Intangible Flow Theory In Economics
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Intangible Flow Theory In Economics
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Author : Tiago Cardao-Pito
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-13
Intangible Flow Theory In Economics written by Tiago Cardao-Pito and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.
The dominant economic explanations of the 20th century are not comprehensive enough to describe the complexity of economy and society and their reliance on the biosphere. Intangible Flow Theory in Economics: Human Participation in Economic and Societal Production outlines a new theory that challenges both economics and the relativism conveyed in social constructivism, poststructuralism and postmodernism. To mainstream economics and Marxism, monetary flows transform us humans into commodities. To this new theory, flows of economic elements as physical goods or money are consummated by intangible flows that cannot yet be precisely appraised at an actual or approximate value, for instance, workflows, service flows, information flows or communicational flows. The theory suggests a systematic alternative to refute the human commodity framework and interrelated conjectures (e.g. human capital, human resources, human assets). Furthermore, it exhibits that economic and societal production is fully integrated on the biosphere. Conversely, contemporary relativism argues for the end of theory development, suspension of evidence and entrenchment of knowledge validity among local systems (named as paradigms, epistemes, research programs, truth regimes or other terms). Thus, relativism tacitly supports dominant theories as the human commodity framework because it preventively sabotages the creation of new theoretical explanations. Disputing relativist theses, intangible flow theory demonstrates that innovative theoretical explanations remain possible. This book is of significant interest to students and scholars of political economy, economic sociology, organization, economics and social theory.
Intangible Flow Theory Operating Intangibility And Other Economic Characteristics Of Firms
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Author : Tiago Cardao-Pito
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Intangible Flow Theory Operating Intangibility And Other Economic Characteristics Of Firms written by Tiago Cardao-Pito and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Intangible flow theory explains that flows of economic material elements, such as cash or physical goods, are consummated by embedded human related intangible flows, such as services flows, work flows, information flows, knowledge flows or communicational flows, which have properties precluding them to be considered assets or capital. Therefore, mathematical/quantitative research methods are necessary but insufficient to study economy and society. The theory uses the precision approach to capture tangibility (and its opposite), which enables defining cash flows occurred in an identifiable period as tangible flows. To demonstrate intangible flow dynamics, the thesis suggests that corporations may partially organize themselves according to operating needs associated with the tangibility of product (output) flows used to generate material cash flows through sales to customers. For example, firms producing cars or planes might be required to have distinct economic characteristics to firms selling pure services or software. The thesis reviews interdisciplinary literature about products and their characteristics, and introduces the concept of operating intangibility based upon intangible flow theory. This concept assists the problem of classifying corporations according to their product flows' intangibility. For approximately identifying a firm's level of operating intangibility, the methodological framework looks into the absence of its opposite, which can be identified with a certain degree of precision through the accounting proportion that costs of physical goods sold and depreciations of tangible property, equipment and facilities have in total operating expenses. The empirical findings exhibit that a firm's operating intangibility tends to be reflected in several other economic characteristics: size, investment profile, profitability, market valuation, or capital structure. Furthermore, the results show that the level of operating intangibility framework exempts us from the need of assuming that firms registered in the same industry are either homogeneous or sell homogeneous products, because it can be used to classify firms within an industry, or industries themselves. The empirical analysis was conducted on a very large international sample of listed firms containing 15 country sub-samples from Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, USA, and UK.
The Flow Theory Of Economics
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Author : Arthur Edward Powell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1929
The Flow Theory Of Economics written by Arthur Edward Powell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1929 with Economics categories.
Measuring Intangible Value
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Author : David Ivor William Taylor
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2008
Measuring Intangible Value written by David Ivor William Taylor and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
Measurement of intangible benefits is a major problem for governments, commercial organizations, academics, and professionals involved in such disciplines as accountancy and economics. But it doesn't have to be difficult. Measuring Intangible Value brings clarity and understanding to this complex issue. Utilizing more than seven years of research into the concept of intangible value measurement, David I.W. Taylor attempts to bring two theories of intangible measurement together through the application of a redefined concept of value. These two theories include Michael Porter's value chain research and Thomas Saaty's structured decision-making method, analytical hierarchic process, and analytical network process. This study also develops the use of Porter's value chain theory to develop a process by which value can be categorized and then measured, and also considers identification of intangible benefits through categorization. These categories are then formulated as to the least amount of groupings necessary to assist in the options appraisal of project outcomes through the quantification of structured decision-making. Measuring Intangible Value brilliantly forges a relationship between academic theories to create a practical business model perfect for those in any type of organization!
