In Search Of Mechanisms
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In Search Of Mechanisms
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Author : Carl F. Craver
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2013-10-03
In Search Of Mechanisms written by Carl F. Craver and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-03 with Science categories.
Neuroscientists investigate the mechanisms of spatial memory. Molecular biologists study the mechanisms of protein synthesis and the myriad mechanisms of gene regulation. Ecologists study nutrient cycling mechanisms and their devastating imbalances in estuaries such as the Chesapeake Bay. In fact, much of biology and its history involves biologists constructing, evaluating, and revising their understanding of mechanisms. With In Search of Mechanisms, Carl F. Craver and Lindley Darden offer both a descriptive and an instructional account of how biologists discover mechanisms. Drawing on examples from across the life sciences and through the centuries, Craver and Darden compile an impressive toolbox of strategies that biologists have used and will use again to reveal the mechanisms that produce, underlie, or maintain the phenomena characteristic of living things. They discuss the questions that figure in the search for mechanisms, characterizing the experimental, observational, and conceptual considerations used to answer them, all the while providing examples from the history of biology to highlight the kinds of evidence and reasoning strategies employed to assess mechanisms. At a deeper level, Craver and Darden pose a systematic view of what biology is, of how biology makes progress, of how biological discoveries are and might be made, and of why knowledge of biological mechanisms is important for the future of the human species.
Mechanisms In Ancient Chinese Books With Illustrations
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Author : Kuo-Hung Hsiao
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-12
Mechanisms In Ancient Chinese Books With Illustrations written by Kuo-Hung Hsiao and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents a unique approach for studying mechanisms and machines with drawings that were depicted unclearly in ancient Chinese books. The historical, cultural and technical backgrounds of the mechanisms are explained, and various mechanisms described and illustrated in ancient books are introduced. By utilizing the idea for the conceptual design of modern mechanisms, all feasible designs of ancient mechanisms with uncertain members and joints that meet the technical standards of the subjects’ time periods are synthesized systematically. Ancient Chinese crossbows (the original crossbow and repeating crossbows), textile mechanisms (silk-reeling mechanism, spinning mechanisms, and looms), and many other artisan's tool mechanisms are used as illustrated examples. Such an approach provides a logical method for the reconstruction designs of ancient mechanisms with uncertain structures. It also provides an innovative direction for researchers to further identify the original structures of mechanisms and machines with drawings in ancient literature. This book can be used as a textbook and/or supplemental reading material for courses related to history of ancient (Chinese) machinery and creative mechanism design for senior and graduate students.
The Routledge Handbook Of Mechanisms And Mechanical Philosophy
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Author : Stuart Glennan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-06
The Routledge Handbook Of Mechanisms And Mechanical Philosophy written by Stuart Glennan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-06 with Philosophy categories.
Scientists studying the burning of stars, the evolution of species, DNA, the brain, the economy, and social change, all frequently describe their work as searching for mechanisms. Despite this fact, for much of the twentieth century philosophical discussions of the nature of mechanisms remained outside philosophy of science. The Routledge Handbook of Mechanisms and Mechanical Philosophy is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems, and debates in this exciting subject and is the first collection of its kind. Comprising over thirty chapters by a team of international contributors, the Handbook is divided into four Parts: Historical perspectives on mechanisms The nature of mechanisms Mechanisms and the philosophy of science Disciplinary perspectives on mechanisms. Within these Parts central topics and problems are examined, including the rise of mechanical philosophy in the seventeenth century; what mechanisms are made of and how they are organized; mechanisms and laws and regularities; how mechanisms are discovered and explained; dynamical systems theory; and disciplinary perspectives from physics, chemistry, biology, biomedicine, ecology, neuroscience, and the social sciences. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of science, the Handbook will also be of interest to those in related fields, such as metaphysics, philosophy of psychology, and history of science.
Discovering Cell Mechanisms
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Author : William Bechtel
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006
Discovering Cell Mechanisms written by William Bechtel and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Philosophy categories.
Between 1940 and 1970 pioneers in the new field of cell biology discovered the operative parts of cells and their contributions to cell life. They offered mechanistic accounts that explained cellular phenomena by identifying the relevant parts of cells, the biochemical operations they performed, and the way in which these parts and operations were organised to accomplish important functions. Cell biology was a revolutionary science but in this book it also provides fuel for yet another revolution, one that focuses on the very conception of science itself. Laws have traditionally been regarded as the primary vehicle of explanation, but in the emerging philosophy of science it is mechanisms that do the explanatory work. Bechtel emphasises how mechanisms were discovered, focusing especially on the way in which new instruments made these inquiries possible. He also describes how new journals and societies provided institutional structure to this new enterprise.
Mechanisms Transmissions And Applications
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Author : Erwin-Christian Lovasz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-11-02
Mechanisms Transmissions And Applications written by Erwin-Christian Lovasz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The first Workshop on Mechanisms, Transmissions and Applications -- MeTrApp-2011 was organized by the Mechatronics Department at the Mechanical Engineering Faculty, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Romania, under the patronage of the IFToMM Technical Committees Linkages and Mechanical Controls and Micromachines. The workshop brought together researchers and students who work in disciplines associated with mechanisms science and offered a great opportunity for scientists from all over the world to present their achievements, exchange innovative ideas and create solid international links, setting the trend for future developments in this important and creative field. The topics treated in this volume are mechanisms and machine design, mechanical transmissions, mechatronic and biomechanic applications, computational and experimental methods, history of mechanism and machine science and teaching methods.
