It Merensuomalaisten Kielten Kieltoverbi
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It Merensuomalaisten Kielten Kieltoverbi
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Author : Ilkka Savijärvi
language : fi
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
It Merensuomalaisten Kielten Kieltoverbi written by Ilkka Savijärvi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Baltic-Finnic languages categories.
It Merensuomalaisten Kielten Kieltoverbi
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Author : Ilkka Savijärvi
language : fi
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
It Merensuomalaisten Kielten Kieltoverbi written by Ilkka Savijärvi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Baltic-Finnic languages categories.
The Fate Of Mood And Modality In Language Death
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Author : Petar Kehayov
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-07-24
The Fate Of Mood And Modality In Language Death written by Petar Kehayov and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-24 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Research into the “grammar of language death” is often biased toward formal processes (e.g. paradigmatic levelling). In this study the author changes the perspective and shows that the relative susceptibility of linguistic elements to loss, change and innovation in language death circumstances can be dependent on meaning and thus organized along semantic notions rather than along structure.
Negation In Uralic Languages
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Author : Matti Miestamo
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2015-06-24
Negation In Uralic Languages written by Matti Miestamo and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-24 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The grammaticalized expression of negation is a linguistic universal. This volume deals with negation in the Uralic language family in a typological perspective. As in no other major language family before, a comprehensive typological questionnaire provides the basis for the chapters documenting negation in 17 languages. Most of them are endangered. The chapters highlight negative auxiliary verbs—the special Uralic feature—and their ways of combining with the rich inventory of other negators in different types of clauses, as well as negative replies, negative indefinites, abessives/caritives/privatives, scope, polarity and emphatic negation. Selected aspects of negation, such as negative indefinites, negation of non-verbal predicates and information structure, are discussed in more detail in five further chapters. The book brings new typologically informed perspectives on negation in the Uralic family, and it provides valuable data and insights for any linguist working on negation.
The Linguistic Cycle
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Author : Elly van Gelderen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-04-08
The Linguistic Cycle written by Elly van Gelderen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-08 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Elly van Gelderen provides examples of linguistic cycles from a number of languages and language families, along with an account of the linguistic cycle in terms of minimalist economy principles. A cycle involves grammaticalization from lexical to functional category followed by renewal. Some well-known cycles involve negatives, where full negative phrases are reanalyzed as words and affixes and are then renewed by full phrases again. Verbal agreement is another example: full pronouns are reanalyzed as agreement markers and are renewed again. Each chapter provides data on a separate cycle from a myriad of languages. Van Gelderen argues that the cross-linguistic similarities can be seen as Economy Principles present in the initial cognitive system or Universal Grammar. She further claims that some of the cycles can be used to classify a language as analytic or synthetic, and she provides insight into the shape of the earliest human language and how it evolved.
The History Of Negation In The Languages Of Europe And The Mediterranean
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Author : David Willis
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2013-07-25
The History Of Negation In The Languages Of Europe And The Mediterranean written by David Willis and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This is the first of a two-volume comparative history of negation in the languages of Europe and the Mediterranean. It examines the development of sentential negation and negative indefinites and quantifiers in languages and language groups such as Italian, English, Dutch, German, Celtic, Slavonic, Greek, Uralic, and Afro-Asiatic.
The Oxford Guide To The Uralic Languages
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Author : Marianne Bakró-Nagy
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-03-24
The Oxford Guide To The Uralic Languages written by Marianne Bakró-Nagy and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-24 with Foreign Language Study categories.
