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Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors


Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors
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Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors


Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors
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Author : Steven P. Beaumont
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Science And Engineering Of One And Zero Dimensional Semiconductors written by Steven P. Beaumont and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


This volume comprises the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Science and Engineering of 1- and O-dimensional semiconductors held at the University of Cadiz from 29th March to 1st April 1989, under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Program. There is a wealth of scientific activity on the properties of two-dimensional semiconductors arising largely from the ease with which such structures can now be grown by precision epitaxy techniques or created by inversion at the silicon-silicon dioxide interface. Only recently, however, has there burgeoned an interest in the properties of structures in which carriers are further confined with only one or, in the extreme, zero degrees of freedom. This workshop was one of the first meetings to concentrate almost exclusively on this subject: that the attendance of some forty researchers only represented the community of researchers in the field testifies to its rapid expansion, which has arisen from the increasing availability of technologies for fabricating structures with small enough (sub - O. I/tm) dimensions. Part I of this volume is a short section on important topics in nanofabrication. It should not be assumed from the brevity of this section that there is little new to be said on this issue: rather that to have done justice to it would have diverted attention from the main purpose of the meeting which was to highlight experimental and theoretical research on the structures themselves.



Lower Dimensional Systems And Molecular Electronics


Lower Dimensional Systems And Molecular Electronics
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Author : Robert M. Metzger
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

Lower Dimensional Systems And Molecular Electronics written by Robert M. Metzger and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.


This volume represents the written account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute "Lower-Dimensional Systems and Molecular Electronics" held at Hotel Spetses, Spetses Island, Greece from 12 June to 23 June 1989. The goal of the Institute was to demonstrate the breadth of chemical and physical knowledge that has been acquired in the last 20 years in inorganic and organic crystals, polymers, and thin films, which exhibit phenomena of reduced dimensionality. The interest in these systems started in the late 1960's with lower-dimensional inorganic conductors, in the early 1970's with quasi-one-dimensional crystalline organic conductors. which by 1979 led to the first organic superconductors, and, in 1977, to the fITSt conducting polymers. The study of monolayer films (Langmuir-Blodgett films) had progressed since the 1930's, but reached a great upsurge in . the early 1980's. The pursuit of non-linear optical phenomena became increasingly popular in the early 1980's, as the attention turned from inorganic crystals to organic films and polymers. And in the last few years the term "moleculw' electronics" has gained ever-increasing acceptance, although it is used in several contexts. We now have organic superconductors with critical temperatures in excess of 10 K, conducting polymers that are soluble and processable, and used commercially; we have films of a few monolayers that have high in-plane electrical conductivity, and polymers that show great promise in photonics; we even have a few devices that function almost at the molecular level.



Proceedings Of The Tenth International Workshop On The Physics Of Semiconductor Devices December 14 18 1999 New Delhi 2 2000


Proceedings Of The Tenth International Workshop On The Physics Of Semiconductor Devices December 14 18 1999 New Delhi 2 2000
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Allied Publishers
Release Date : 2000

Proceedings Of The Tenth International Workshop On The Physics Of Semiconductor Devices December 14 18 1999 New Delhi 2 2000 written by and has been published by Allied Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.




Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions


Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions
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Author : Dionys Baeriswyl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions written by Dionys Baeriswyl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


As its name suggests, the 1988 workshop on "Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimen the wide variety of physical effects that are associated with (possibly sions" focused on strongly) correlated electrons interacting in quasi-one- and quasi-two-dimensional mate rials. Among the phenomena discussed were superconductivity, magnetic ordering, the metal-insulator transition, localization, the fractional Quantum Hall effect (QHE), Peierls and spin-Peierls transitions, conductance fluctuations and sliding charge-density (CDW) and spin-density (SDW) waves. That these effects appear most pronounced in systems of reduced dimensionality was amply demonstrated at the meeting. Indeed, when concrete illustrations were presented, they typically involved chain-like materials such as conjugated polymers, inorganic CDW systems and organie conductors, or layered materials such as high-temperature copper-oxide superconductors, certain of the organic superconductors, and the QHE samples, or devices where the electrons are confined to a restricted region of sample, e. g. , the depletion layer of a MOSFET. To enable this broad subject to be covered in thirty-five lectures (and ab out half as many posters), the workshop was deliberately focused on theoretical models for these phenomena and on methods for describing as faithfully as possible the "true" behav ior of these models. This latter emphasis was especially important, since the inherently many-body nature of problems involving interacting electrons renders conventional effec tive single-particle/mean-field methods (e. g. , Hartree-Fock or the local-density approxi mation in density-functional theory) highly suspect. Again, this is particularly true in reduced dimensions, where strong quantum fluctuations can invalidatemean-field results.



