Ischemic Preconditioning
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Ischemic Preconditioning The Concept Of Endogenous Cardioprotection
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Author : Karin Przyklenk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ischemic Preconditioning The Concept Of Endogenous Cardioprotection written by Karin Przyklenk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Ischemic Preconditioning: The Concept of Endogenous Cardioprotection consolidates, in one volume, both current knowledge and the most recent advances in ischemic preconditioning. The editors have invited investigators at the forefront of ongoing research to provide their scholarly and candid comments concerning each of these issues. This volume includes a comprehensive review of infarct size reduction with ischemic preconditioning, and the most recent data on the effects of preconditioning on ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, myocardial metabolism, contractile function, and the coronary vasculature. The role of altered energy metabolism, stress-induced proteins, ATP-sensitive potassium channels, and adenosine -- the major hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning -- are critically reviewed by investigators who have been instrumental in developing these concepts. In addition, the editors raise the intriguing possibility that ischemic preconditioning may be more than simply a laboratory curiosity. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this volume challenges the readers to contribute their own expertise to address the unanswered questions concerning this endogenous, cardioprotective phenomenon.
Myocardial Ischemia And Preconditioning
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Author : Naranjan S. Dhalla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Myocardial Ischemia And Preconditioning written by Naranjan S. Dhalla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Current evidence suggests that the ischemic preconditioning response is a multi-factorial process consisting of an initial early trigger, an intermediate mediator, and an end effector. Each of these steps in is now its own intense area of investigation. The need to render the heart ischemic for a brief period to invoke the preconditioning response is currently the major factor limiting clinical application of this powerful cardioprotective strategy. Recent research efforts have utilized brief exposures to pharmacological agents, in lieu of a brief preconditioning ischemia, to trigger/mimic the ischemic preconditioning-induced response. The World Heart Congress held in Winnipeg in July 2001 provided a forum for the presentation of new insights into the basic mechanisms of ischemia and reperfusion injury, as well as novel strategies to protect the heart from cell death, ventricular arrhythmias, and contractile dysfunction. Many pioneers in the fields of ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning-induced protection presented there and the chapters in this book represent selected papers from these symposia.
New Paradigms Of Coronary Artery Disease
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Author : G. Heusch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
New Paradigms Of Coronary Artery Disease written by G. Heusch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Medical categories.
Detailed analyses of regional myocardial blood flow, function, metabolism and morphology in ischemic and reperfused myocardium have led to the identifi cation of important phenomena, i. e. , myocardial hibernation, myocardial stun ning and ischemic preconditioning. Both the hibernating and the stunned myocardium characterize viable though dysfunctional as distinguished from necrotic tissue. With the advent of reperfusion procedures, the distinction between reversibly injured, hypofunctional myocardium from irreversibly injured, hypofunctional myocardium is of utmost clinical importance. The pathophysiological distinction of hibernating and stunned myocardium is con troversial, but reperfusion is mandatory anyway. Ischemic preconditioning is the most powerful maneuver known so far to delay infarct development. Its clinical significance has been suggested from retrospective analyses of data from patients suffering a myocardial infarction as well as from controlled PTCA studies. Whether or not preconditioning can be achieved pharmacologically in the clinical setting remains to be established. The mechanisms and signal cascade underlying myocardial hibernation, myocardial stunning and ischemic preconditioning are not clear in detail. Over the last year, focussed issues on myocardial hibernation, myocardial stunning and ischemic preconditioning were published in Basic Research in Car diology; they have received great interest and a good response. Therefore, these focussed issues are now combined and published as a separate monograph. We express our gratitude once more to all our colleagues who contributed to this monograph, to Ms. Ibkendanz of Steinkopff, and to Ms. Philipp and Mr. Heinrichs from Bayer AG Germany, who supported this additional publication.
Stunning Hibernation And Preconditioning
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Author : Guy R. Heyndrickx
language : en
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Release Date : 1997
Stunning Hibernation And Preconditioning written by Guy R. Heyndrickx and has been published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Medical categories.
This monograph aims to summarize and integrate knowledge regarding the intrinsic adaptive mechanisms of the heart triggered by ischemia. The contributors review the initial adaptation to ischemia and the concept of preconditioning. Close attention is given to knowledge of myocardial stunning, including the role of calcium homeostasis and oxyradicals as well as the clinical impact and pharmacological modulation of myocardial stunning. Myocardial hibernation and its link with myocardial stunning are also discussed. The contributors attempt to integrate experimental data and clinical observations. The understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of these ischemic syndromes should help readers to correctly identify and treat patients with chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction.
Ischemic Preconditioning Directly Or Remotely Applied On The Liver To Reduce Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Resections And Transplantation
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Author : Carmen Peralta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Ischemic Preconditioning Directly Or Remotely Applied On The Liver To Reduce Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Resections And Transplantation written by Carmen Peralta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Electronic books categories.
