hydrologic forecasting under changing environmental conditions and the promotion of water resources management by using the latest advanced techniques, such as AI techniques. The fourteen contributions across four major research areas: (1) machine learning approaches to hydrologic forecasting; (2) uncertainty analysis and assessment on hydrological modeling under changing environments; (3) AI techniques for optimizing multi-objective reservoir operation; (4) adaption strategies of extreme hydrological events for hazard mitigation. The papers published in this issue will not only advance water sciences but also help policymakers to achieve more sustainable and effective water resource management.
Mountain Rivers Revisited
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Author : Ellen Wohl
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-05-28
Mountain Rivers Revisited written by Ellen Wohl and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-28 with Science categories.
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Water Resources Monograph Series, Volume 19. What are the forms and processes characteristic of mountain rivers and how do we know them? Mountain Rivers Revisited, an expanded and updated version of the earlier volume Mountain Rivers, answers these questions and more. Here is the only comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge about mountain rivers available. While continuing to focus on physical process and form in mountain rivers, the text also addresses the influences of tectonics, climate, and land use on rivers, as well as water chemistry, hyporheic exchange, and riparian and aquatic ecology. With its numerous illustrations and references, hydrologists, geomorphologists, civil and environmental engineers, ecologists, resource planners, and their students will find this book an essential resource. Ellen Wohl received her Ph.D. in geology in 1988 from the University of Arizona. Since then, she has worked primarily on mountain and bedrock rivers in diverse environments.
Isfram 2015
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Author : Wardah Tahir
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-09
Isfram 2015 written by Wardah Tahir and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-09 with Nature categories.
This book focuses on international research in flood-related areas and sustainable management. It consists of a compilation of innovative works, demonstrating best practices in flood management and recommend flood solutions. The selected papers cover the fundamentals and latest advances in the area, complete with illustrations, diagrams and tables. These proceedings serve as a source of information and state-of-the-art technology in managing floods to improve quality of life.
Improved Hydrological Understanding Of A Semi Arid Subtropical Transboundary Basin Using Multiple Techniques The Incomati River Basin
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Author : Saraiva Okello
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-05-13
Improved Hydrological Understanding Of A Semi Arid Subtropical Transboundary Basin Using Multiple Techniques The Incomati River Basin written by Saraiva Okello and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-13 with Science categories.
This study aims at improving the hydrological process understanding of the semi-arid and transboundary Incomati river basin to enable better water management. Comprehensive statistical and trend analysis of rainfall and streamflow were conducted, and the Indicators of Hydrological Alteration tool was deployed to describe the streamflow regime and trends over time. Land use and land cover change, particularly the conversion of natural vegetation into forest plantation, the expansion of irrigated agriculture and the flow regulation due to dam operation were identified as critical drivers of flow regime alteration. Hydrograph separation using long-term hydrochemical data at seasonal scale, and hydrochemical and isotope data at event scale were performed to quantify runoff components. A novel methodology to calibrate recursive digital filters using routinely collected water quality data was developed and tested in the catchment. This method allows for estimation of daily baseflow from readily available daily streamflow data. Dominant runoff generation zones were mapped using the Height Above Nearest Drainage approach. The hydrological model STREAM was then employed, informed by the runoff generation zones mapping and the process understanding gained in the catchment, as well as remote sensing data. The study provides the basis for better operational water management in the catchment.
Advances In Hydroinformatics
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Author : Philippe Gourbesville
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-09-16
Advances In Hydroinformatics written by Philippe Gourbesville and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-16 with Science categories.
This book includes a collection of extended papers based on presentations given during the SIMHYDRO 2021 conference, held in Sophia Antipolis in June 2021 with the support of French Hydrotechnic Society (SHF). It focused on "Models for complex and global water issues—Practices and expectations”. The water field is continuously mobilizing models for addressing complex issues and new challenges. Within the context of the climate change, the water issues are exacerbated with the competition among uses. The limited water resources request from the modern societies to review some of the historical paradigms traditionally used and to promote new approaches for a sustainable management. The combined complexity and vulnerability of large urban environments request a deep understanding of water uses and environmental synergy. At the same time, water-related natural hazards are contentiously straightening modern societies that must adapt and implement a more resilient environment. In parallel, in the industrial sector, the search for a high level of efficiency for hydraulic machinery requests to simulate complex processes. Under all these situations, the models currently used represent only partly the physical phenomena involved, the scale of the processes, the hypothesis included within the different numerical tools, etc. The design and the operation of relevant models represent a challenging task for the modeller who is responsible of the knowledge part of a global system that is dedicated to support the decision makers. The book explores both the limitations and performance of current models and presents the latest developments based on new numerical schemes, high-performance computing, multi-physics and multi-scales methods, and better interaction with field or scale model data. It addresses the interests of practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, and engineers active in this field.
Selected Water Resources Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991-10
Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-10 with Water categories.
Treatise On Water Science
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2010-09-01
Treatise On Water Science written by and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Water quality and management are of great significance globally, as the demand for clean, potable water far exceeds the availability. Water science research brings together the natural and applied sciences, engineering, chemistry, law and policy, and economics, and the Treatise on Water Science seeks to unite these areas through contributions from a global team of author-experts. The 4-volume set examines topics in depth, with an emphasis on innovative research and technologies for those working in applied areas. Published in partnership with and endorsed by the International Water Association (IWA), demonstrating the authority of the content Editor-in-Chief Peter Wilderer, a Stockholm Water Prize recipient, has assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Topics related to water resource management, water quality and supply, and handling of wastewater are treated in depth
Rainfall Runoff Modelling
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Author : Keith J. Beven
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-11-29
Rainfall Runoff Modelling written by Keith J. Beven and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Rainfall-Runoff Modelling: The Primer, Second Edition isthe follow-up of this popular and authoritative text, firstpublished in 2001. The book provides both a primer for the noviceand detailed descriptions of techniques for more advancedpractitioners, covering rainfall-runoff models and their practicalapplications. This new edition extends these aims to includeadditional chapters dealing with prediction in ungauged basins,predicting residence time distributions, predicting the impacts ofchange and the next generation of hydrological models. Giving acomprehensive summary of available techniques based on establishedpractices and recent research the book offers a thorough andaccessible overview of the area. Rainfall-Runoff Modelling: The Primer SecondEdition focuses on predicting hydrographs using modelsbased on data and on representations of hydrological process.Dealing with the history of the development of rainfall-runoffmodels, uncertainty in mode predictions, good and bad practice andending with a look at how to predict future catchment hydrologicalresponses this book provides an essential underpinning ofrainfall-runoff modelling topics. Fully revised and updated version of this highly populartext Suitable for both novices in the area and for more advancedusers and developers Written by a leading expert in the field Guide to internet sources for rainfall-runoff modellingsoftware