Resonant Tunneling In Semiconductors


Resonant Tunneling In Semiconductors
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Author : L.L. Chang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Resonant Tunneling In Semiconductors written by L.L. Chang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Resonant Tunneling in Semiconductors: Physics and Applications", held at Escorial, Spain, on May 14-18, 1990. The tremendous growth in the past two decades in the field of resonant tunneling in semiconductor heterostructures has followed, if not outpaced, the expansion wit nessed in quantum structures in general. Resonant tunneling shares also the multi disciplinary nature of that broad area, with an emphasis on the underlying physics but with a coverage of material systems on the one end and device applications on the other. Indeed, that resonant tunneling provides great flexibility in terms of materials and configurations and that it is inherently a fast process with obvious device impli cations by the presence of a negative differential resistance have contributed to the unrelenting interest in this field. These proceedings consist of 49 refereed articles; they correspond to both invited and contributed talks at the workshop. Because of the intertwinning nature of the subject matter, it has been difficult to subdivide them in well-defined sections. Instead, they are arranged in several broad categories, meant to serve only as guidelines of emphasis on different topics and aspects. The book starts with an introduction to res onant tunneling by providing a perspective of the field in the first article. This is fol lowed by discussions of different material systems with various band-structure effects.



Hot Electrons In Semiconductors


Hot Electrons In Semiconductors
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Author : N. Balkan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998

Hot Electrons In Semiconductors written by N. Balkan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Science categories.


Since the arrival of the transistor in 1947, research in hot electrons, like any field in semiconductor research, has grown at a stunning rate. From a physicist's point of view the understanding of hot electrons and their interactions with the lattice has always been a challenging problem of condensed matter physics. Recently, with the advent of novel fabrication techniques such as electron beam or plasma etching and the advanced growth techniques such as the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metallo-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), it has become possible to fabricate semiconductor devices with sub-micron dimensions where the electrons are confined to two (quantum well), one (quantum wire) or zero (quantum dot) dimensions. In devices of such dimensions a few volts applied to the device result in the setting up of very high electric fields, hence a substantial heating of electrons. Thus electronic transport in the device becomes non- linear and can no longer be described using the simple equations of Ohm's law. The understanding of the operations of such devices, and the realisations of more advanced ones make it necessary to understand the dynamics of hot electrons. There is an obvious lack of good reference books on hot electrons in semiconductors. The few that exist either cover a very narrow field or are becoming quite outdated. This book is therefore written with the aim of filling the vacuum in an area where there is much demand for a comprehensive reference book. The book is intended for both established researchers and graduate students, and gives a complete account of the historical development of the subject, together with current research interests and future trends. The contributions are written by leading scientists in the field. They cover the physics of hot electrons in bulk and low dimensional device technology. The material is organised into subject area that can be classified broadly into five groups: (1)introduction and overview, (2)hot electron phonon interactions and the ultra-fast phenomena in bulk and two dimensional structures, (3)hot electrons in both long and short quantum wires and quantum dots, (4) hot electron tunnelling and hot electron transport in superlattices, and (5) novel devices based on hot electron transport. The chapters are grouped according to subject matter as far as possible. However, although there is much overlap of ideas and concepts, each chapter is essentially independent of the others.



Low Dimensional Semiconductor Structures


Low Dimensional Semiconductor Structures
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Author : Hilmi Ünlü
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-14

Low Dimensional Semiconductor Structures written by Hilmi Ünlü and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-14 with Science categories.


