The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials
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The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-12-21
The Prevention And Treatment Of Missing Data In Clinical Trials written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-21 with Medical categories.
Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.
Preventing And Treating Missing Data In Longitudinal Clinical Trials
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Author : Craig H. Mallinckrodt
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-28
Preventing And Treating Missing Data In Longitudinal Clinical Trials written by Craig H. Mallinckrodt and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-28 with Mathematics categories.
Focuses on the prevention and treatment of missing data in longitudinal clinical trials, looking at key principles and explaining analytic methods.
Missing Data
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Author : Paul D. Allison
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2024-05-08
Missing Data written by Paul D. Allison and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-08 with Social Science categories.
Sooner or later anyone who does statistical analysis runs into problems with missing data in which information for some variables is missing for some cases. Why is this a problem? Because most statistical methods presume that every case has information on all the variables to be included in the analysis. Using numerous examples and practical tips, this book offers a nontechnical explanation of the standard methods for missing data (such as listwise or casewise deletion) as well as two newer (and, better) methods, maximum likelihood and multiple imputation. Anyone who has been relying on ad-hoc methods that are statistically inefficient or biased will find this book a welcome and accessible solution to their problems with handling missing data.
Missing Data In Clinical Studies
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Author : Geert Molenberghs
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2007-04-04
Missing Data In Clinical Studies written by Geert Molenberghs and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-04 with Medical categories.
Missing Data in Clinical Studies provides a comprehensive account of the problems arising when data from clinical and related studies are incomplete, and presents the reader with approaches to effectively address them. The text provides a critique of conventional and simple methods before moving on to discuss more advanced approaches. The authors focus on practical and modeling concepts, providing an extensive set of case studies to illustrate the problems described. Provides a practical guide to the analysis of clinical trials and related studies with missing data. Examines the problems caused by missing data, enabling a complete understanding of how to overcome them. Presents conventional, simple methods to tackle these problems, before addressing more advanced approaches, including sensitivity analysis, and the MAR missingness mechanism. Illustrated throughout with real-life case studies and worked examples from clinical trials. Details the use and implementation of the necessary statistical software, primarily SAS. Missing Data in Clinical Studies has been developed through a series of courses and lectures. Its practical approach will appeal to applied statisticians and biomedical researchers, in particular those in the biopharmaceutical industry, medical and public health organisations. Graduate students of biostatistics will also find much of benefit.
Statistical Aspects Of The Design And Analysis Of Clinical Trials Revised Edition
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Author : Brian S Everitt
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2004-02-26
Statistical Aspects Of The Design And Analysis Of Clinical Trials Revised Edition written by Brian S Everitt and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-02-26 with Medical categories.
Fully updated, this revised edition describes the statistical aspects of both the design and analysis of trials, with particular emphasis on the more recent methods of analysis.About 8000 clinical trials are undertaken annually in all areas of medicine, from the treatment of acne to the prevention of cancer. Correct interpretation of the data from such trials depends largely on adequate design and on performing the appropriate statistical analyses. This book provides a useful guide to medical statisticians and others faced with the often difficult problems of designing and analysing clinical trials./a
Clinical Trials With Missing Data
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Author : Michael O'Kelly
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-02-14
Clinical Trials With Missing Data written by Michael O'Kelly and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-14 with Medical categories.
This book provides practical guidance for statisticians, clinicians, and researchers involved in clinical trials in the biopharmaceutical industry, medical and public health organisations. Academics and students needing an introduction to handling missing data will also find this book invaluable. The authors describe how missing data can affect the outcome and credibility of a clinical trial, show by examples how a clinical team can work to prevent missing data, and present the reader with approaches to address missing data effectively. The book is illustrated throughout with realistic case studies and worked examples, and presents clear and concise guidelines to enable good planning for missing data. The authors show how to handle missing data in a way that is transparent and easy to understand for clinicians, regulators and patients. New developments are presented to improve the choice and implementation of primary and sensitivity analyses for missing data. Many SAS code examples are included – the reader is given a toolbox for implementing analyses under a variety of assumptions.
Flexible Imputation Of Missing Data Second Edition
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Author : Stef van Buuren
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-07-17
Flexible Imputation Of Missing Data Second Edition written by Stef van Buuren and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-17 with Mathematics categories.
