Induction Probability And Skepticism
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Induction Probability And Skepticism
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Author : D. P. Chattopadhyaya
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 1991-08-08
Induction Probability And Skepticism written by D. P. Chattopadhyaya and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-08-08 with Philosophy categories.
In this book, Chattopadhyaya examines the epistemological and methodological implications of induction and probability. Opposed to foundationalism and the thesis of certainty of human knowledge, he has defended a qualified form of fallibilism and constructive kind of skepticism.
Induction Probability And Skepticism
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Author : Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Induction Probability And Skepticism written by Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Induction (Logic) categories.
Formal Epistemology And Cartesian Skepticism
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Author : Tomoji Shogenji
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-15
Formal Epistemology And Cartesian Skepticism written by Tomoji Shogenji and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-15 with Philosophy categories.
This book develops new techniques in formal epistemology and applies them to the challenge of Cartesian skepticism. It introduces two formats of epistemic evaluation that should be of interest to epistemologists and philosophers of science: the dual-component format, which evaluates a statement on the basis of its safety and informativeness, and the relative-divergence format, which evaluates a probabilistic model on the basis of its complexity and goodness of fit with data. Tomoji Shogenji shows that the former lends support to Cartesian skepticism, but the latter allows us to defeat Cartesian skepticism. Along the way, Shogenji addresses a number of related issues in epistemology and philosophy of science, including epistemic circularity, epistemic closure, and inductive skepticism.
An Introduction To Probability And Inductive Logic
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Author : Ian Hacking
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-07-02
An Introduction To Probability And Inductive Logic written by Ian Hacking and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-02 with Mathematics categories.
An introductory 2001 textbook on probability and induction written by a foremost philosopher of science.
Reliable Reasoning
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Author : Gilbert Harman
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-01-13
Reliable Reasoning written by Gilbert Harman and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-13 with Psychology categories.
The implications for philosophy and cognitive science of developments in statistical learning theory. In Reliable Reasoning, Gilbert Harman and Sanjeev Kulkarni—a philosopher and an engineer—argue that philosophy and cognitive science can benefit from statistical learning theory (SLT), the theory that lies behind recent advances in machine learning. The philosophical problem of induction, for example, is in part about the reliability of inductive reasoning, where the reliability of a method is measured by its statistically expected percentage of errors—a central topic in SLT. After discussing philosophical attempts to evade the problem of induction, Harman and Kulkarni provide an admirably clear account of the basic framework of SLT and its implications for inductive reasoning. They explain the Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of a set of hypotheses and distinguish two kinds of inductive reasoning. The authors discuss various topics in machine learning, including nearest-neighbor methods, neural networks, and support vector machines. Finally, they describe transductive reasoning and suggest possible new models of human reasoning suggested by developments in SLT.
Hume S Problem
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Author : Colin Howson
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2000-11-02
Hume S Problem written by Colin Howson and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-02 with Philosophy categories.
Colin Howson offers a solution to one of the central, unsolved problems of Western philosophy, the problem of induction. In the mid-eighteenth century David Hume argued that successful prediction tells us nothing about the truth of the predicting theory. No matter how many experimental tests a hypothesis passes, nothing can be legitimately inferred about its truth or probable truth. But physical theory routinely predicts the values of observable magnitudes to many small places of decimals and within very small ranges of error. The chance of this sort of predictive success without a true theory seems so remote that the possibility should be dismissed. This suggests that Hume's argument must be wrong; but there is still no consensus on where exactly this flaw lies. Howson argues that there is no flaw, and examines the implications of this disturbing conclusion for relation between science and its empirical base.
Justification Of Induction By Inference To Lesser Coincidence
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Author : Daniel Jonathan Elstein
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Justification Of Induction By Inference To Lesser Coincidence written by Daniel Jonathan Elstein and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
I begin by identifying David Hume's problem of induction. Hume argues that induction cannot be justified by a priori reasoning, because the failure of induction does not imply contradiction, or by a posteriori reasoning, because reasoning that the unobserved will resemble the observed based on observation would be circular. Hume concludes that induction cannot be justified by any reasoning. The principle that nature is uniform cannot be established without assuming that nature is uniform. But many paradigmatic instances of induction can be justified in terms of something weaker than the principle that nature is uniform, namely a form of reasoning I call "inference to lesser coincidence". This form of reasoning is meant to incorporate traditional formulations of the justification of induction expressed in terms of inference to the best explanation, statistical sampling, and Bayesian reasoning. My version of the argument is as follows: The conditional, time-invariant proposition that vast regularities in progress are likely to continue somewhat further is either true or false. If false, then the regularities we have observed are colossally coincidental. If true, they are far less coincidental. Therefore the proposition is probably true. If, in fact, vast regularities in progress are likely to continue, this has application to specific cases, such as the possibility that the Sun will rise again. I respond to three objections, which claim that time-restricted laws lessen the coincidence of observed regularities without making it likely that the Sun will rise again, that the "sample" of observed events might be biased, and that a zero prior probability assignment for dependence might be justified. I conclude by discussing the meaning of 'cause'.
Choice And Chance
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Author : Brian Skyrms
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Choice And Chance written by Brian Skyrms and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Philosophy categories.
Righting Epistemology
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Author : Bredo Johnsen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
Righting Epistemology written by Bredo Johnsen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Philosophy categories.
Righting Epistemology defends an unrecognized Humean conception of epistemic justification, showing that he is no skeptic, and an argument of his that refutes all extant alternative conceptions. It goes on to trace the development of his thought in Sir Karl Popper, Nelson Goodman, W. V. Quine and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
The Material Theory Of Induction
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Author : John D. Norton
language : en
Publisher: Bsps Open
Release Date : 2021
The Material Theory Of Induction written by John D. Norton and has been published by Bsps Open this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Philosophy categories.
"The inaugural title in the new, Open Access series BSPS Open, The Material Theory of Induction will initiate a new tradition in the analysis of inductive inference. The fundamental burden of a theory of inductive inference is to determine which are the good inductive inferences or relations of inductive support and why it is that they are so. The traditional approach is modeled on that taken in accounts of deductive inference. It seeks universally applicable schemas or rules or a single formal device, such as the probability calculus. After millennia of halting efforts, none of these approaches has been unequivocally successful and debates between approaches persist. The Material Theory of Induction identifies the source of these enduring problems in the assumption taken at the outset: that inductive inference can be accommodated by a single formal account with universal applicability. Instead, it argues that that there is no single, universally applicable formal account. Rather, each domain has an inductive logic native to it. Which that is, and its extent, is determined by the facts prevailing in that domain. Paying close attention to how inductive inference is conducted in science and copiously illustrated with real-world examples, The Material Theory of Induction will initiate a new tradition in the analysis of inductive inference."--