Liberalismus John Stuart Mill Ber Die Freiheit Stellenwert Und Kritisches Potential F R Moderne Demokratien
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Liberalismus John Stuart Mill Ber Die Freiheit Stellenwert Und Kritisches Potential F R Moderne Demokratien
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Author : Martin Johannes Gräßler
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-04-17
Liberalismus John Stuart Mill Ber Die Freiheit Stellenwert Und Kritisches Potential F R Moderne Demokratien written by Martin Johannes Gräßler and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-17 with Political Science categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, Note: 1.0, Technische Universität Dresden (Philosophische Fakultät / Institut für Politikwissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Einführung in das Studium der politischen Theorie, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Im Jahre 1859 veröffentlichte der spätere Parlamentsabgeordnete des britischen Unterhauses, John Stuart Mill, eines seiner Hauptwerke „On Liberty“, welches eine Grundlage darstellt für seinen Platz in der Geschichte der politischen Denker. Er versuchte darzulegen, wie bürgerliche und soziale Freiheit in einer Gesellschaft beschaffen sein muss, um dem Begriff der Freiheit überhaupt gerecht zu werden. Zudem versuchte er nachzuvollziehen, unter welchen Bedingungen der Eingriff der Gesellschaft bzw. des Staates in die Lebenswelt des Einzelnen seiner Meinung nach gerechtfertigt ist. Nicht zuletzt auch, warum der Gemeinschaft enge Grenzen für derartige Eingriffe auferlegt sein sollten. Da sein Werk bis heute in der Tradition des Liberalismus eine große Bedeutung besitzt, ist es nur gerechtfertigt, sich mit diesem auseinanderzusetzen, was in der vorliegenden Arbeit geschehen soll. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit soll erläutert werden, wie Mill den Begriff der Freiheit überhaupt definiert, welchen Nutzen die Freiheit der Gedanken und des Handelns überhaupt bringt und welche Beschränkungen und Gefahren ihr in einer Gemeinschaft von Menschen drohen. Dieser Freiheitsbegriff hat unmittelbare Folgen für das Verständnis, das Mill vom Begriff des Staates entwickelte. Hierzu soll erläutert werden, wer überhaupt Mitglied der staatlichen Gemeinschaft ist, wer in einem Staat herrscht und wie weit die Kompetenzen eben jener Herrschenden gehen dürfen, um Freiheit nicht zu gefährden. Als Abschluss des erstens Teils werden die Thesen Mills in die Tradition des Liberalismus eingeordnet und in ihrem Stellenwert erläutert. Im weiterführenden Teil der Arbeit werden der Stellenwert und das kritische Potential einiger ausgewählter Thesen in Bezug auf moderne Demokratien erläutert. Im Vordergrund steht dabei, ob sich durch die Veränderungen der Rahmenbedingungen im Laufe der eineinhalb Jahrhunderte die Richtigkeit der Thesen in einigen Aspekten bewahrt hat oder ob die Zeit sie zur Gänze überholt hat. Dabei soll zum einen die Gefahr der „Tyrannei der vorherrschenden Meinung“ in heutigen Demokratien erörtert werden und ob sich Mills Befürchtungen bewahrheitet haben. Des Weiteren soll geklärt werden, ob sich die Vorstellung, die Mill von Demokratie im Bezug auf Wahlrecht und Repräsentation entwickelte, in der heutigen Ausführung von Volksherrschaft wieder findet.
Government Paternalism
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Author : Julian Le Grand
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2015-01-25
Government Paternalism written by Julian Le Grand and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-25 with Philosophy categories.
Should governments save people from themselves? Do governments have the right to influence citizens' behavior related to smoking tobacco, eating too much, not saving enough, drinking alcohol, or taking marijuana—or does this create a nanny state, leading to infantilization, demotivation, and breaches in individual autonomy? Looking at examples from both sides of the Atlantic and around the world, Government Paternalism examines the justifications for, and the prevalence of, government involvement and considers when intervention might or might not be acceptable. Building on developments in philosophy, behavioral economics, and psychology, Julian Le Grand and Bill New explore the roles, boundaries, and responsibilities of the government and its citizens. Le Grand and New investigate specific policy areas, including smoking, saving for pensions, and assisted suicide. They discuss legal restrictions on risky behavior, taxation of harmful activities, and subsidies for beneficial activities. And they pay particular attention to "nudge" or libertarian paternalist proposals that try to change the context in which individuals make decisions so that they make the right ones. Le Grand and New argue that individuals often display "reasoning failure": an inability to achieve the ends that they set themselves. Such instances are ideal for paternalistic interventions—for though such interventions might impinge on autonomy, the impact can be outweighed by an improvement in well-being. Government Paternalism rigorously considers whether the state should guide citizen decision making in positive ways and if so, how this should be achieved.
