Lectures In Supercomputational Neuroscience
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Lectures In Supercomputational Neuroscience
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Author : Peter Graben
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-10-19
Lectures In Supercomputational Neuroscience written by Peter Graben and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-19 with Science categories.
Written from the physicist’s perspective, this book introduces computational neuroscience with in-depth contributions by system neuroscientists. The authors set forth a conceptual model for complex networks of neurons that incorporates important features of the brain. The computational implementation on supercomputers, discussed in detail, enables you to adapt the algorithm for your own research. Worked-out examples of applications are provided.
Space Time Computing With Temporal Neural Networks
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Author : James E. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2017-05-18
Space Time Computing With Temporal Neural Networks written by James E. Smith and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-18 with Computers categories.
Understanding and implementing the brain's computational paradigm is the one true grand challenge facing computer researchers. Not only are the brain's computational capabilities far beyond those of conventional computers, its energy efficiency is truly remarkable. This book, written from the perspective of a computer designer and targeted at computer researchers, is intended to give both background and lay out a course of action for studying the brain's computational paradigm. It contains a mix of concepts and ideas drawn from computational neuroscience, combined with those of the author. As background, relevant biological features are described in terms of their computational and communication properties. The brain's neocortex is constructed of massively interconnected neurons that compute and communicate via voltage spikes, and a strong argument can be made that precise spike timing is an essential element of the paradigm. Drawing from the biological features, a mathematics-based computational paradigm is constructed. The key feature is spiking neurons that perform communication and processing in space-time, with emphasis on time. In these paradigms, time is used as a freely available resource for both communication and computation. Neuron models are first discussed in general, and one is chosen for detailed development. Using the model, single-neuron computation is first explored. Neuron inputs are encoded as spike patterns, and the neuron is trained to identify input pattern similarities. Individual neurons are building blocks for constructing larger ensembles, referred to as "columns". These columns are trained in an unsupervised manner and operate collectively to perform the basic cognitive function of pattern clustering. Similar input patterns are mapped to a much smaller set of similar output patterns, thereby dividing the input patterns into identifiable clusters. Larger cognitive systems are formed by combining columns into a hierarchical architecture. These higher level architectures are the subject of ongoing study, and progress to date is described in detail in later chapters. Simulation plays a major role in model development, and the simulation infrastructure developed by the author is described.
Computational Neuroscience Cortical Dynamics
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Author : Peter Erdi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2004-12-27
Computational Neuroscience Cortical Dynamics written by Peter Erdi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-27 with Medical categories.
This book presents thoroughly revised tutorial papers based on lectures given by leading researchers at the 8th International Summer School on Neural Networks in Erice, Italy, in October/November 2003. The eight tutorial papers presented provide competent coverage of the field of cortical dynamics, consolidating recent theoretical and experimental results on the processing, transmission, and imprinting of information in the brain as well as on important functions of the cortical area, such as cortical rhythms, cortical neural plasticity, and their structural basis and functional significance. The book is divided in two topical sections on fundamentals of cortical dynamics and mathematical models of cortical dynamics.
The Computer And The Brain
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Author : J. R. Brink
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
The Computer And The Brain written by J. R. Brink and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
Neural Fields
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Author : Stephen Coombes
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-06-17
Neural Fields written by Stephen Coombes and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-17 with Mathematics categories.
Neural field theory has a long-standing tradition in the mathematical and computational neurosciences. Beginning almost 50 years ago with seminal work by Griffiths and culminating in the 1970ties with the models of Wilson and Cowan, Nunez and Amari, this important research area experienced a renaissance during the 1990ties by the groups of Ermentrout, Robinson, Bressloff, Wright and Haken. Since then, much progress has been made in both, the development of mathematical and numerical techniques and in physiological refinement und understanding. In contrast to large-scale neural network models described by huge connectivity matrices that are computationally expensive in numerical simulations, neural field models described by connectivity kernels allow for analytical treatment by means of methods from functional analysis. Thus, a number of rigorous results on the existence of bump and wave solutions or on inverse kernel construction problems are nowadays available. Moreover, neural fields provide an important interface for the coupling of neural activity to experimentally observable data, such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). And finally, neural fields over rather abstract feature spaces, also called dynamic fields, found successful applications in the cognitive sciences and in robotics. Up to now, research results in neural field theory have been disseminated across a number of distinct journals from mathematics, computational neuroscience, biophysics, cognitive science and others. There is no comprehensive collection of results or reviews available yet. With our proposed book Neural Field Theory, we aim at filling this gap in the market. We received consent from some of the leading scientists in the field, who are willing to write contributions for the book, among them are two of the founding-fathers of neural field theory: Shun-ichi Amari and Jack Cowan.
Computational Systems Neurobiology
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Author : N. Le Novère
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-07-20
Computational Systems Neurobiology written by N. Le Novère and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-20 with Medical categories.
Computational neurosciences and systems biology are among the main domains of life science research where mathematical modeling made a difference. This book introduces the many different types of computational studies one can develop to study neuronal systems. It is aimed at undergraduate students starting their research in computational neurobiology or more senior researchers who would like, or need, to move towards computational approaches. Based on their specific project, the readers would then move to one of the more specialized excellent textbooks available in the field. The first part of the book deals with molecular systems biology. Functional genomics is introduced through examples of transcriptomics and proteomics studies of neurobiological interest. Quantitative modelling of biochemical systems is presented in homogeneous compartments and using spatial descriptions. A second part deals with the various approaches to model single neuron physiology, and naturally moves to neuronal networks. A division is focused on the development of neurons and neuronal systems and the book closes on a series of methodological chapters. From the molecules to the organ, thinking at the level of systems is transforming biology and its impact on society. This book will help the reader to hop on the train directly in the tank engine.