Missing data pose challenges to real-life data analysis. Simple ad-hoc fixes, like deletion or mean imputation, only work under highly restrictive conditions, which are often not met in practice. Multiple imputation replaces each missing value by multiple plausible values. The variability between these replacements reflects our ignorance of the true (but missing) value. Each of the completed data set is then analyzed by standard methods, and the results are pooled to obtain unbiased estimates with correct confidence intervals. Multiple imputation is a general approach that also inspires novel solutions to old problems by reformulating the task at hand as a missing-data problem. This is the second edition of a popular book on multiple imputation, focused on explaining the application of methods through detailed worked examples using the MICE package as developed by the author. This new edition incorporates the recent developments in this fast-moving field. This class-tested book avoids mathematical and technical details as much as possible: formulas are accompanied by verbal statements that explain the formula in accessible terms. The book sharpens the reader’s intuition on how to think about missing data, and provides all the tools needed to execute a well-grounded quantitative analysis in the presence of missing data.
Best Practices In Quantitative Methods
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Author : Jason W. Osborne
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2008
Best Practices In Quantitative Methods written by Jason W. Osborne and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The contributors to Best Practices in Quantitative Methods envision quantitative methods in the 21st century, identify the best practices, and, where possible, demonstrate the superiority of their recommendations empirically. Editor Jason W. Osborne designed this book with the goal of providing readers with the most effective, evidence-based, modern quantitative methods and quantitative data analysis across the social and behavioral sciences. The text is divided into five main sections covering select best practices in Measurement, Research Design, Basics of Data Analysis, Quantitative Methods, and Advanced Quantitative Methods. Each chapter contains a current and expansive review of the literature, a case for best practices in terms of method, outcomes, inferences, etc., and broad-ranging examples along with any empirical evidence to show why certain techniques are better. Key Features: Describes important implicit knowledge to readers: The chapters in this volume explain the important details of seemingly mundane aspects of quantitative research, making them accessible to readers and demonstrating why it is important to pay attention to these details. Compares and contrasts analytic techniques: The book examines instances where there are multiple options for doing things, and make recommendations as to what is the "best" choice—or choices, as what is best often depends on the circumstances. Offers new procedures to update and explicate traditional techniques: The featured scholars present and explain new options for data analysis, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the new procedures in depth, describing how to perform them, and demonstrating their use. Intended Audience: Representing the vanguard of research methods for the 21st century, this book is an invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers who want a comprehensive, authoritative resource for practical and sound advice from leading experts in quantitative methods.
Clinical Trials In Osteoporosis
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Author : Derek Pearson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Clinical Trials In Osteoporosis written by Derek Pearson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Medical categories.
Clinical Trials in Osteoporosis is a practical handbook on clinical trials in the growing field of osteoporosis. Topics covered include study design, technical issues, data collection, quality assurance, data analysis and presentation. It aims to take the user through the process step-by-step from start to finish, also providing a background on regulatory guidelines, ethical implications, endpoints, current therapies and the ideal drug to use. There are no other books at present that specifically address the issue of clinical trials in osteoporosis. A number of issues dealt with in this book have been brought together in one publication for the first time. Clinical Trials in Osteoporosis is intended to serve as a practical manual for clinicians and scientists coming to the subject new and to provide a standard for existing centers to measure themselves against.
Multiple Imputation And Its Application
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Author : James Carpenter
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-12-19
Multiple Imputation And Its Application written by James Carpenter and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-19 with Medical categories.
A practical guide to analysing partially observed data. Collecting, analysing and drawing inferences from data is central to research in the medical and social sciences. Unfortunately, it is rarely possible to collect all the intended data. The literature on inference from the resulting incomplete data is now huge, and continues to grow both as methods are developed for large and complex data structures, and as increasing computer power and suitable software enable researchers to apply these methods. This book focuses on a particular statistical method for analysing and drawing inferences from incomplete data, called Multiple Imputation (MI). MI is attractive because it is both practical and widely applicable. The authors aim is to clarify the issues raised by missing data, describing the rationale for MI, the relationship between the various imputation models and associated algorithms and its application to increasingly complex data structures. Multiple Imputation and its Application: Discusses the issues raised by the analysis of partially observed data, and the assumptions on which analyses rest. Presents a practical guide to the issues to consider when analysing incomplete data from both observational studies and randomized trials. Provides a detailed discussion of the practical use of MI with real-world examples drawn from medical and social statistics. Explores handling non-linear relationships and interactions with multiple imputation, survival analysis, multilevel multiple imputation, sensitivity analysis via multiple imputation, using non-response weights with multiple imputation and doubly robust multiple imputation. Multiple Imputation and its Application is aimed at quantitative researchers and students in the medical and social sciences with the aim of clarifying the issues raised by the analysis of incomplete data data, outlining the rationale for MI and describing how to consider and address the issues that arise in its application.