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important cause of liver damage occurring during surgical procedures. In liver resection, I/R causes post-operative transaminasemia and liver function failure. In liver transplantation, I/R causes graft dysfunction, ranging from biochemical abnormalities to primary non-function of the transplanted organ. Ischemic preconditioning is a surgical strategy to reduce the severity of I/R and improve post-operative outcomes by prior exposure to a brief period of vascular occlusion directly to the target organ or remotely to a distant vascular bed. This chapter aims to discuss the different ischemic preconditioning strategies in both liver resection surgery and liver transplantation. In addition, we will describe the differences of such surgical strategies in both steatotic and non-steatotic livers in both preclinical experiments and clinical practice. Such information may be useful to guide the design of the effective ischemic preconditioning methods in the surgery of hepatic resections and liver transplantation.
Myocardial Preconditioning
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Author : Cherry L. Wainwright
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-22
Myocardial Preconditioning written by Cherry L. Wainwright and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-22 with Science categories.
This book is about the unique ability of the heart to protect itself against the serious consequences of an abrupt reduction in blood flow to the myocardium - a phenomenon which is switched on by stress and termed myocardial preconditioning. This volume describes the main features and characteristics of preconditioning, with respect to the time-course of the protective effect of the phenomenon (first and second windows) and the different sequelae of myocardial ischaemia against which it protects, such as myocardial injury, arrhythmias and contractile dysfunction. The proposed mechanisms underlying the fascinating form of cardioprotection are discussed. Among these are the role of endogenous labile mediators, receptor-linked G proteins, ATP-sensitive potassium channels and protein kinase C activation.
Cell Survival Programs And Ischemia Reperfusion
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Author : Maike Krenz
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2013-09-01
Cell Survival Programs And Ischemia Reperfusion written by Maike Krenz and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-01 with Science categories.
The major purpose of this book is to review the evidence supporting the concept that intrinsic cell survival programs can be activated by a variety of mildly noxious stimuli or pharmacologic agents to confer protection against the deleterious effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). We begin with a discussion of the concept of hormesis (a term used most extensively in the toxicologic literature which refers to biphasic cellular responses that depend on concentration or intensity of a stimulus), review the seminal studies that led to the discovery of the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning, and outline its therapeutic potential (Chapter 1). This is followed by a summary of our current understanding of the mechanisms of I/R injury (Chapter 2), as this provides several points of intervention in limiting postischemic tissue injury that may be targeted by the adaptive programs invoked by conditioning stimuli. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the mechanisms underlying ischemic pre-, post-, and remote conditioning, which establishes the mechanistic rationale for development of pharmacologic conditioning strategies that may mimic the remarkably powerful effects of ischemic conditioning (and are covered in Chapter 5). Lifestyle interventions, including exercise, caloric restriction, and consumption of alcoholic beverages and/or phytochemicals, that may induce hormetic responses will also be reviewed in this chapter. While the promise for conditioning as a therapeutic approach is enormous, there are obstacles to its practical application in patients, which are covered in Chapter 6. The final chapter (Chapter 7) examines the extension of our mechanistic understanding of the signaling pathways invoked by conditioning stimuli into the realm of gene therapy and to the preservation of stem cell viability in the harsh ischemic environment as natural translational outgrowths of preconditioning into therapeutics.
Basic Mechanisms Of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Experimental Approach
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Author : Goyal Sandeep Kumar
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2015-07-24
Basic Mechanisms Of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Experimental Approach written by Goyal Sandeep Kumar and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-24 with categories.
This ebook will provide understanding about basic mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion induced mayocardial injury in experimental animals. Various pathophysiological pathways have been discussed along with the experimental techniques used in cardiovascular research. Newer pharmacological agents having possible cardioprotective properties and targets to be taken into consideration are compiled in chapters. This ebook will be beneficial to the budding researchers who wish to work in the field of cardiovascular research.
Ischemic Preconditioning And Hydrodynamic Delivery For The Prevention Of Acute Kidney Injury
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Author : Keyin Lu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Ischemic Preconditioning And Hydrodynamic Delivery For The Prevention Of Acute Kidney Injury written by Keyin Lu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Acute renal failure categories.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a prevalent and significant problem whose primary treatment is supportive care. Ischemic preconditioning is a strategy used to protect organs from ischemic injury via a prior injury. Ischemic preconditioning in the kidneys has been shown to confer protection onto kidneys from subsequent ischemic insults with attenuated serum creatinine values in treated rats. In the preconditioned kidneys, the enzyme IDH2 was discovered to be upregulated in the mitochondria. Hydrodynamic fluid delivery to the kidney was found to be a viable technique for delivering this gene to the kidney, resulting in artificially upregulated expression of IDH2. Via a two-pronged effort to discern the functional significance of ischemic preconditioning and hydrodynamic IDH2 fluid injections, we performed mitochondrial oxygen respiration assays on both preconditioned and injected kidneys. We found that renal ischemic preconditioning resulted in no significant difference between sham and preconditioned, subsequently injured kidneys, which is similar to the results from the serum creatinine studies. Hydrodynamically IDH2-injected, and subsequently injured kidneys respire significantly better than vehicle injected, and subsequently injured kidneys, which shows that hydrodynamic injections of IDH2 protects kidneys against injury, and partially mimics the effects of preconditioning.
Effects Of Ischemic Preconditioning On Arrhythmogenesis In The Isolated Rabbit Heart
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Author : Michael W. Botsford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Effects Of Ischemic Preconditioning On Arrhythmogenesis In The Isolated Rabbit Heart written by Michael W. Botsford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.