Intervention On Trial
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Community Intervention Trial For Smoking Cessation
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Author : Edward Lichtenstein
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-04-01
Community Intervention Trial For Smoking Cessation written by Edward Lichtenstein and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-01 with Medical categories.
The Community Intervention Trial for smoking cessation (COMMIT) is sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and involves eleven pairs of communities in North America. COMMIT emphasizes a partnership between the eleven research institutions and their respective intervention communities in developing the structures needed to implement the intervention protocol. We summarize the epidemiological data and describe the prior community interventions that set the stage for COMMIT, and discuss how COMMIT may inform state-wide tobacco reduction demonstration programs. An overview of the articles that describe the COMMIT intervention and evaluation plan is presented.
Field Trials Of Health Interventions
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Author : Peter G. Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Field Trials Of Health Interventions written by Peter G. Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Health & Fitness categories.
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing.
Intervention On Trial
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Author : New York War Crimes Tribunal on Central America and the Caribbean
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1987-04-15
Intervention On Trial written by New York War Crimes Tribunal on Central America and the Caribbean and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-04-15 with History categories.
The New York War Crimes Tribunal on Central America and the Caribbean was convened in October, 1984 to hear testimony from victims and eyewitnesses of human rights abuses, war crimes and other violations of international and domestic law in Central America and the Caribbean. This volume presents the edited statements of approximately 26 witnesses, including North American academics, church people, journalists, medical workers, Latin American students, human rights workers, refugees, labor leaders, and peasant organizers. Witnesses include Rigoberta Menchu, exiled Guatemalan Indian leader; Richard Alan White, author of The Morass: United States Intervention in Central America; Judy Butler, researcher with Nicaragua Research and Documentation Center for the Atlantic Coast; Ramon Flores, Salvadoran medical student, former prisoner and torture victim; and David MacMichael, former CIA analyst on Central America. The countries covered in this comprehensive volume are El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Cuba, Grenada, and Nicaragua.
Oxford Textbook Of Global Public Health
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Author : Roger Detels
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
Oxford Textbook Of Global Public Health written by Roger Detels and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Medical categories.
Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline
Randomized Controlled Trials
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Author : Phyllis Solomon
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009-02-02
Randomized Controlled Trials written by Phyllis Solomon and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-02 with Social Science categories.
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered by many researchers and providers to be the gold standard of health and social service effectiveness research. However, there exist scant resources that deal with the complex nature of designing and implementing RCTs in community-based settings. This clearly written pocket guide provides researchers and social service practitioners insight into each step of an RCT. The goal of this text is to enable readers to understand, design, and implement a community-based RCT. From the initial stage of planning the RCT and developing its conceptual foundations through implementation, the authors provide a wealth of detail and case studies from social work practice research that assist readers to comprehend the detailed information provided. Accessible, concrete advice is woven throughout the text and tackles the many design and implementation challenges that arise in community practice settings. The importance of utilizing a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods is encouraged due to the intricate nature of RCT research in community-based environments. Through utilizing practical case examples, this pocket guide reviews the essentials of RCTs in a manner that will appeal to researchers, practitioners and students alike who are seeking the necessary tools to build the empirical knowledge base for community-based psychosocial interventions for social work.
Nutritional Oncology
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Author : George L. Blackburn
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2011-05-02
Nutritional Oncology written by George L. Blackburn and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-02 with Medical categories.
Nutritional oncology is an increasingly active interdisciplinary field where cancer is investigated as both a systemic and local disease originating with the changes in the genome and progressing through a multi-step process which may be influenced at many points in its natural history by nutritional factors that could impact the prevention of cancer, the quality of life of cancer patients, and the risk of cancer recurrence in the rapidly increasing population of cancer survivors.Since the first edition of this book was published in 1999, the idea that there is a single gene pathway or single drug will provide a cure for cancer has given way to the general view that dietary/environmental factors impact the progression of genetic and cellular changes in common forms of cancer. This broad concept can now be investigated within a basic and clinical research context for specific types of cancer. This book attempts to cover the current available knowledge in this new field of nutritional oncology written by invited experts. This book attempts to provide not only the theoretical and research basis for nutritional oncology, but will offer the medical oncologist and other members of multidisciplinary groups treating cancer patients practical information on nutrition assessment and nutritional regimens, including micronutrient and phytochemical supplementation. The editors hope that this volume will stimulate increased research, education and patient application of the principles of nutritional oncology.NEW TO THIS EDITION:* Covers hot new topics of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics in cancer cell growth * Includes new chapters on metabolic networks in cancer cell growth, nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics* Presents substantially revised chapters on breast cancer and nutrition, prostate cancer and nutrition, and colon cancer and nutrition* Includes new illustrations throughout the text, especially in the breast cancer chapter * Includes integrated insights into the unanswered questions and clearly defined objectives of research in nutritional oncology * Offers practical guidelines for clinicians advising malnourished cancer patients and cancer survivors on diet, nutrition, and lifestyle * Provides information on the role of bioactive substances, dietary supplements, phytochemicals and botanicals in cancer prevention and treatment
Mixed Methods Research For Nursing And The Health Sciences
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Author : Sharon Andrew
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-09-24
Mixed Methods Research For Nursing And The Health Sciences written by Sharon Andrew and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-24 with Medical categories.
