Information Structure In Spoken Japanese

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Information Structure In Spoken Japanese

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Author : Natsuko Nakagawa
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2020-12-28

Information Structure In Spoken Japanese written by Natsuko Nakagawa and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This study explores information structure (IS) within the framework of corpus linguistics and functional linguistics. As a case study, it investigates IS phenomena in spoken Japanese: particles including so-called topic particles, case particles, and zero particles; word order; and intonation. The study discusses how these phenomena are related to cognitive and communicative mechanisms of humans.

Computational Linguistics

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Author : Kôiti Hasida
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-05

Computational Linguistics written by Kôiti Hasida and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-05 with Computers categories.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference of the Pacific Association for Computational Linguistics, PACLING 2017, held in Yangon, Myanmar, in August 2017. The 28 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on semantics and semantic analysis; statistical machine translation; corpora and corpus-based language processing; syntax and syntactic analysis; document classification; information extraction and text mining; text summarization; text and message understanding; automatic speech recognition; spoken language and dialogue; speech pathology; speech analysis.

Linguistic Foundations Of Narration In Spoken And Sign Languages

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Author : Annika Hübl
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2018-05-15

Linguistic Foundations Of Narration In Spoken And Sign Languages written by Annika Hübl and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

In recent years, the focus of linguistic research has shifted from sentence to larger units such as text and discourse and accordingly from syntax to semantics and pragmatics. This has led to the development and application of corresponding discourse semantic and pragmatic theories such as, for instance, (S)DRT, Centering Theory, Accessibility Theory, QUD, Generalized Conversational Implicatures, Super Monsters and Gesture Semantics and new empirical approaches in the framework of experimental semantics and pragmatics or corpus linguistic discourse analysis. The contributions to this collected volume build on these developments and investigate the linguistic foundations of narration from various perspectives. The contributions address topics such as speech and thought representation, free indirect speech, information structure, anaphora resolution, co-speech gestures, classifier constructions as well as role shift and constructed action. The volume provides new insights in the linguistic structures underlying narration in written, spoken, and sign languages from an experimental, developmental, historical, typological, and theoretical perspective. The contributions will appeal to theoretical linguists, sign language linguists, typologists, literary scholars, psycholinguists, and philosophers.

Referring Expression Generation In Context

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Author : Fahime Same
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2024-06-03

Referring Expression Generation In Context written by Fahime Same and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Reference production, often termed Referring Expression Generation (REG) in computational linguistics, encompasses two distinct tasks: (1) one-shot REG, and (2) REG-in-context. One-shot REG explores which properties of a referent offer a unique description of it. In contrast, REG-in-context asks which (anaphoric) referring expressions are optimal at various points in discourse. This book offers a series of in-depth studies of the REG-in-context task. It thoroughly explores various aspects of the task such as corpus selection, computational methods, feature analysis, and evaluation techniques. The comparative study of different corpora highlights the pivotal role of corpus choice in REG-in-context research, emphasizing its influence on all subsequent model development steps. An experimental analysis of various feature-based machine learning models reveals that those with a concise set of linguistically-informed features can rival models with more features. Furthermore, this work highlights the importance of paragraph-related concepts, an area underexplored in Natural Language Generation (NLG). The book offers a thorough evaluation of different approaches to the REG-in-context task (rule-based, feature-based, and neural end-to-end), and demonstrates that well-crafted, non-neural models are capable of matching or surpassing the performance of neural REG-in-context models. In addition, the book delves into post-hoc experiments, aimed at improving the explainability of both neural and classical REG-in-context models. It also addresses other critical topics, such as the limitations of accuracy-based evaluation metrics and the essential role of human evaluation in NLG research. These studies collectively advance our understanding of REG-in-context. They highlight the importance of selecting appropriate corpora and targeted features. They show the need for context-aware modeling and the value of a comprehensive approach to model evaluation and interpretation. This detailed analysis of REG-in-context paves the way for developing more sophisticated, linguistically-informed, and contextually appropriate NLG systems.

Differential Subject Marking

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Author : Helen de Hoop
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-04

Differential Subject Marking written by Helen de Hoop and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Although (almost) all sentences have subjects, not all sentences encode their subjects in the same way. Some languages overtly mark some subjects, but not others, depending on certain features of the subject argument or the sentence in which the subject figures. This phenomenon is known as Differential Subject Marking (DSM). Languages differ in which conditions govern DSM. Some languages differentiate their subjects on the basis of semantic features of the argument such as thematic role, volitionality, animacy, whereas others differentiate on the basis of clausal features such as tense/aspect and the main/dependent clause distinction. DSM comes in different formal guises: case marking, agreement, inverse systems, and voice alternations. Relatively much is known about cross-linguistic variation in the marking of subjects, yet little attempt has been made to formalize the facts. This volume aims to unify formal approaches to language and presents both specific case studies of DSM and theoretical approaches.

