Intangible Flow Theory Operating Intangibility And Other Economic Characteristics Of Firms
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Intangible Flow Theory Operating Intangibility And Other Economic Characteristics Of Firms
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Author : Tiago Cardao-Pito
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Intangible Flow Theory Operating Intangibility And Other Economic Characteristics Of Firms written by Tiago Cardao-Pito and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Intangible flow theory explains that flows of economic material elements, such as cash or physical goods, are consummated by embedded human related intangible flows, such as services flows, work flows, information flows, knowledge flows or communicational flows, which have properties precluding them to be considered assets or capital. Therefore, mathematical/quantitative research methods are necessary but insufficient to study economy and society. The theory uses the precision approach to capture tangibility (and its opposite), which enables defining cash flows occurred in an identifiable period as tangible flows. To demonstrate intangible flow dynamics, the thesis suggests that corporations may partially organize themselves according to operating needs associated with the tangibility of product (output) flows used to generate material cash flows through sales to customers. For example, firms producing cars or planes might be required to have distinct economic characteristics to firms selling pure services or software. The thesis reviews interdisciplinary literature about products and their characteristics, and introduces the concept of operating intangibility based upon intangible flow theory. This concept assists the problem of classifying corporations according to their product flows' intangibility. For approximately identifying a firm's level of operating intangibility, the methodological framework looks into the absence of its opposite, which can be identified with a certain degree of precision through the accounting proportion that costs of physical goods sold and depreciations of tangible property, equipment and facilities have in total operating expenses. The empirical findings exhibit that a firm's operating intangibility tends to be reflected in several other economic characteristics: size, investment profile, profitability, market valuation, or capital structure. Furthermore, the results show that the level of operating intangibility framework exempts us from the need of assuming that firms registered in the same industry are either homogeneous or sell homogeneous products, because it can be used to classify firms within an industry, or industries themselves. The empirical analysis was conducted on a very large international sample of listed firms containing 15 country sub-samples from Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, USA, and UK.
Intangible Flow Theory In Economics
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Author : Tiago Cardao-Pito
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-13
Intangible Flow Theory In Economics written by Tiago Cardao-Pito and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.
The dominant economic explanations of the 20th century are not comprehensive enough to describe the complexity of economy and society and their reliance on the biosphere. Intangible Flow Theory in Economics: Human Participation in Economic and Societal Production outlines a new theory that challenges both economics and the relativism conveyed in social constructivism, poststructuralism and postmodernism. To mainstream economics and Marxism, monetary flows transform us humans into commodities. To this new theory, flows of economic elements as physical goods or money are consummated by intangible flows that cannot yet be precisely appraised at an actual or approximate value, for instance, workflows, service flows, information flows or communicational flows. The theory suggests a systematic alternative to refute the human commodity framework and interrelated conjectures (e.g. human capital, human resources, human assets). Furthermore, it exhibits that economic and societal production is fully integrated on the biosphere. Conversely, contemporary relativism argues for the end of theory development, suspension of evidence and entrenchment of knowledge validity among local systems (named as paradigms, epistemes, research programs, truth regimes or other terms). Thus, relativism tacitly supports dominant theories as the human commodity framework because it preventively sabotages the creation of new theoretical explanations. Disputing relativist theses, intangible flow theory demonstrates that innovative theoretical explanations remain possible. This book is of significant interest to students and scholars of political economy, economic sociology, organization, economics and social theory.
Intangible Flow Theory In Economics
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Author : Tiago Cardao-Pito
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-13
Intangible Flow Theory In Economics written by Tiago Cardao-Pito and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.
The dominant economic explanations of the 20th century are not comprehensive enough to describe the complexity of economy and society and their reliance on the biosphere. Intangible Flow Theory in Economics: Human Participation in Economic and Societal Production outlines a new theory that challenges both economics and the relativism conveyed in social constructivism, poststructuralism and postmodernism. To mainstream economics and Marxism, monetary flows transform us humans into commodities. To this new theory, flows of economic elements as physical goods or money are consummated by intangible flows that cannot yet be precisely appraised at an actual or approximate value, for instance, workflows, service flows, information flows or communicational flows. The theory suggests a systematic alternative to refute the human commodity framework and interrelated conjectures (e.g. human capital, human resources, human assets). Furthermore, it exhibits that economic and societal production is fully integrated on the biosphere. Conversely, contemporary relativism argues for the end of theory development, suspension of evidence and entrenchment of knowledge validity among local systems (named as paradigms, epistemes, research programs, truth regimes or other terms). Thus, relativism tacitly supports dominant theories as the human commodity framework because it preventively sabotages the creation of new theoretical explanations. Disputing relativist theses, intangible flow theory demonstrates that innovative theoretical explanations remain possible. This book is of significant interest to students and scholars of political economy, economic sociology, organization, economics and social theory.
Financial Constraints Intangible Assets And Firm Dynamics
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Author : Sophia Chen
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2014-05-14
Financial Constraints Intangible Assets And Firm Dynamics written by Sophia Chen and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-14 with Social Science categories.
I study whether firms' reliance on intangible assets is an important determinant of financing constraints. I construct new measures of firm-level physical and intangible assets using accounting information on U.S. public firms. I find that firms with a higher share of intangible assets in total assets start smaller, grow faster, and have higher Tobin’s q. Asset tangibility predicts firm dynamics and Tobin’s q up to 30 years but has diminishing predicative power. I develop a model of endogenous financial constraints in which firm size and value are limited by the enforceability of financial contracts. Asset tangibility matters because physical and intangible assets differ in their residual value when the contract is repudiated. This mechanism is qualitatively important to explain stylized facts of firm dynamics and Tobin’s q.
