Knowledge Policy And Expertise
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Knowledge Policy And Expertise
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Author : Susan E. Owens
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2015
Knowledge Policy And Expertise written by Susan E. Owens and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Political Science categories.
This is a book about relations between knowledge and policy, focusing on the role of expert advice. From a diverse and extensive literature, it distils four models of knowledge-policy interactions, and shows how advisors are variously represented as rational analysts, political symbols, agents of learning, or skilful users of 'boundary work'. It takes as its empirical subject one of Britain's longest-standing advisory bodies - the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution - created in 1970 and abolished in 2011.
Knowledge Policy And Expertise
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Author : Susan Owens
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2015-08-06
Knowledge Policy And Expertise written by Susan Owens and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-06 with Political Science categories.
This book presents a fascinating analysis of expertise and policy formation, based on an in-depth study of the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. The Commission provided expert advice to governments from 1970 to 2011. Often portrayed as a scientific body, it was in fact an interesting hybrid, which embodied wide-ranging expertise. It delivered thirty-three reports, leaving a significant mark on British environmental policy, and having influence within Europe and beyond. Drawing upon an extensive literature and a wide range of sources, Knowledge, Policy, and Expertise provides the only full account of this important advisory body, covering a period in which the policy landscape was profoundly transformed. It offers a rich and detailed analysis of authority, autonomy, and trust; of the diverse roles that advisors can play and the networks within which they operate; and of the circumstances of influence in which expert advice comes to be accepted gratefully, used strategically, absorbed in diffuse ways, or ignored. Above all, this book demonstrates the complexity and contingency of knowledge-policy relations, contributing substantially to a theory of expertise, and drawing out important implications for the future of good advice.
Experts
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Author : Nico Stehr
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2011-02-23
Experts written by Nico Stehr and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-23 with Social Science categories.
In this book, Stehr and Grundmann outline the theoretical significance and practical importance of the growing stratum of experts, counsellors and advisors in contemporary society, and claim that the growing spectrum of knowledge-based occupations has led to the pluralisation of expertise. As decision makers in organizations and private citizens, for various reasons, increasingly seek advice from experts, the authors examine the nature of expert activity, and suggest that the role of experts needs to be distinguised from other roles such as professionals, scientists, or intellectuals. Experts, they argue, perform knowledge based activities that mediate between the context of knowledge creation and application. Existing approaches tend to restrict the role of the expert to scientists, or to conflate the roles of professionals with experts. In avoiding such restrictions, this book sets out a framework to understanding the growing role of expertise in a better way. Experts provides thought-provoking discussion that will be of interest to postgraduate students and academics working within the fields of social theory, knowledge, and consumption.
World Yearbook Of Education 2014
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Author : Tara Fenwick
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-01-10
World Yearbook Of Education 2014 written by Tara Fenwick and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-10 with Education categories.
This latest volume in the World Yearbook of Education Series focuses on a major and highly significant development in the governing of education across the globe: the use of knowledge-based technologies as key policy sources. A combination of factors has produced this shift: first, the massive expansion of technological capacity signalled by the arrival of ‘big data’ that allows for the collection, circulation and processing of extensive system knowledge. The rise of data has been observed and discussed extensively, but its role in governing and the rise of comparison as a basis for action is now a determining practice in the field of education. Comparison provides the justification for ‘modernising’ policy in education, both in the developed and developing world, as national policy makers (selectively) seek templates of success from the high performers and demand solutions to apparent underperformance through the adoption of the policies favoured by the likes of Singapore, Finland and Korea. In parallel, the growth of particular forms of expertise: the rise and rise of educational consultancy, the growth of private (for profit) involvement in provision of educational goods and services and the increasing consolidation of networks of influence in the promotion of ‘best practice’ are affecting policy decisions. Through these developments, the nature of knowledge is altered, along with the relationship between knowledge and politics. Knowledge in this context is co-constructed: it is not disciplinary knowledge, but knowledge that emerges in the sharing of experience. This book provides a global snapshot of a changing educational world by giving detailed examples of a fundamental shift in the governing and practice of education learning by: • Assessing approaches to the changing nature of comparative knowledge and information • Tracking the translation and mobilisation of these knowledges in the governing of education/learning; • Identification of the key experts and knowledge producers/circulators/translators and analysis of how best to understand their influence; • Mapping of the global production of these knowledges in terms of their range and reach the interrelationships of actors and their effects in different national settings. Drawing on material from around the world, the book brings together scholars from different backgrounds who provide a tapestry of examples of the global production and national reception and mediation of these knowledges and who show how change enters different national spaces and consider their effects in different national settings.
Knowledge And Expertise In International Interventions
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Author : Berit Bliesemann de Guevara
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-02
Knowledge And Expertise In International Interventions written by Berit Bliesemann de Guevara and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-02 with History categories.