The Cambridge Handbook Of Role And Reference Grammar

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Author : Delia Bentley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023-06-07

The Cambridge Handbook Of Role And Reference Grammar written by Delia Bentley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-07 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) is a theory of language in which linguistic structures are accounted for in terms of the interplay of discourse, semantics and syntax. With contributions from a team of leading scholars, this Handbook provides a field-defining overview of RRG. Assuming no prior knowledge, it introduces the framework step-by-step, and includes a pedagogical guide for instructors. It features in-depth discussions of syntax, morphology, and lexical semantics, including treatments of lexical and grammatical categories, the syntax of simple clauses and complex sentences, and how the linking of syntax with semantics and discourse works in each of these domains. It illustrates RRG's contribution to the study of language acquisition, language change and processing, computational linguistics, and neurolinguistics, and also contains five grammatical sketches which show how RRG analyses work in practice. Comprehensive yet accessible, it is essential reading for anyone who is interested in how grammar interfaces with meaning.

Interaction Between Linguistic And Nonlinguistic Factors

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Author : Masatoshi Koizumi
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2023-12-04

Interaction Between Linguistic And Nonlinguistic Factors written by Masatoshi Koizumi and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Issues in Japanese Psycholinguistics from Comparative Perspectives compiles over 30 state-of-the-art articles on Japanese psycholinguistics. It emphasizes the importance of using comparative perspectives when conducting psycholinguistic research. Psycholinguistic studies of Japanese have contributed greatly to the field from a cross-linguistic perspective. However, the target languages for comparison have been limited. Most research focuses on English and a few other typologically similar languages. As a result, many current theories of psycholinguistics fail to acknowledge the nature of ergative-absolutive and/or object-before-subject languages. The cross-linguistic approach is not the only method of comparison in psycholinguistics. Other prominent comparative aspects include comprehension vs. production, native speakers vs. second language learners, typical vs. aphasic language development. Many of these approaches are underrepresented in Japanese psycholinguistics. The studies reported in the volumes attempt to bridge these gaps. Using various experimental and/or computational methods, they address issues of the universality/diversity of the human language and the nature of the relationship between human cognitive modules. Volume 2, Interaction Between Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Factors, provides studies on the interaction between linguistic and non-linguistic factors.

In Search Of Basic Units Of Spoken Language

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Author : Shlomo Izre'el
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2020-06-15

In Search Of Basic Units Of Spoken Language written by Shlomo Izre'el and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

What is the best way to analyze spontaneous spoken language? In their search for the basic units of spoken language the authors of this volume opt for a corpus-driven approach. They share a strong conviction that prosodic structure is essential for the study of spoken discourse and each bring their own theoretical and practical experience to the table. In the first part of the book they segment spoken material from a range of different languages (Russian, Hebrew, Central Pomo (an indigenous language from California), French, Japanese, Italian, and Brazilian Portuguese). In the second part of the book each author analyzes the same two spoken English samples, but looking at them from different perspectives, using different methods of analysis as reflected in their respective analyses in Part I. This approach allows for common tendencies of segmentation to emerge, both prosodic and segmental.

Processing And Producing Head Final Structures

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Author : Hiroko Yamashita
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-11-05

Processing And Producing Head Final Structures written by Hiroko Yamashita and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This book is the first collection of studies on an important yet under-investigated linguistic phenomenon, the processing and production of head-final syntactic structures. Until now, the remarkable progress made in the field of human sentence processing had been achieved largely by investigating head-initial languages such as English. The goal of the present volume is to deepen our understanding by examining head-final languages and offering a comparison of those results to findings from head-initial languages. This book brings together cross-linguistic investigations of languages with prominent head-final structures such as Basque, Chinese, German, Japanese, Korean, and Hindi. It will inform readers of linguistics with both theoretical and experimental backgrounds, as it provides accounts of previous studies, offers experimentally-based theoretical discussions, and includes experimental stimuli in the original languages.

Handbook Of Intercultural Training

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Author : Dan Landis
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22

Handbook Of Intercultural Training written by Dan Landis and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Social Science categories.

Handbook of Intercultural Training, Volume II: Issues in Training Methodology is a major attempt to describe, critique, and summarize the major known ways to provide cross-cultural training. The collection of essays discusses the stresses of intercultural encounter, as well as how to reduce these. This volume is divided in two parts. The first part discusses context factors, including stress factors in intercultural relations and aspects of organization effectiveness. A cross-cultural experience from the perspective of a program manager is presented, as well as a situational analysis and designing a translator-based training program where alternative designs are forwarded for trainers to use effectively in multicultural and multilingual environments. The second part presents different methods of training. Learning from sojourners and from individuals from various cultures results in different frameworks for interpreting cross-cultural interactions. Consultants, advisors, and experts may find themselves performing outside and beyond their home ground and social groups, so training programs pertaining to their particular situation need to be addressed more profoundly. The training program in race relations by the U.S. Department of Defense is reviewed, and the effects of stereotyping people are discussed and considered as other factors in the preparation of training programs. English is then examined as a tool for intercultural communication, where aspects of intercultural training should be integrated. This book is suitable for overseas workers, foreign students, foreign technical advisers, diplomats, immigrants, and many others who are going to live and work and be exposed to other cultures.