Artificial Cognitive Systems
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Author : David Vernon
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2014-10-17
Artificial Cognitive Systems written by David Vernon and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-17 with Science categories.
A concise introduction to a complex field, bringing together recent work in cognitive science and cognitive robotics to offer a solid grounding on key issues. This book offers a concise and accessible introduction to the emerging field of artificial cognitive systems. Cognition, both natural and artificial, is about anticipating the need for action and developing the capacity to predict the outcome of those actions. Drawing on artificial intelligence, developmental psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, the field of artificial cognitive systems has as its ultimate goal the creation of computer-based systems that can interact with humans and serve society in a variety of ways. This primer brings together recent work in cognitive science and cognitive robotics to offer readers a solid grounding on key issues. The book first develops a working definition of cognitive systems—broad enough to encompass multiple views of the subject and deep enough to help in the formulation of theories and models. It surveys the cognitivist, emergent, and hybrid paradigms of cognitive science and discusses cognitive architectures derived from them. It then turns to the key issues, with chapters devoted to autonomy, embodiment, learning and development, memory and prospection, knowledge and representation, and social cognition. Ideas are introduced in an intuitive, natural order, with an emphasis on the relationships among ideas and building to an overview of the field. The main text is straightforward and succinct; sidenotes drill deeper on specific topics and provide contextual links to further reading.
Neural Masses And Fields Modelling The Dynamics Of Brain Activity
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Author : Karl Friston
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-05-25
Neural Masses And Fields Modelling The Dynamics Of Brain Activity written by Karl Friston and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-25 with Differential equations categories.
Biophysical modelling of brain activity has a long and illustrious history and has recently profited from technological advances that furnish neuroimaging data at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Neuronal modelling is a very active area of research, with applications ranging from the characterization of neurobiological and cognitive processes, to constructing artificial brains in silico and building brain-machine interface and neuroprosthetic devices. Biophysical modelling has always benefited from interdisciplinary interactions between different and seemingly distant fields; ranging from mathematics and engineering to linguistics and psychology. This Research Topic aims to promote such interactions by promoting papers that contribute to a deeper understanding of neural activity as measured by fMRI or electrophysiology. In general, mean field models of neural activity can be divided into two classes: neural mass and neural field models. The main difference between these classes is that field models prescribe how a quantity characterizing neural activity (such as average depolarization of a neural population) evolves over both space and time as opposed to mass models, which characterize activity over time only; by assuming that all neurons in a population are located at (approximately) the same point. This Research Topic focuses on both classes of models and considers several aspects and their relative merits that: span from synapses to the whole brain; comparisons of their predictions with EEG and MEG spectra of spontaneous brain activity; evoked responses, seizures, and fitting data - to infer brain states and map physiological parameters.
Hierarchy And Dynamics In Neural Networks
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Author : Rolf Kötter
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Hierarchy And Dynamics In Neural Networks written by Rolf Kötter and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with categories.
Hierarchy is a central feature in the organisation of complex biological systems and particularly the structure and function of neural networks. While other aspects of brain connectivity such as regionalisation, modularity or motif composition have been discussed elsewhere, no detailed analysis has been presented so far on the role of hierarchy and its connection to brain dynamics. Recent discussions among many of our colleagues have shown an increasing interest in hierarchy (of spatial, temporal and dynamic features), and this is an emerging key question in neuroscience as well as generally in the field of network science, due to its links with concepts of control, efficiency and development across scales (e.g. Hilgetag et al. Science, 1996; Ravasz et al. Science, 2002; Bassett et al. PNAS, 2006; Mueller-Linow et al. PLoS Comp. Biol., in press). The proposed Research Topic will address recent findings from a theoretical as well as experimental perspective including contributions under the following four headings: 1) Topology: Detecting and characterizing network hierarchy; 2) Experiments: Neural dynamics across hierarchical scales; 3) Dynamics: Activity spread, oscillations, and synchronization in hierarchical networks; 4) Dynamics: Stable functioning and information processing in hierarchical networks.
Dynamics Days Latin America And The Caribbean 2018
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Author : Arturo C. Martí
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-09-18
Dynamics Days Latin America And The Caribbean 2018 written by Arturo C. Martí and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-18 with Mathematics categories.
This book contains various works presented at the Dynamics Days Latin America and the Caribbean (DDays LAC) 2018. Since its beginnings, a key goal of the DDays LAC has been to promote cross-fertilization of ideas from different areas within nonlinear dynamics. On this occasion, the contributions range from experimental to theoretical research, including (but not limited to) chaos, control theory, synchronization, statistical physics, stochastic processes, complex systems and networks, nonlinear time-series analysis, computational methods, fluid dynamics, nonlinear waves, pattern formation, population dynamics, ecological modeling, neural dynamics, and systems biology. The interested reader will find this book to be a useful reference in identifying ground-breaking problems in Physics, Mathematics, Engineering, and Interdisciplinary Sciences, with innovative models and methods that provide insightful solutions. This book is a must-read for anyone looking for new developments of Applied Mathematics and Physics in connection with complex systems, synchronization, neural dynamics, fluid dynamics, ecological networks, and epidemics.