Starting with the first transistor in 1949, the world has experienced a technological revolution which has permeated most aspects of modern life, particularly over the last generation. Yet another such revolution looms up before us with the newly developed capability to control matter on the nanometer scale. A truly extraordinary research effort, by scientists, engineers, technologists of all disciplines, in nations large and small throughout the world, is directed and vigorously pressed to develop a full understanding of the properties of matter at the nanoscale and its possible applications, to bring to fruition the promise of nanostructures to introduce a new generation of electronic and optical devices. The physics of low dimensional semiconductor structures, including heterostructures, superlattices, quantum wells, wires and dots is reviewed and their modeling is discussed in detail. The truly exceptional material, Graphene, is reviewed; its functionalization and Van der Waals interactions are included here. Recent research on optical studies of quantum dots and on the physical properties of one-dimensional quantum wires is also reported. Chapters on fabrication of nanowire – based nanogap devices by the dielectrophoretic assembly approach. The broad spectrum of research reported here incorporates chapters on nanoengineering and nanophysics. In its presentation of tutorial chapters as well as advanced research on nanostructures, this book is ideally suited to meet the needs of newcomers to the field as well as experienced researchers interested in viewing colleagues’ recent advances.



Nanostructured Materials


Nanostructured Materials
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Author : T. Daniel Thangadurai
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-27

Nanostructured Materials written by T. Daniel Thangadurai and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.


This book discusses the early stages of the development of nanostructures, including synthesis techniques, growth mechanisms, the physics and chemistry of nanostructured materials, various innovative characterization techniques, the need for functionalization and different functionalization methods as well as the various properties of nanostructured materials. It focuses on the applications of nanostructured materials, such as mechanical applications, nanoelectronics and microelectronic devices, nano-optics, nanophotonics and nano-optoelectronics, as well as piezoelectric, agriculture, biomedical and, environmental remediation applications, and anti-microbial and antibacterial properties. Further, it includes a chapter on nanomaterial research developments, highlighting work on the life-cycle analysis of nanostructured materials and toxicity aspects.



Modern Semiconductor Quantum Physics


Modern Semiconductor Quantum Physics
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Author : Ming Fu Li
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1995-02-28

Modern Semiconductor Quantum Physics written by Ming Fu Li and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-02-28 with Science categories.


Modern Semiconductor Quantum Physics has the following constituents: (1) energy band theory: pseudopotential method (empirical and ab initio); density functional theory; quasi-particles; LCAO method; k.p method; spin-orbit splitting; effect mass and Luttinger parameters; strain effects and deformation potentials; temperature effects. (2) Optical properties: absorption and exciton effect; modulation spectroscopy; photo luminescence and photo luminescence excitation; Raman scattering and polaritons; photoionization. (3) Defects and Impurities: effective mass theory and shallow impurity states; deep state cluster method, super cell method,Green's function method; carrier recombination kinetics; trapping transient measurements; electron spin resonance; electron lattice interaction and lattice relaxation effects; multi-phonon nonradiative recombination; negative U center, DX center and EL2 Defects. (4) Semiconductor surfaces: two dimensional periodicity and surface reconstruction; surface electronic states; photo-electron spectroscopy; LEED, STM and other experimental methods. (5) Low-dimensional structures: Heterojunctions, quantum wells; superlattices, quantum-confined Stark effect and Wannier-Stark ladder effects; resonant tunneling, quantum Hall effect, quantum wires and quantum dots.This book can be used as an advanced textbook on semiconductor physics for graduate students in physics and electrical engineering departments. It is also useful as a research reference for solid state scientists and semiconductor device engineers.



Physics Of Nanostructures


Physics Of Nanostructures
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Author : John H. Davies
language : en
Publisher: School
Release Date : 1992

Physics Of Nanostructures written by John H. Davies and has been published by School this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Science categories.


Proceedings of the 38th Scottish Universities Summer School of Physics, St. Andrews, July-August 1991, a NATO Advanced Study Institute dealing, in part, with molecular beam epitaxy formation, hole eigenstates, coherent quantum transport, lateral superlattices, and spectroscopic observation. Annotati.