Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions
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Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions
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Author : Dionys Baeriswyl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions written by Dionys Baeriswyl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
As its name suggests, the 1988 workshop on "Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimen the wide variety of physical effects that are associated with (possibly sions" focused on strongly) correlated electrons interacting in quasi-one- and quasi-two-dimensional mate rials. Among the phenomena discussed were superconductivity, magnetic ordering, the metal-insulator transition, localization, the fractional Quantum Hall effect (QHE), Peierls and spin-Peierls transitions, conductance fluctuations and sliding charge-density (CDW) and spin-density (SDW) waves. That these effects appear most pronounced in systems of reduced dimensionality was amply demonstrated at the meeting. Indeed, when concrete illustrations were presented, they typically involved chain-like materials such as conjugated polymers, inorganic CDW systems and organie conductors, or layered materials such as high-temperature copper-oxide superconductors, certain of the organic superconductors, and the QHE samples, or devices where the electrons are confined to a restricted region of sample, e. g. , the depletion layer of a MOSFET. To enable this broad subject to be covered in thirty-five lectures (and ab out half as many posters), the workshop was deliberately focused on theoretical models for these phenomena and on methods for describing as faithfully as possible the "true" behav ior of these models. This latter emphasis was especially important, since the inherently many-body nature of problems involving interacting electrons renders conventional effec tive single-particle/mean-field methods (e. g. , Hartree-Fock or the local-density approxi mation in density-functional theory) highly suspect. Again, this is particularly true in reduced dimensions, where strong quantum fluctuations can invalidatemean-field results.
Interacting Electrons And Quantum Magnetism
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Author : Assa Auerbach
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Interacting Electrons And Quantum Magnetism written by Assa Auerbach and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In the excitement and rapid pace of developments, writing pedagogical texts has low priority for most researchers. However, in transforming my lecture l notes into this book, I found a personal benefit: the organization of what I understand in a (hopefully simple) logical sequence. Very little in this text is my original contribution. Most of the knowledge was collected from the research literature. Some was acquired by conversations with colleagues; a kind of physics oral tradition passed between disciples of a similar faith. For many years, diagramatic perturbation theory has been the major theoretical tool for treating interactions in metals, semiconductors, itiner ant magnets, and superconductors. It is in essence a weak coupling expan sion about free quasiparticles. Many experimental discoveries during the last decade, including heavy fermions, fractional quantum Hall effect, high temperature superconductivity, and quantum spin chains, are not readily accessible from the weak coupling point of view. Therefore, recent years have seen vigorous development of alternative, nonperturbative tools for handling strong electron-electron interactions. I concentrate on two basic paradigms of strongly interacting (or con strained) quantum systems: the Hubbard model and the Heisenberg model. These models are vehicles for fundamental concepts, such as effective Ha miltonians, variational ground states, spontaneous symmetry breaking, and quantum disorder. In addition, they are used as test grounds for various nonperturbative approximation schemes that have found applications in diverse areas of theoretical physics.
Optical Phenomena In Semiconductor Structures Of Reduced Dimensions
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Author : D.J. Lockwood
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Optical Phenomena In Semiconductor Structures Of Reduced Dimensions written by D.J. Lockwood and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Remarkable advances in semiconductor growth and processing technologies continue to have a profound impact on condensed-matter physics and to stimulate the invention of novel optoelectronic effects. Intensive research on the behaviors of free carriers has been carried out in the two-dimensional systems of semiconductor heterostructures and in the one and zero-dimensional systems of nanostructures created by the state-of-the-art fabrication methods. These studies have uncovered unexpected quantum mechanical correlations that arise because of the combined effects of strong electron-electron interactions and wave function confinement associated with reduced dimensionality. The investigations of these phenomena are currently at the frontiers of condensed-matter physics. They include areas like the fractional quantum Hall effect, the dynamics of electrons on an ultra short (femtosecond) time scale, electron behavior in quantum wires and dots, and studies of electron tunneling phenomena in ultra small semiconductor structures. Optical techniques have made important contributions to these fields in recent years, but there has been no coherent review of this work until now. The book provides an overview of these recent developments that will be of interest to semiconductor materials scientists in university, government and industrial laboratories.
Strong Interactions In Low Dimensions
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Author : D. Baeriswyl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-29
Strong Interactions In Low Dimensions written by D. Baeriswyl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-29 with Science categories.