This volume offers the most comprehensive and wide-ranging treatment available today of the Uralic language family, a group of languages spoken in northern Eurasia. While there is a long history of research into these languages, much of it has been conducted within several disparate national traditions; studies of certain languages and topics are somewhat limited and in many cases outdated. The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages brings together leading scholars and junior researchers to offer a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the internal relations and diversity of the Uralic language family, including the outlines of its historical development, and the contacts between Uralic and other languages of Eurasia. The book is divided into three parts. Part I presents the origins and development of the Uralic languages: the initial chapters examine reconstructed Proto-Uralic and its divergence, while later chapters provide surveys of the history and codification of the three Uralic nation-state languages (Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian) and the Uralic minority languages from Baltic Europe to Siberia. This part also explores questions of endangerment, revitalization, and language policy. The chapters in Part II offer individual structural overviews of the Uralic languages, including a number of understudied minority languages for which no detailed description in English has previously been available. The final part of the book provides cross-Uralic comparative and typological case studies of a range of issues in phonology, morphology, syntax, and the lexicon. The chapters explore a number of topics, such as information structure and clause combining, that have traditionally received very little attention in Uralic studies. The volume will be an essential reference for students and researchers specializing in the Uralic languages and for typologists and comparative linguists more broadly.
Standard Negation
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Author : Matti Miestamo
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2008-08-22
Standard Negation written by Matti Miestamo and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is the first cross-linguistic study of clausal negation based on an extensive and systematic language sample. Methodological issues, especially sampling, are discussed at length. Standard negation – the basic structural means languages have for negating declarative verbal main clauses – is typologized from a new perspective, paying attention to structural differences between affirmatives and negatives. In symmetric negation affirmative and negative structures show no differences except for the presence of the negative marker(s), whereas in asymmetric negation there are further structural differences, i.e. asymmetries. A distinction is made between constructional and paradigmatic asymmetry; in the former the addition of the negative marker(s) is accompanied by further structural differences in comparison to the corresponding affirmative, and in the latter the correspondences between the members of (verbal etc.) paradigms used in affirmatives and negatives are not one-to-one. Cross-cutting the constructional-paradigmatic distinction, asymmetric negation can be further divided into subtypes according to the nature of the asymmetry. Standard negation structures found in the 297 sample languages are exemplified and discussed in detail. The frequencies of the different types and some typological correlations are also examined. Functional motivations are proposed for the structural types – symmetric negatives are language-internally analogous to the linguistic structure of the affirmative and asymmetric negatives are language-externally analogous to different asymmetries between affirmation and negation on the functional level. Relevant diachronic issues are also discussed. The book is of interest to language typologists, descriptive linguists and to all linguists interested in negation.
Syntax In The Making
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Author : Marja-Liisa Helasvuo
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2001
Syntax In The Making written by Marja-Liisa Helasvuo and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Research on the interplay between language structure and language use has shown that grammar is shaped, maintained, and modified by language use. In this view, then, grammar is not seen as existing apart from language use, but rather as a set of recurrent, grammaticized patterns of discourse. This book focuses on syntactic structuring in Finnish from the viewpoint of language use. The author sets out to study syntactic structures in their local contexts in order to discover the more global patterns and constraints on the use of these structures. The coding strategies point to the clause core as the locus of syntactic structuring: this is where syntactic relations emerge most clearly. It is shown that the key to understanding the coding of the core syntactic relations is the category of person. The clause core also shows strong intonational unity as it is most often presented in one intonation unit. Furthermore, analysis of spoken discourse shows the robustness of the category of noun phrase, both as a clausal constituent and as a free syntactic unit, the free NP.
Up And Down The Cline The Nature Of Grammaticalization
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Author : Olga Fischer
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2004-01-01
Up And Down The Cline The Nature Of Grammaticalization written by Olga Fischer and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The basic idea behind this volume is to probe the nature of grammaticalization. Its contributions focus on the following questions: (i) In how far can grammaticalization be considered a universal diachronic process or mechanism of change and in how far is it conditioned by synchronic factors? (ii) What is the role of the speaker in grammaticalization? (iii) Does grammaticalization itself provide a cause for change or is it an epiphenomenon, i.e. a conglomeration of causal factors/mechanisms which elsewhere occur independently? (iv) If it is epiphenominal, how do we explain that similar pathways so often occur in known cases of grammaticalization? (v) Is grammaticalization unidirectional? (vi) What is the nature of the parameters guiding grammaticalization? The overall aim of the book is to enrich our understanding of what grammaticalization does or does not entail via detailed case studies in combination with theoretical and methodological discussions.