Influence Of Material And Processing On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Prestressing Steel
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Influence Of Material And Processing On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Prestressing Steel Case Studies
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Release Date : 2003
Influence Of Material And Processing On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Prestressing Steel Case Studies written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by fib Fédération internationale du béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This report is a review of selected failures in concrete structures in which prestressing steels break in a brittle way due to stress corrosion cracking. Most cases are from the German experience over a period of about 30 years. Analysis of these failures shows that they are often due to an accumulation of causes such as poor design, errors during construction, careless detailing and, in some cases, use of unsuitable materials. This report will have achieved its purpose if it serves to avoid these past errors and encourages the development of new ways to protect, test and regulate prestressing steels. The report is complemented with comments on the properties and corrosion behaviour of different types of prestressing steels. The goal of the study is to provide objective arguments for the discussion of failures that have occurred due to corrosion induced failure of prestressing steel. In such a way the general regulation given in DIN with respect to reinforcement for robustness may eventually be proven inappropriate. The general building authority approval for prestressed hollow filler block floors already supports such an idea. It is well known that the hollow block floor industry works without any reinforcing steel. The regulations in the standards should not limit in particular the use of these types of prestressing steel (cold-formed wires, strands) which have proven not associated with any substantial failures cases reported in the last 35 years. The report reviews the historical development with respect to corrosion induced failure of prestressing steel. Concerning the circumstances of the failure examples, this review partly reflects a specific problem in Germany. Also reviewed are other known interregional examples of failure which are incorrectly attributed to the prestressed construction method. All cases considered are discussed and the failure reasons thoroughly evaluated, also with reference to the results of most recent research. Another question addressed is whether one should be concerned over corrosion induced retarded failure even when using new generation prestressing steel with correct corrosion protection. Finally a contribution to the following very important question is presented: Do the future prestressed structures possess enough safety against structural failure if they are constructed without reinforcement for robustness but otherwise comply completely with the design standards? To aid a better understanding of this short report on typical failure cases and their origins, the main conditions are set out for corrosion-induced failure of prestressing steel in technical applications. The properties of different types of prestressing steel and their application limits are given in a special section dealing with the influence of building materials on damage development. This report will be of interest to all involved in the construction process. Fundamental scientific discussion has been avoided by reference to well accredited detailed information in the technical literature.
Influence Of Material And Processing On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Prestressing Steel
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Influence Of Material And Processing On Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Prestressing Steel written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Steel categories.
Proceedings Fib Symposium In Stuttgart
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Author : FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete
language : en
Publisher: FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton
Release Date : 2008-09-01
Proceedings Fib Symposium In Stuttgart written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and has been published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Durability Of Concrete And Cement Composites
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Author : Chris L. Page
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-06-30
Durability Of Concrete And Cement Composites written by Chris L. Page and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Whilst most structures made using concrete and cement-based composites have not shown signs of premature degradation, there have been notable exceptions. In addition, there is increasing pressure for new structures to remain in serviceable condition for long periods with only minimal maintenance before being recycled. All these factors have highlighted the issues of what affects the durability of these materials in different circumstances and how material properties can be measured and improved. Durability of concrete and cement composites summarises key research on these important topics.After an introductory chapter, the book reviews the pore structure and chemistry of cement-based materials, providing the foundation for understanding the particular aspects of degradation which are discussed in the following chapters. These include dimensional stability and cracking processes, chemical and microbiological degradation of concrete, corrosion of reinforcing and prestressing steels, deterioration associated with certain aggregates, effects of frost and problems involving fibre-reinforced and polymer-cement composites.With its distinguished international team of contributors, Durability of concrete and cement composites is a standard reference for all those concerned with improving the service life of structures using these materials. - Analyses a range of materials such as reinforced steel in concrete, pre-stressed concrete and cement composites - Discusses key degradation phenomena such as cracking processes and the impact of cold weather conditions - A standard reference for those concerned with improving the service life of structures using concrete and cement based composites
Acceptance Of Stay Cable Systems Using Prestressing Steels
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Acceptance Of Stay Cable Systems Using Prestressing Steels written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by fib Fédération internationale du béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This fib Recommendation gives technical guidelines regarding design, testing, acceptance, installation, qualification, inspection and maintenance of stay cable systems using prestressing steels (strands, wires or bars) as tensile elements, which can be applied internationally. This Recommendation is applicable for cable-stayed bridges and other suspended structures such as roofs. It may also be used for hangers in arch structures and as suspension cables, as appropriate. This Recommendations has been formulated by an international working group comprising more than 20 experts from administrative authorities, universities, laboratories, owners, structural designers, suppliers of prestressing steels and stay cable suppliers. The text has been written to cover best construction practices around the world, and to provide material specifications that are considered to be the most advanced available at the time of preparing this text. For ease of use (for client, designer and cable supplier), the complex content has been arranged thematically according to the system components into chapters focusing on performance characteristics, requirements and acceptance criteria. Requirements and comments have been specified for all parties involved in design and construction in order to aim for a uniform and high quality and durability. The interfaces to the structural designer are highlighted. The essential subjects are: Design and detailing of stay cables including saddles and damping devices Durability requirements and corrosion protection systems Requirements for the materials Testing requirements for the stay cables Installation, tolerances, qualification of companies and personnel Inspection, maintenance and repair. This Recommendation does not cover the technology of stay cables whose tensile elements are ropes, locked-coil cables, etc. or which consist of composite materials. Nevertheless, in many cases the specified performance criteria may also be applicable to these systems, although numerical values given for the acceptance criteria may need to be adjusted. For these systems it has been difficult to provide multiple protective layers similar to those specified for stay cables made from prestressing steel and therefore, the quality of corrosion protection may not be equivalent. While extradosed cables have similarities with stay cables, generally agreed design and system acceptance criteria are not yet available and therefore, this type of cable is not covered.