Design And Analysis Of Mechanisms
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Author : Michael J. Rider
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-07-07
Design And Analysis Of Mechanisms written by Michael J. Rider and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A planar or two-dimensional (2D) mechanism is the combination of two or more machine elements that are designed to convey a force or motion across parallel planes. For any mechanical engineer, young or old, an understanding of planar mechanism design is fundamental. Mechanical components and complex machines, such as engines or robots, are often designed and conceptualised in 2D before being extended into 3D. Designed to encourage a clear understanding of the nature and design of planar mechanisms, this book favours a frank and straightforward approach to teaching the basics of planar mechanism design and the theory of machines with fully worked examples throughout. Key Features: Provides simple instruction in the design and analysis of planar mechanisms, enabling the student to easily navigate the text and find the desired material Covers topics of fundamental importance to mechanical engineering, from planar mechanism kinematics, 2D linkage analyses and 2D linkage design to the fundamentals of spur gears and cam design Shows numerous example solutions using EES (Engineering Equation Solver) and MATLAB software, with appendices dedicated to explaining the use of both computer tools Follows end-of-chapter problems with clearly detailed solutions
Aging Mechanisms
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Author : Nozomu Mori
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-11-26
Aging Mechanisms written by Nozomu Mori and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-26 with Medical categories.
This book brings together the most up-to-date information on recent research results of leading laboratories on aging science in East Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong. Starting with a comprehensive overview of various hypotheses on biological mechanisms of aging by Dr. Sataro Goto, each chapter covers broad aspects of the most recent findings in aging-related topics: centenarian studies and genome analysis of progeria, metabolic biochemistry and neurobiology, longevity controls in yeast and nematodes, oxidative stress and calorie restriction, and neurodegeneration mechanisms in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases, with further potential therapeutic approaches to these age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also included, in part, is a summary and the outcomes of a scientific discussion forum called the Asian Aging Core for Longevity (AACL) that has been held annually alternating between Japan and Korea during the last decade. This book can serve as a useful resource for finding appropriate collaborators in the areas it covers. The target readership is made up of graduate students and researchers at universities, medical and/or life-science schools, and biomedical and pharmaceutical institutes. Why does aging exist? How do we age? How is each organism’s lifespan determined? These are fundamental questions in the field. We may be still far from achieving a complete view of aging mechanisms, but this book, Aging Mechanisms, offers an excellent opportunity to become familiar with the most updated progress in the biomedical research of aging in Japan and Korea, the two leading nations for human longevity.
Advanced Theory Of Mechanisms And Machines
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Author : M.Z. Kolovsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-03
Advanced Theory Of Mechanisms And Machines written by M.Z. Kolovsky and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-03 with Science categories.
This book is based on a lecture course delivered by the authors over a period of many years to the students in mechanics at the St. Petersburg State Technical University (the former Leningrad Polytechnic Institute). The material differs from numerous traditional text books on Theory of Machines and Mechanisms through a more profound elaboration of the methods of structural, geometric, kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms and machines, consisting in both the development of well-known methods and the creation of new ones that take into account the needs of modem machine building and the potential of modem computers. The structural analysis of mechanisms is based on a new definition of structural group which makes it possible to consider closed structures that cannot be reduced to linkages of Assur groups. The methods of geometric analysis are adapted to the analysis of planar and spatial mechanisms with closed structure and several degrees of movability. Considerable attention is devoted to the problems of con figuration multiplicity of a mechanism with given input coordinates as well as to the problems of distinguishing and removing singular positions, which is of great importance for the design of robot systems. These problems are also reflected in the description of the methods of kinematic analysis employed for the investi gation of both open ("tree"-type) structures and closed mechanisms.
Searching Behaviour
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Author : W.J. Bell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Searching Behaviour written by W.J. Bell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This is a book about proximate mechanisms. Although some theoreti cal structure is used to introduce the subject, the intent is to offer a comprehensive view of the mechanistic side of searching (or foraging) so as to balance the current emphasis of books on mathematical and functional models. It seems to me that the pendulum needs to swing back to studies of how animals behave, and that maybe in so doing models will become valuable again in driving experimentation. I have probably included too many examples in this book, and some are even presented in great detail. Hopefully, they provide a complete picture of the kind of animals used, the experimental setup, the kinds of data yielded, and how the data were analysed. I have done this in response to frustrating experiences of reading chapters in behavioural ecobgy books that provide insufficient information with which to evaluate an author's conclusion.
Cells Molecules And Mechanisms
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Author : Eric Wong
language : en
Publisher: Axolotl Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2009
Cells Molecules And Mechanisms written by Eric Wong and has been published by Axolotl Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Biology categories.
"Yet another cell and molecular biology book? At the very least, you would think that if I was going to write a textbook, I should write one in an area that really needs one instead of a subject that already has multiple excellent and definitive books. So, why write this book, then? First, it's a course that I have enjoyed teaching for many years, so I am very familiar with what a student really needs to take away from this class within the time constraints of a semester. Second, because it is a course that many students take, there is a greater opportunity to make an impact on more students' pocketbooks than if I were to start off writing a book for a highly specialized upper- level course. And finally, it was fun to research and write, and can be revised easily for inclusion as part of our next textbook, High School Biology."--Open Textbook Library.