Mixed methods research combines quantitative and qualitative research methods in a single study. The use of mixed methods research is increasingly popular in nursing and health sciences research. This growth in popularity has been driven by the increasing complexity of research problems relating to human health and wellbeing. Mixed Method Research for Nursing and the Health Sciences is an accessible, practical guide to the design, conduct and reporting of mixed method research in nursing or the health sciences. Each chapter stands alone, describing the various steps of the research process, but contains links to other chapters. Within the text, ‘real-life’ examples from the published literature, doctoral theses and the unpublished work of the authors, illustrate the concepts being discussed. Places mixed methods research within its contemporary context Includes international contributions from UK, Australia, NZ and USA Provides an accessible introduction to theoretical and philosophical underpinnings Demystifies strategies for analysing mixed methods data Examines strategies for publishing mixed methods research Includes learning objectives and exemplars in each chapter Final chapters provide ‘real-life’ examples of applied research About the Authors: Sharon Andrew is Head of Program (Postgraduate) and Elizabeth J. Halcomb is Senior Lecturer, School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Western Sydney. Also of Interest: The Research Process in Nursing (Fifth Edition) Edited by Kate Gerrish and Anne Lacey 978-14051-3013-4 Research Handbook for Healthcare Professionals Mary Hickson 978-14051-7737-5 Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers Second edition Colin Robson 978-0631-21305-5 Reviewing Research Evidence for Nursing Practice: Systematic Reviews Edited by Christine Webb and Brenda Roe 978-14051-4423-0
Complex Interventions In Health
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Author : David A. Richards
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-04-17
Complex Interventions In Health written by David A. Richards and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-17 with Medical categories.
Health and human services currently face a series of challenges – such as aging populations, chronic diseases and new endemics – that require highly complex responses, and take place in multiple care environments including acute medicine, chronic care facilities and the community. Accordingly, most modern health care interventions are now seen as ‘complex interventions’ – activities that contain a number of component parts with the potential for interactions between them which, when applied to the intended target population, produce a range of possible and variable outcomes. This in turn requires methodological developments that also take into account changing values and attitudes related to the situation of patients’ receiving health care. The first book to place complex interventions within a coherent system of research enquiry, this work is designed to help researchers understand the research processes involved at each stage of developing, testing, evaluating and implementing complex interventions, and assist them to integrate methodological activities to produce secure, evidence-based health care interventions. It begins with conceptual chapters which set out the complex interventions framework, discuss the interrelation between knowledge development and evidence, and explore how mixed methods research contributes to improved health. Structured around the influential UK Medical Research Council guidance for use of complex interventions, four sections, each comprised of bite-sized chapters written by multidisciplinary experts in the area, focus on: - Developing complex interventions - Assessing the feasibility of complex interventions and piloting them - Evaluating complex interventions - Implementing complex interventions. Accessible to students and researchers grappling with complex interventions, each substantive chapter includes an introduction, bulleted learning objectives, clinical examples, a summary and further reading. The perspectives of various stakeholders, including patients, families and professionals, are discussed throughout as are the economic and ethical implications of methods. A vital companion for health research, this book is suitable for readers from multidisciplinary disciplines such as medical, nursing, public health, health services research, human services and allied healthcare backgrounds.
Nutritional Pathophysiology Of Obesity And Its Comorbidities
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Author : Susan Ettinger
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-09-01
Nutritional Pathophysiology Of Obesity And Its Comorbidities written by Susan Ettinger and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-01 with Health & Fitness categories.
Nutritional Pathophysiology of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: A Case-Study Approach challenges students and practitioners to understand the role of nutrients within the pathophysiology and development of disease, specifically those diseases which develop as a result of obesity. Through a case-based approach, the author presents complex clinical scenarios that require multiple treatment strategies, including targeted diet modification as an adjuvant to medical therapy. The book is divided into 9 modules and 5 appendices each of which covers aspects of obesity and its comorbidities. Within each module, a case is detailed with relevant history, laboratory and physical data, and follow-up information. Each case is followed by a resource section which delineates current understanding of the pathophysiology of the condition, as well as the actions of nutrients and food components shown to modify these processes. A "further readings" section cites current supporting clinical and basic literature as well as published guidelines. Explores how obesity is a key player in the pathophysiology of many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hypertension, and atherosclerosis Integrates current understandings of the molecular mechanisms of nutrient action on the processes of disease development and treatment Presents students and early practitioners with complex clinical scenarios through a practical case-based approach
The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-12-21
The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-21 with Medical categories.
Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.