The Moralization Of The Markets
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Author : Nico Stehr
language : en
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Release Date : 2011-12-31
The Moralization Of The Markets written by Nico Stehr and has been published by Transaction Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-31 with Political Science categories.
Nothing affects the modern economy (and society) more than decisions made in the market place, especially, but not only, decisions made by consumers. Although it is not startling to suggest that decisions made in production are affected by choices consumers make, consumers have long been viewed, not only by academic economists, as individual, isolated rational actors that make or refrain from purchases purely on the basis of narrow financial considerations. Markets are not and never were morally neutral. Market relations have always had an often taken-for-granted moral underpinning. The moralization of the markets refers to the dissolution and replacement of the conventional moral underpinnings of market conduct, for example, in the music market, financial markets, and corporate governance. It further implies not only the heightened importance of new ethical precepts, but the significant change in the role of moral ideals in market behavior. These profound transformations of economic conduct are accompanied and co-determined by societal conflicts. The moralization of markets represents thus a new stage in the social evolution of markets. The book is divided into four parts, in which the twelve chapters, written by contributors from different social science disciplines, deal with the context of the moralization of the markets; the major social institutions; and present case studies that examine European and American attitudes and behavior towards tobacco and GMO; expansion of the private and ethics in business; and how workers respond to the new corporate norms. This volume will be of interest to sociologists, economists, social scientists, and the general consumer alike.
Feminism And The Abyss Of Freedom
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Author : Linda M. G. Zerilli
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2020-11-13
Feminism And The Abyss Of Freedom written by Linda M. G. Zerilli and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-13 with Social Science categories.
In contemporary feminist theory, the problem of feminine subjectivity persistently appears and reappears as the site that grounds all discussion of feminism. In Feminism and the Abyss of Freedom, Linda M. G. Zerilli argues that the persistence of this subject-centered frame severely limits feminists' capacity to think imaginatively about the central problem of feminist theory and practice: a politics concerned with freedom. Offering both a discussion of feminism in its postmodern context and a critique of contemporary theory, Zerilli here challenges feminists to move away from a theory-based approach, which focuses on securing or contesting "women" as an analytic category of feminism, to one rooted in political action and judgment. She revisits the democratic problem of exclusion from participation in common affairs and elaborates a freedom-centered feminism as the political practice of beginning anew, world-building, and judging. In a series of case studies, Zerilli draws on the political thought of Hannah Arendt to articulate a nonsovereign conception of political freedom and to explore a variety of feminist understandings of freedom in the twentieth century, including ones proposed by Judith Butler, Monique Wittig, and the Milan Women's Bookstore Collective. In so doing, Zerilli hopes to retrieve what Arendt called feminism's lost treasure: the original and radical claim to political freedom.
The Foundations Of Economics
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Author : Walter Eucken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Foundations Of Economics written by Walter Eucken and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
THE FIRST GERMAN edition of this book appeared in 1940. Since then the book has gone through five more editions and has been translated into Spanish and Italian. The present English translation is based on the sixth German edition. The author was Professor of Economics at the University of Freiburg, Germany. Professor Eucken was a student at a time when the Historical School dominated the teaching of econo mics at the German universities. Although, at the beginning of his career, he did some work along the lines of the Historical School, neither the ~ims nor the methods of historical research the field of economics as practised by the representatives in of the Historical School satisfied him; and the fact that the members of this school were unable to explain the causes of economic events such as the German inflation after World War I was an added reason for him to turn to economic theory. He became, among German economists, the foremost opponent of the Historical School, which he criticised in several publica tions. Through his wrItings and his teaching he contributed his share to the revival of interest in economic theory which was noticeable in the 'twenties. And he was one of the few economists left in Germany who helped to keep this interest alive during the 'thirties and during World War II. During this time he published Kapitaltheoretische Untersuchungen (1936), and the present volume, which immediately gave rise to an extensive discussion in German economic journals.
The Right To Have Rights
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Author : Stephanie DeGooyer
language : en
Publisher: Verso Books
Release Date : 2018-02-13
The Right To Have Rights written by Stephanie DeGooyer and has been published by Verso Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-13 with Political Science categories.