This book provides an attempt to convey the colorful facets of condensed matter systems with reduced dimensionality. Some of the specific features predicted for interacting one-dimensional electron systems, such as charge- and spin-density waves, have been observed in many quasi-one-dimensional materials. The two-dimensional world is even richer: besides d-wave superconductivity and the Quantum Hall Effect - perhaps the most spectacular phases explored during the last two decades - many collective charge and spin states have captured the interest of researchers, such as charge stripes or spontaneously generated circulating currents. Recent years have witnessed important progress in material preparation, measurement techniques and theoretical methods. Today larger and better samples, higher flux for neutron beams, advanced light sources, better resolution in electron spectroscopy, new computational algorithms, and the development of field-theoretical approaches allow an in-depth analysis of the complex many-body behaviour of low-dimensional materials. The epoch when simple mean-field arguments were sufficient for describing the gross features observed experimentally is definitely over. The Editors' aim is to thoroughly explain a number of selected topics: the application of dynamical probes, such as neutron scattering, optical absorption and photoemission, as well as transport studies, both electrical and thermal. Some of the more theoretical chapters are directly relevant for experiments, such as optical spectroscopy, transport in one-dimensional models, and the phenomenology of charge inhomogeneities in layered materials, while others discuss more general topics and methods, for example the concept of a Luttinger liquid and bosonization, or duality transformations, both promising tools for treating strongly interacting many-body systems.
Proceedings Of The Symposium On Electroresponsive Molecular And Polymeric Systems Brookhaven National Laboratory
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Author : Terje A. Skotheim
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1990
Proceedings Of The Symposium On Electroresponsive Molecular And Polymeric Systems Brookhaven National Laboratory written by Terje A. Skotheim and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Science categories.
Inelastic Light Scattering Of Semiconductor Nanostructures
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Author : Christian Schüller
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-09-14
Inelastic Light Scattering Of Semiconductor Nanostructures written by Christian Schüller and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The field of semiconductor nanostructures is of enormous and still-growing research interest. On one hand, they are already realized in mass products such as high-electron-mobility field-effect transistors and quantum-well lasers. On the other hand, they allow, in specially tailored systems, the investigation of fundamental properties such as many-particle interactions of electrons in reduced dimensions. This book bridges the gap between general semiconductor textbooks and research articles.
Strongly Correlated Electron Systems Proceedings Of The Anniversary Adriatico Research Conference And Workshop
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Author : G Baskaran
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1990-01-01
Strongly Correlated Electron Systems Proceedings Of The Anniversary Adriatico Research Conference And Workshop written by G Baskaran and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-01-01 with categories.
Condensed Systems Of Low Dimensionality
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Author : J.L. Beeby
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Condensed Systems Of Low Dimensionality written by J.L. Beeby and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The NATO Special Programme Panel on Condensed Systems of Low Dimensionality began its work in 1985 at a time of considerable activity in the field. The Panel has since funded many Advanced Research Workshops, Advanced Study Institutes, Cooperative Research Grants and Research Visits across the breadth of its remit, which stretches from self-organizing organic molecules to semiconductor structures having two, one and zero dimensions. The funded activities, especially the workshops, have allowed researchers from within NATO countries to exchange ideas and work together at a period of development of the field when such interactions are most valuable. Such timely support has undoubtedly assisted the development of national programs, particularly in the countries of the alliance wishing to strengthen their science base. A closing Workshop to mark the end of the Panel's activities was organized in Marmaris, Turkey from April 23-27, 1990, with the same title as the Panel: Condensed systems of Low Dimensionality. This volume contains papers presented at that meeting, which sought to bring together chemists, physicists and engineers from across the spectrum of the Panel's activities to discuss topics of current interest in their special fields and to exchange ideas about the effects of low dimensionality. As the following pages show, this is a topic of extraordinary interest and challenge which produces entirely new scientific phenomena, and at the same time offers the possibility of novel technological applications.
Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors
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Author : Steven P. Beaumont
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors written by Steven P. Beaumont and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This volume comprises the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Science and Engineering of 1- and O-dimensional semiconductors held at the University of Cadiz from 29th March to 1st April 1989, under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Program. There is a wealth of scientific activity on the properties of two-dimensional semiconductors arising largely from the ease with which such structures can now be grown by precision epitaxy techniques or created by inversion at the silicon-silicon dioxide interface. Only recently, however, has there burgeoned an interest in the properties of structures in which carriers are further confined with only one or, in the extreme, zero degrees of freedom. This workshop was one of the first meetings to concentrate almost exclusively on this subject: that the attendance of some forty researchers only represented the community of researchers in the field testifies to its rapid expansion, which has arisen from the increasing availability of technologies for fabricating structures with small enough (sub - O. I/tm) dimensions. Part I of this volume is a short section on important topics in nanofabrication. It should not be assumed from the brevity of this section that there is little new to be said on this issue: rather that to have done justice to it would have diverted attention from the main purpose of the meeting which was to highlight experimental and theoretical research on the structures themselves.
Quantum Simulations Of Condensed Matter Phenomena International Workshop
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Author : James E Gubernatis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1989-12-01
Quantum Simulations Of Condensed Matter Phenomena International Workshop written by James E Gubernatis and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-12-01 with Science categories.
The purpose of this workshop is to present and exchange information on rapidly growing areas in physics and chemistry where quantum simulation techniques are being developed and applied to the study of a variety of condensed matter phenomena. These techniques include, but are not limited to zero and finite temperature many-electron Monte Carlo methods, quantum spin systems techniques, variational and Green's function Monte Carlo methods, exact diagonalization studies of small clusters, and studies of real-time quantum dynamics by path-integral and related approaches.