Capitalism Without Capital
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Author : Jonathan Haskel
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-16
Capitalism Without Capital written by Jonathan Haskel and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Early in the twenty-first century, a quiet revolution occurred. For the first time, the major developed economies began to invest more in intangible assets, like design, branding, and software, than in tangible assets, like machinery, buildings, and computers. For all sorts of businesses, the ability to deploy assets that one can neither see nor touch is increasingly the main source of long-term success. But this is not just a familiar story of the so-called new economy. Capitalism without Capital shows that the growing importance of intangible assets has also played a role in some of the larger economic changes of the past decade, including the growth in economic inequality and the stagnation of productivity. Jonathan Haskel and Stian Westlake explore the unusual economic characteristics of intangible investment and discuss how an economy rich in intangibles is fundamentally different from one based on tangibles. Capitalism without Capital concludes by outlining how managers, investors, and policymakers can exploit the characteristics of an intangible age to grow their businesses, portfolios, and economies.
Profits In The Long Run
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Author : Dennis C. Mueller
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1986-04-03
Profits In The Long Run written by Dennis C. Mueller and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-04-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Discovers that there are persistent differences in market power among large U. S. companies by analyzing data for the 1000 largest manufacturing firms in 1950 and 1972. Considers the influence of risk, sales, diversification, growth and managerial control on long run profitability.
Bank Lending In The Knowledge Economy
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Author : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-11-07
Bank Lending In The Knowledge Economy written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-07 with Business & Economics categories.
We study bank portfolio allocations during the transition of the real sector to a knowledge economy in which firms use less tangible capital and invest more in intangible assets. We show that, as firms shift toward intangible assets that have lower collateral values, banks reallocate their portfolios away from commercial loans toward other assets, primarily residential real estate loans and liquid assets. This effect is more pronounced for large and less well capitalized banks and is robust to controlling for real estate loan demand. Our results suggest that increased firm investment in intangible assets can explain up to 20% of bank portfolio reallocation from commercial to residential lending over the last four decades.
Rbi Grade B Officer Phase 2 Mains Exam Economic Social Issues Finance Management 1000 Solved Objective Questions 16 Mock Test Paper I Iii
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Author : EduGorilla Prep Experts
language : en
Publisher: EduGorilla Community Pvt. Ltd.
Release Date : 2022-08-03
Rbi Grade B Officer Phase 2 Mains Exam Economic Social Issues Finance Management 1000 Solved Objective Questions 16 Mock Test Paper I Iii written by EduGorilla Prep Experts and has been published by EduGorilla Community Pvt. Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-03 with Education categories.
• Best Selling Book for RBI Grade B Officer Phase 2 Exam (Mains) with objective-type questions as per the latest syllabus given by the RBI. • Compare your performance with other students using Smart Answer Sheets in EduGorilla’s RBI Grade B Officer Phase 2 Exam (Mains) Practice Kit. • RBI Grade B Officer Phase 2 Exam (Mains) Preparation Kit comes with 16 Mock Tests (Economic & Social Issues + Finance & Management) with the best quality content. • Increase your chances of selection by 14X. • RBI Grade B Officer Phase 2 Exam (Mains) Prep Kit comes with well-structured and 100% detailed solutions for all the questions. • Clear exam with good grades using thoroughly Researched Content by experts.
Tec H Tonic Shifts Taxing The Digital Economy
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Author : Aqib Aslam
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2020-05-29
Tec H Tonic Shifts Taxing The Digital Economy written by Aqib Aslam and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The ever-increasing digitalization of businesses has accelerated the need to address the many shortcomings and unresolved issues within the international corporate income tax system. In particular, the customer or “user”—through their online activities—is now considered by many as being a critical driving force behind the value of digital services. Furthermore, the rapid growth of digital service providers over the last decade has made them an increasingly popular target for special taxes—similar to wealth and solidarity taxes—which can also help mobilize much-needed revenues in the wake of a crisis. This paper argues that a plausible conceptual case can be made to tax the value generated by users under the corporate income tax. However, a number of issues need to be tackled for user-based tax measures to become a reality, which include agreement among countries on whether user value justifies a reallocation of taxing rights, establishing the legal right to tax income derived from user value, as well as an appropriate metric for valuing user-generated data if it is ever to be used as a tax base. Furthermore, attempting to tax only certain types of business is ill-advised, especially as user data is now being exploited widely enough for it to be recognized as an input for almost all businesses. Several options present themselves for consideration—from a modified permanent establishment definition combined with taxation by formulary apportionment, to user-based royalty-type taxes—each with their own merits and misdemeanors.
Measuring Capital In The New Economy
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Author : Carol Corrado
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2009-02-15
Measuring Capital In The New Economy written by Carol Corrado and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-15 with Business & Economics categories.
As the accelerated technological advances of the past two decades continue to reshape the United States' economy, intangible assets and high-technology investments are taking larger roles. These developments have raised a number of concerns, such as: how do we measure intangible assets? Are we accurately appraising newer, high-technology capital? The answers to these questions have broad implications for the assessment of the economy's growth over the long term, for the pace of technological advancement in the economy, and for estimates of the nation's wealth. In Measuring Capital in the New Economy, Carol Corrado, John Haltiwanger, Daniel Sichel, and a host of distinguished collaborators offer new approaches for measuring capital in an economy that is increasingly dominated by high-technology capital and intangible assets. As the contributors show, high-tech capital and intangible assets affect the economy in ways that are notoriously difficult to appraise. In this detailed and thorough analysis of the problem and its solutions, the contributors study the nature of these relationships and provide guidance as to what factors should be included in calculations of different types of capital for economists, policymakers, and the financial and accounting communities alike.