The Tax Adjusted Q Model With Intangible Assets Theory And Evidence From Temporary Investment Tax Incentives
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Author : Sophia Chen
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2014-06-12
The Tax Adjusted Q Model With Intangible Assets Theory And Evidence From Temporary Investment Tax Incentives written by Sophia Chen and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-12 with Business & Economics categories.
We propose a tax-adjusted q model with physical and intangible assets and estimate it with a self-collected comprehensive database of intangible assets. The presence of intangibles changes the accounting and economic measures of q. We show that when tax changes are temporary, the q model can be estimated by adjusting for the firm’s intangible stock and intangible intensity. We estimate our model using temporary investment tax incentive policies in the United States in the early 2000s. When the q-model accounts for intangible assets, the estimated investment elasticity to tax incentives is generally larger than otherwise. It is also larger for intangible-intensive firms, and increases with firm size.
The Sage Encyclopedia Of Economics And Society
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Author : Frederick F. Wherry
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2015-09-01
The Sage Encyclopedia Of Economics And Society written by Frederick F. Wherry and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-01 with Social Science categories.
Economics is the nexus and engine that runs society, affecting societal well-being, raising standards of living when economies prosper or lowering citizens through class structures when economies perform poorly. Our society only has to witness the booms and busts of the past decade to see how economics profoundly affects the cores of societies around the world. From a household budget to international trade, economics ranges from the micro- to the macro-level. It relates to a breadth of social science disciplines that help describe the content of the proposed encyclopedia, which will explicitly approach economics through varied disciplinary lenses. Although there are encyclopedias of covering economics (especially classic economic theory and history), the SAGE Encyclopedia of Economics and Society emphasizes the contemporary world, contemporary issues, and society. Features: 4 volumes with approximately 800 signed articles ranging from 1,000 to 5,000 words each are presented in a choice of print or electronic editions Organized A-to-Z with a thematic Reader's Guide in the front matter groups related entries Articles conclude with References & Future Readings to guide students to the next step on their research journeys Cross-references between and among articles combine with a thorough Index and the Reader's Guide to enhance search-and-browse in the electronic version Pedagogical elements include a Chronology of Economics and Society, Resource Guide, and Glossary This academic, multi-author reference work will serve as a general, non-technical resource for students and researchers within social science programs who seek to better understand economics through a contemporary lens.
Intangible Assets In Business Valuation With Emphasis On Real Options Approach
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Author : Selcuk Kocak
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2008-07-29
Intangible Assets In Business Valuation With Emphasis On Real Options Approach written by Selcuk Kocak and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: B, University of Applied Sciences Berlin, 26 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The change in the economy in the 20th century is more towards an economy based on ideas, away from the matter based economy of earlier times. The emphasis has shifted from natural resources to thought, ideas, design and organization11 Services replaced the importance of manufacturing. Contractor 2001, names this overall change as a de-materialization of the economy and quantifies the significance of the change by pointing out that by the end of the twentieth century 79 percent of jobs and 76 percent of the GNP in the United States were in the service sector. This change wasn't visible only in the US. European and Emerging nations did also portray similar trends. In 1969 Tobin introduced a new ratio called Tobin's q Ratio12, which have been a great influence on the valuation/measure of intangible components of enterprises. Having a look at the example of Microsoft's ratio between its market value and its book value, which in 1999 25 to 1 was, reveals the fact that most of the value is in the form of knowledge capital, in its employees, organization, patents, copyrights, brand value, etc. This ratio is bound to increase as the importance of intangible assets rises over the course of years. Though this increase is certain and expected, the valuation of these assets is still not clarified nor agreed upon. The value of the intangible assets is of importance to different audiences such as academicians, scholars, accountants, consultants, etc. and they haven't been able to come up with one single approach to solving the problem. This thesis will focus on a particular subset of intangible assets, namely patents, and demonstrate how to value them.