Sixty years ago, the political theorist Hannah Arendt, an exiled Jew deprived of her German citizenship, observed that before people can enjoy any of the "inalienable" Rights of Man-before there can be any specific rights to education, work, voting, and so on-there must first be such a thing as "the right to have rights". The concept received little attention at the time, but in our age of mass deportations, Muslim bans, refugee crises, and extra-state war, the phrase has become the centre of a crucial and lively debate. Here five leading thinkers from varied disciplines-including history, law, politics, and literary studies-discuss the critical basis of rights and the meaning of radical democratic politics today.
Principles Of Economic Policy
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Author : A. J. Rogers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Principles Of Economic Policy written by A. J. Rogers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Political Science categories.
The Legacy Of Rousseau
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Author : Clifford Orwin
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1997-03-29
The Legacy Of Rousseau written by Clifford Orwin and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-03-29 with Philosophy categories.
Few thinkers have enjoyed so pervasive an influence as Rousseau, who originated dissatisfaction with modernity. By exploring polarities articulated by Rousseau—nature versus society, self versus other, community versus individual, and compassion versus competitiveness—these fourteen original essays show how his thought continues to shape our ways of talking, feeling, thinking, and complaining. The volume begins by taking up a central theme noted by the late Allan Bloom—Rousseau's critique of the bourgeois as the dominant modern human type and as a being fundamentally in contradiction, caught between the sentiments of nature and the demands of society. It then turns to Rousseau's crucial polarity of nature and society and to the later conceptions of history and culture it gave rise to. The third part surveys Rousseau's legacy in both domestic and international politics. Finally, the book examines Rousseau's contributions to the virtues that have become central to the current sensibility: community, sincerity, and compassion. Contributors include Allan Bloom, François Furet, Pierre Hassner, Christopher Kelly, Roger Masters, and Arthur Melzer.
Uncertain Victory
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Author : James T. Kloppenberg
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1988-03-24
Uncertain Victory written by James T. Kloppenberg and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-03-24 with Political Science categories.
Between 1870 and 1920, two generations of European and American intellectuals created a transatlantic community of philosophical and political discourse. Uncertain Victory, the first comparative study of ideas and politics in France, Germany, the U.S., and Great Britain during these fifty years, demonstrates how a number of thinkers from different traditions converged to create the theoretical foundations for new programs of social democracy and progressivism. Kloppenberg studies a wide range of pivotal theorists and activists--including philosophers such as William James, Wilhelm Dilthey, and T. H. Green, democratic socialists such as Jean Jaurès, Walter Rauschenbusch, Eduard Bernstein, and Beatrice and Sidney Webb, and social theorists such as John Dewey and Max Weber--as he establishes the connection between the philosophers' challenges to the traditions of empiricism and idealism and the activists' opposition to the traditions of laissez-faire liberalism and revolutionary socialism. By demonstrating a link between a philosophy of self-conscious uncertainty and a politics of continuing democratic experimentation, and by highlighting previously unrecognized similarities among a number of prominent 19th- and 20th-century thinkers, Uncertain Victory is sure to spur a reassessment of the relationship between ideas and politics on both sides of the Atlantic.
Politik In Der Mediendemokratie
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Author : Frank Marcinkowski
language : de
Publisher: Politische Vierteljahresschrift Sonderhefte
Release Date : 2009-07-15
Politik In Der Mediendemokratie written by Frank Marcinkowski and has been published by Politische Vierteljahresschrift Sonderhefte this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Die Rolle der Massenmedien im politischen Prozess demokratischer Staaten ist seit einigen Jahren einem grundlegenden Wandel unterworfen. Presse, Hörfunk und Fernsehen wurden lange Zeit als weitgehend passive Vermittlungsinstanzen wahr genommen, die den Publizitätsinteressen demokratischer Politik in einer primär „dienenden“ Funktion gegenüber treten. Seit den 1990er Jahren werden die Massenmedien auch in den europäischen Demokratien als zunehmend „eigenmächtige“ Akteure und folgenreich institutionalisierter Handlungskontext demokratischer Politikherstellung erkennbar. Manche Autoren sprechen von der Entwicklung regelrechter „Mediendemokratien“. Dieser PVS-Sonderband bietet eine umfassende Bestandsaufnahme der Problemdiagnosen, Zustandsbeschreibungen und Wirkungsanalysen rund um die Mediendemokratie. Die Beiträge bilanzieren den Forschungsstand in einzelnen Bereichen der Politikwissenschaft einerseits und zeigen andererseits Fragestellungen und Perspektiven für künftige Forschungsbemühungen auf.