In Vitro Pathology Of The Tgcrnd8 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer S Disease
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In Vitro Pathology Of The Tgcrnd8 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Kelly L. Olson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
In Vitro Pathology Of The Tgcrnd8 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer S Disease written by Kelly L. Olson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Kathryn A. C. Glazner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Alzheimer S Disease written by Kathryn A. C. Glazner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The Role Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha In A Prodromal Mouse Model Of Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Chelsea Cavanagh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Role Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha In A Prodromal Mouse Model Of Alzheimer S Disease written by Chelsea Cavanagh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
"Since the advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have proven to be difficult to treat, investigating ways to prevent AD has become a priority for the research community. Although neuroinflammation is commonly associated with amyloid plaque deposits and neurodegeneration that are characteristic of advanced stages, emerging evidence suggests that inflammatory mediators may play a role in the early development of AD pathology. Importantly, inflammatory mediators such as the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), have important effects modulating synaptic function. Therefore, TgCRND8 mice, which overexpress a mutated form of the human amyloid precursor protein, were investigated at a prodromal stage to study whether TNF-alpha may be contributing to alterations in synaptic function and precipitating alterations in cognitive performance.Western blot and ELISA experiments indicated a significant increase in hippocampal TNF-alpha expression in 1-month-old TgCRND8 mice before plaque deposition that correlated with levels of the Beta-C-terminal fragment, the precursor to amyloid-beta. Cluster of differentiation 11b labeling indicated changes in microglial morphology toward an activated state, suggesting that these cells may be a putative source of the observed TNF-alpha increase during this prodromal stage of AD-like pathology. While TNF-alpha is recognized for its role in the immune system, this cytokine has neuromodulatory actions as well and modulates the insertion of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in synapses to increase glutamatergic transmission under conditions of low activity. Therefore, the pre-plaque increase in TNF-alpha may affect transmission at glutamate synapses and precipitate synaptic pathologies. To test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is contributing to hyperexcitability of glutamate synapses and alterations in cognitive function, hippocampal synaptic and cognitive function were compared between TgCRND8 mice and control littermates at the 1-month time point and the effects of a soluble dominant-negative TNF-alpha inhibitor, XPro1595, were examined. Pre-plaque TgCRND8 mice exhibited increased basal synaptic function and long-term potentiation that were reversed by XPro1595 treatment. In vivo XPro1595 treatment also reversed the enhanced performance of 1-month-old TgCRND8 mice in a hippocampus-dependent inhibitory avoidance task. Although synaptic deficits are commonly found in animal models of amyloidosis, it is unclear how amyloid pathology may impair synaptic function. In some amyloid mouse models of AD, however, synaptic deficits are preceded by hyperexcitability of glutamate synapses. To study whether the early TNF-alpha-associated enhancement of glutamatergic transmission was responsible for the development of later synaptic deficits 1-month-old TgCRND8 mice were treated for 4 weeks with XPro1595. This targeted treatment prevented deficits in basal glutamatergic transmission otherwise apparent at age 6 months. These findings suggest that the increase in TNF-alpha before amyloid plaque formation could be an early process leading to the hyperexcitability of glutamate synapses, which leads to alterations in cognitive function. In this mouse model at least, reversing the hyperexcitability of glutamate synapses via TNF-alpha blockade before the onset of amyloid plaque formation prevented later synaptic deficits. " --
Neuroprotection In Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Illana Gozes
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-12-30
Neuroprotection In Alzheimer S Disease written by Illana Gozes and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-30 with Medical categories.
Neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease offers a translational point-of-view from both basic and clinical standpoints, putting it on the cusp for further clinical development with its emphasis on nerve cell protection, including the accumulation of knowledge from failed clinical trials and new advances in disease management. This book brings together the latest findings, both basic, and clinical, under the same cover, making it easy for the reader to obtain a complete overview of the state-of-the-field and beyond. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. It is a progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory, thinking skills, and eventually, even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. It is characterized by death of synapses coupled to death nerve cells and brain degeneration which is manifested by loss of cognitive abilities. Understanding neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s disease will pave the path to better disease management and novel therapeutics. Comprehensive reference detailing neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease, with details on nerve cell protection and new advances in disease management Combines the knowledge and points-of-view of both medical doctors and basic scientists, putting the subject at the forefront for further clinical development Edited by one of the leading researchers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Primary Glial And Immune Cell Pathology In Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Author : Andras Lakatos
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-12-21
Primary Glial And Immune Cell Pathology In Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Andras Lakatos and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-21 with Medical categories.
Egcg And Voluntary Exercise
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Author : Jennifer M. Walker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Egcg And Voluntary Exercise written by Jennifer M. Walker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Alzheimer's disease categories.