Benchmarking Of Deemed To Satisfy Provisions In Standards
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Release Date : 2015-05-01
Benchmarking Of Deemed To Satisfy Provisions In Standards written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by fib Fédération internationale du béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Standards for specifying and ensuring the durability of new concrete structures are commonly of the prescriptive kind. fib Bulletin 76: Benchmarking of deemed-to-satisfy provisions in standards - Durability of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chlorides presents the benchmarking of a number of rules for chloride-induced corrosion as given in national codes such as European, US and Australian standards. This new benchmark determines the reliability ranges in the chloride-induced depassivation of rebar if the deemed-to-satisfy rules of different countries are taken into consideration. It does not only involve (probabilistic) calculations using input mainly based on short-term and rapid laboratory-test data but also involves input based on an independent assessment of existing structures. The reliability analyses are carried out using the probabilistic design approach for chloride-induced corrosion presented in fib Bulletin 34: Model Code for Service Life Design (2006), fib Model Code for Concrete Structures 2010 and ISO 16204:2012. The work compares the calculated reliability ranges thus determined with the target reliabilities proposed by current specifications and, based on the comparison, offers a proposal for the improvement of deemed-to-satisfy rules and specifications. fib Bulletin 76 presents and discusses in detail the input data for the examined model parameters and offers an extensive annexe documenting the values of the individual parameters used in the analyses. It thus provides a reliable database for the performance-based probabilistic service-life design of concrete structures exposed to chlorides, be they in the form of salt fog, sea water or de-icing salts.
3rd Fib Congress Washington Usa
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Author : FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete
language : en
Publisher: FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton
Release Date : 2010-06-01
3rd Fib Congress Washington Usa written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and has been published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Ground Support In Mining And Underground Construction
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Author : Ernesto Villaescusa
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2004-09-15
Ground Support In Mining And Underground Construction written by Ernesto Villaescusa and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The purpose of ground support is to safely maintain excavations for their expected lifespan. The effectiveness of ground support can be seen both in terms of personnel and equipment safety, and in terms of allowing the most economic extraction. Scientists, practitioners and technology developers have contributed to this volume, which covers rock mass characterisation, open pit mining and tunnelling. The methods described include modelling and dynamic testing, while international case studies provide ample illustration of both failures and triumphs in ground support.
Constitutive Modelling Of High Strength High Performance Concrete
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Constitutive Modelling Of High Strength High Performance Concrete written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by fib Fédération internationale du béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
High Strength/High Performance Concrete (HSC/HPC) continues to be the object of particular interest and extensive research, and its use in construction is increasing continuously. fib Bulletin 42 summarises the available information on the material behaviour of HSC/HPC, and develops a set of code-type constitutive relations as an extension of CEB-FIP Model Code 1990. Literature on experimental data and international guidelines, standards and recommendations were reviewed, and already-existing constitutive relations and models were evaluated. In addition to a number of material laws chosen and adjusted for this report, some new constitutive relations were developed based on the collected data. The criteria for the choice of the existing relations as well as the development of the new constitutive relations involved their simplicity and operationality (code-type mathematical formulations). Furthermore, they had to be physically sound and if possible describe the behaviour of both high-performance and normal strength concretes by a unique relation. Finally, compliance with the specifications given in the CEB-FIP Model Code 1990 was examined. This State-of-art report is intended for engineers and represents a summary of the relevant knowledge available to and possessed by the members of the Task Group at the time of its drafting.
Guide For Strengthening Of Concrete Structures
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Author : FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete
language : en
Publisher: FIB - International Federation for Structural Concrete
Release Date : 2022-05-01
Guide For Strengthening Of Concrete Structures written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and has been published by FIB - International Federation for Structural Concrete this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The idea of preparing a technical document for the repairs and interventions upon concrete structures goes back to the former fib COM 5: Structural Service Life Aspects, being the goal of the then TG 5.9. After a long period of reduced activity, and taking into account the reorganization of fib commissions that meanwhile took place, on June 2017 a different approach was proposed to push forward the task of TG 8.1 (formerly TG 5.9). The (new) goal of TG 8.1 was to deliver a ‘how-to-do’ guide, gathering together protection, repair, and strengthening techniques for concrete structures. Chapters are intended to provide both guidelines and case-studies, serving as support to the application of fib MC 2020 pre-normative specifications. Each chapter was written by an editorial team comprising desirably at least a researcher, a designer and a contractor. Templates have been prepared in order to harmonize the contents and the presentation of the different methods. Following the writing process, chapters were reviewed by experts and, after amendments by the authors, they underwent a second review process by COM 8 and TG 3.4 members, as well as by different practitioners. For each protection, repair and strengthening method addressed in this guide, readers have a description of when to adopt it, which materials and systems are required, which techniques are available, and what kind of equipment is needed. It then presents a summary of stakeholders’ roles and qualifications, design guidelines referring to most relevant codes and references, the intervention procedure, quality control measures and monitoring and maintenance activities. Due to the extent of the guide, it was decided to publish it as bulletin 102, addressing protection and repair methods, and bulletin 103, addressing strengthening methods. We would like to thank the authors, reviewers and members of COM 8 and TG 3.4 for their work in developing this fib Bulletin, which we hope will be useful for professionals working in the field of existing concrete structures, especially those concerned with life-cycle management and conservation activities. As noted above, this Bulletin is also intended to act as a background and supporting document to the next edition of the fib Model Code for Concrete Structures, which is currently under development under the auspices of TG10.1 with the working title of ‘fib Model Code 2020’.