Knowledge about violent conflict and international intervention is political. It involves power struggles over the objects of knowing (problematization/silencing), how they are known (epistemic practices), and what interpretations are taken into account in policymaking and implementation. This book unearths the politics, power and performances involved in the social construction of seemingly neutral concepts such as facts, truth and authenticity in knowing about violent conflict and international intervention. Contributors foreground problems of physical and social access to information, explore practices generating knowledge actors’ authority and legitimacy, and analyse struggles over competing policy narratives. A first set of chapters focuses on the social construction of facts, truth and authenticity through studies of militia research in the DR Congo, politicians’ on-site visits in intervention theatres in the Balkans and Afghanistan, and the epistemic practices of Human Rights Watch and comics journalism. A second set of contributions analyses the strategic side of knowledge through case studies of diplomatic counterinsurgency in Bosnia and Herzegovina, African governments’ active role in the ‘bunkerization’ of international aid workers, and authoritarian peacebuilding as a challenge to the liberal power/knowledge regime in world politics. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding.
Whose Knowledge Counts In Government Literacy Policies
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Author : Kenneth S. Goodman
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-01
Whose Knowledge Counts In Government Literacy Policies written by Kenneth S. Goodman and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Accountability, in the form of standardized test scores, is built into many government literacy policies, with severe consequences for schools and districts that fail to meet ever-increasing performance levels. The key question this book addresses is whose knowledge is considered in framing government literacy policies? The intent is to raise awareness of the degree to which expertise is being ignored on a worldwide level and pseudo-science is becoming the basis for literacy policies and laws. The authors, all leading researchers from the U.S., U.K., Scotland, France, and Germany, have a wide range of views but share in common a deep concern about the lack of respect for knowledge among policy makers. Each author comes to the common subject of this volume from the vantage point of his or her major interests, ranging from an exposition of what should be the best knowledge utilized in an aspect of literacy education policy, to how political decisions are impacting literacy policy, to laying out the history of events in their own country. Collectively they offer a critical analysis of the condition of literacy education past and present and suggest alternative courses of action for the future.
The Politics Of Expertise In International Organizations
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Author : Annabelle Littoz-Monnet
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-02-24
The Politics Of Expertise In International Organizations written by Annabelle Littoz-Monnet and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-24 with Political Science categories.
This edited volume advances existing research on the production and use of expert knowledge by international bureaucracies. Given the complexity, technicality and apparent apolitical character of the issues dealt with in global governance arenas, ‘evidence-based’ policy-making has imposed itself as the best way to evaluate the risks and consequences of political action in global arenas. In the absence of alternative, democratic modes of legitimation, international organizations have adopted this approach to policy-making. By treating international bureaucracies as strategic actors, this volume address novel questions: why and how do international bureaucrats deploy knowledge in policy-making? Where does the knowledge they use come from, and how can we retrace pathways between the origins of certain ideas and their adoption by international administrations? What kind of evidence do international bureaucrats resort to, and with what implications? Which types of knowledge are seen as authoritative, and why? This volume makes a crucial contribution to our understanding of the way global policy agendas are shaped and propagated. It will be of great interest to scholars, policy-makers and practitioners in the fields of public policy, international relations, global governance and international organizations.
The Political Uses Of Expert Knowledge
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Author : Christina Boswell
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-05-28
The Political Uses Of Expert Knowledge written by Christina Boswell and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-28 with Political Science categories.
This book examines the role of knowledge in policy, showing how policymakers use research to establish authority in contentious areas of policy.
Environmental Expertise
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Author : Esther Turnhout
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-21
Environmental Expertise written by Esther Turnhout and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with Nature categories.
Provides an overview of the important role that environmental experts play at the science-policy interface, and the complex challenges they face.
Democratization Of Expertise
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Author : Sabine Maasen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-06-30
Democratization Of Expertise written by Sabine Maasen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-30 with Philosophy categories.
‘Scientific advice to politics’, the ‘nature of expertise’, and the ‘relation between experts, policy makers, and the public’ are variations of a topic that currently attracts the attention of social scientists, philosophers of science as well as practitioners in the public sphere and the media. This renewed interest in a persistent theme is initiated by the call for a democratization of expertise that has become the order of the day in the legitimation of research funding. The new significance of ‘participation’ and ‘accountability’ has motivated scholars to take a new look at the science – politics interface and to probe questions such as "What is new in the arrangement of scientific expertise and political decision-making?", "How can reliable knowledge be made useful for politics and society at large, and how can epistemically and ethically sound decisions be achieved without losing democratic legitimacy?", "How can the objective of democratization of expertise be achieved without compromising the quality and reliability of knowledge?" Scientific knowledge and the ‘experts’ that represent it no longer command the unquestioned authority and public trust that was once bestowed upon them, and yet, policy makers are more dependent on them than ever before. This collection of essays explores the relations between science and politics with the instruments of the social studies of science, thereby providing new insights into their re-alignment under a new régime of governance.