Previous work with the TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease has shown that voluntary exercise implemented for long time periods (5-months) and starting at very young ages (1-month), prior to the development of disease pathology, reduces cognitive impairments; however, approximately 1-month of exercise started at 80-days failed to provide cognitive improvements for male mice. Additionally, research has shown that EGCG, a botanical polyphenol, can reduce amyloid-beta levels, mitigate oxidative stress and reduce some of the cognitive impairments associated with Alzheimer's disease in the Tg2576 murine model; however, oral administration of EGCG had not been yet evaluated in the TgCRND8 strain. The present study investigated the effects of 4-months of exercise treatment, implemented at the beginning of pathology development (2-months of age), in conjunction with the effects of EGCG treatment on: 1) behavioral measures: learning and memory performance in the Barnes maze, nest building, the open-field, anxiety in the light-dark box, and 2) soluble, amyloid-beta levels in the cortex and hippocampus. Untreated Tg mice showed deficits in nest building behaviors, as well as poor spatial learning in the Barnes maze. Four-months of EGCG and exercise treatment reversed nest building and spatial learning deficits, and lowered soluble, Ab1-42 levels in the cortex of Tg animals. This research was supported by NIH grant funding (2P01 AG18357).
Molecular Mechanisms Of Dementia
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Author : Wilma Wasco
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-11-01
Molecular Mechanisms Of Dementia written by Wilma Wasco and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-11-01 with Medical categories.
The past decade has witnessed a revolution in the attempts of scientists to under stand the molecular basis of dementia. Although dementia, as defined by global cogni tive decline involving gradual loss of memory, reasoning, judgment, and orientation, presents most commonly in the form of Alzheimer's disease (AD), an assortment of other less common disorders, such as prion and Pick's disease, can also lead to symp toms that are similar to those observed in patients with AD. The primary goal of Molecular Mechanisms of Dementia is to address the various mechanisms and multi faceted approaches currently being employed to more clearly delineate the etiological and pathogenic events responsible for the onset of dementia. Perhaps the greatest boon to obtaining a clearer understanding of the causes of AD has come from genetic and molecular biological studies carried out over the past decade. At the genetic level, it has become increasingly clear that AD is a heteroge neous disorder that can be broadly classified into two categories. "Late onset" (>60 yr) cases, which account for the vast majority of AD, genetically involve "susceptibility" genes representing risk factors for the disease (e. g. , inheritance of the 84 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene). In many cases, the susceptibility gene can act as a "modifier" that modulates the pathogenic cascade occurring subsequent to a separate etiological event "initiating" or "causing" the disorder.
Neurochemical Aspects Of Alzheimer S Disease
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Author : Akhlaq A. Farooqui
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-05-25
Neurochemical Aspects Of Alzheimer S Disease written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-25 with Science categories.
Neurochemical Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies. The book focuses on molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of AD. The comprehensive and cutting edge information in this monograph may not only help in early detection of AD, but also promote discovery of new drugs to treat this chronic disease. Chapters discuss involvement of neural membrane phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators, abnormal APP processing, and nucleic acid damage, risk factors, biomarker, and therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's disease. This book is written for neurologists, neuroscientists, neurochemists, neuropharmacologists, and clinicianswho are interested in molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of age-related neurological disorders. Provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease Written for researchers, clinicians, and advanced graduate students in neurology, neuroscience, neurochemistry, and neuropharmacology Acts as the first book to provide a comprehensive description of the signal transduction processes associated with pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Animal Models Of Dementia
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Author : Peter Paul De Deyn
language : en
Publisher: Humana Press
Release Date : 2010-12-01
Animal Models Of Dementia written by Peter Paul De Deyn and has been published by Humana Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-01 with Medical categories.
With an ever-increasing elderly population and the resultant rising levels of dementia-related disorders, preclinical research based on animal models is pivotal to our knowledge of underlying molecular mechanisms and drug discovery aiming at the development of therapeutic strategies alleviating or preventing the neurological devastation. In Animal Models of Dementia, expert researchers provide contributions that stress the importance of extensively validated animal models in drug discovery and development in order to predict clinical activity. Beginning with general aspects of animal modeling, related ethical issues, and essential methodological considerations, the highly detailed volume then continues with various levels of model validation, including pathological, behavioral, neurochemical, pharmacological, and imaging aspects, followed by sections focused on specific disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy and adrenoleukodystrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia as well as vascular dementia and more. As a volume in the renowned Neuromethods series, this book offers a detailed, yet accessible, overview of currently available animal models in the field of dementia research, and touches, as well, upon more general areas linked to the development and use of animal models. Comprehensive and efficient, Animal Models of Dementia will significantly aid both experienced animal researchers as well as investigators on the verge of beginning animal model-based dementia research.
Neuro Geriatrics
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Author : Babak Tousi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-06
Neuro Geriatrics written by Babak Tousi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-06 with Medical categories.
This manual takes a multidisciplinary approach to neurological disorders in the elderly. Comprehensive and practical, it includes the most recent diagnostic criteria and immediately accessible visual care paths including the latest pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Covering a range of modalities, from the importance and impact of each disease to diagnostic criteria, genetics, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment and care paths, this book focuses on neurological conditions that occur commonly in older persons or which have a striking effect on their lives. The common types of dementias, Parkinson’s disease and related disorders, rapidly progressive diseases, seizure disorders and multiple sclerosis are covered. Issues commonly affecting this population, such as neurobehavioral symptoms and caregiver issues, are discussed. Neuro-Geriatrics: A Clinical Manual is aimed at any physician who treats the elderly with neurological disorders: neurologists, geriatricians and geriatric psychiatrists, both specialists and general practitioners.