The Economic Importance Of Intangible Assets
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Author : Patrizio Bianchi
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-30
The Economic Importance Of Intangible Assets written by Patrizio Bianchi and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-30 with Business & Economics categories.
This book is the result of a two-year interdisciplinary research programme named PRISM (Policy making, Reporting and measuring, Intangibles, Skills development and Management), financed by the European Commission and aimed both at understanding better how these assets are created and developed and what the policy implications of their growing importance in economies are. The book focuses on the policy issues raised by the increasing importance of intangible assets in a country's growth and competitiveness. The main idea is that the value of intangible assets, which is imperfectly captured by current economic indicators and imperfectly formalized in economic theory, lies in their being the cumulative elements that keep the economy together - the glue of the system. This argument leads to the focus on networks and social capital as drivers of the development of intangible assets and is illustrated by the case of EU innovation and knowledge diffusion policy.
Foundations Of Post Schumpeterian Economics
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Author : Beniamino Callegari
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-30
Foundations Of Post Schumpeterian Economics written by Beniamino Callegari and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The neo-Schumpeterian interpretation dominating the field of evolutionary economics puts focus on technological innovation, Darwinian evolution and economic growth, and has proven to be fertile ground for the past forty years. However, as the evolutionary school attempts to engage with a world of inequality, financialization and economic fragility, the limits of such an interpretation begin to show. Contributing to the development of a more balanced post-Schumpeterian economics, this book offers a complementary interpretation of Schumpeter’s theory which is based on economic innovation, Bergsonian creative evolution and monetary mechanisms and institutions. The theoretical consequences of this new interpretation are significant and numerous. First, it leads to a conceptual separation of economic and technological innovation. Second, it offers a deeper integration of monetary and financial elements within the theory of the process of development, illustrating the adaptive and planning role provided by financial speculation under capitalist conditions. Third, it provides the foundations for a post-Schumpeterian theory of capitalist crisis, built on the relationship between innovation funding, the institutional development of banking and speculative credit creation. Finally, by discussing several key recent developments in evolutionary economics, the interpretation illustrates the opportunities unlocked by a pluralist approach to disciplinary development, aiming towards the development of a comprehensive post-Schumpeterian approach to economics. This text is essential reading for scholars and students of Schumpeter, evolutionary economics, post-Keynesian economics, institutional economics and all economists interested in the ontological, methodological and theoretical challenges posed by economic development.
Value And Unequal Exchange In International Trade
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Author : Andrea Ricci
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-05-20
Value And Unequal Exchange In International Trade written by Andrea Ricci and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Contrary to the claims made by neoliberal governments and mainstream academics, this book argues that the huge increase in trade in recent decades has not made the world a fairer place: instead, the age of globalization has become a time of mass migration caused by increasing global inequality. The theory of unequal exchange challenges the free trade doctrine, claiming that transfers of value from poorer to richer countries are hidden behind apparently equivalent market transactions. Following a critical review of the existing approaches, the book proposes a general theory of unequal exchange in the light of an innovative reconstruction of Marx’s international law of value, in which money and exchange rates play a crucial role in decoupling value captured from value produced by different countries, even in perfectly competitive world markets. On this theoretical basis, the book provides an empirical analysis of the international transfers of value in both traditional trade and Global Value Chains. The resulting world mapping of unequal exchange shows the geographical hierarchy of capital global exploitation by revealing a world divided into two quite separate camps of donor and receiving countries, the former being the poorer countries and the latter the richer countries. This book is addressed to scholars and students of economics and social sciences, as well as activists of the North and the South, interested in a better understanding of the asymmetric power relations implied in global trade. It makes a significant contribution to the literature on political economy, trade, Marxism, international relations, and economic geography.