Linguistic Structure Prediction
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Linguistic Structure Prediction
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Author : Noah A. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Linguistic Structure Prediction written by Noah A. Smith and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
A major part of natural language processing now depends on the use of text data to build linguistic analyzers. We consider statistical, computational approaches to modeling linguistic structure. We seek to unify across many approaches and many kinds of linguistic structures. Assuming a basic understanding of natural language processing and/or machine learning, we seek to bridge the gap between the two fields. Approaches to decoding (i.e., carrying out linguistic structure prediction) and supervised and unsupervised learning of models that predict discrete structures as outputs are the focus. We also survey natural language processing problems to which these methods are being applied, and we address related topics in probabilistic inference, optimization, and experimental methodology. Table of Contents: Representations and Linguistic Data / Decoding: Making Predictions / Learning Structure from Annotated Data / Learning Structure from Incomplete Data / Beyond Decoding: Inference
Linguistic Structure And Change
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Author : Thomas Berg
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1998
Linguistic Structure And Change written by Thomas Berg and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Thomas Berg challenges context-free theories of linguistics; he is concerned with the way the term 'explanation' is typically used in the discipline. He argues that real explanations cannot emerge from a view which asserts the autonomy of language, but only from an approach which seeks to establish a connection between language and the contexts in which it is embedded. The author examines the psychological context in detail. He uses an interactiveactivation model of language processing to derive predictions about synchronic linguistic patterns, the course of linguistic change, and the structure of poetic rhymes. The majority of these predictions are borne out, leading the author to conclude that the structure of language is shaped by the properties of the mechanism which puts it to use, and that psycholinguistics thus qualifies as one likely approach from which to derive an explanation of linguistic structure.
Language And Music As Cognitive Systems
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Author : Patrick Rebuschat
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012
Language And Music As Cognitive Systems written by Patrick Rebuschat and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Education categories.
The past 15 years have witnessed an increasing interest in the comparative study of language and music as cognitive systems. This book presents an interdisciplinary study of language and music, exploring the following core areas - structural comparisons, evolution, learning and processing, and neuroscience.
Language And Automata Theory And Applications
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Author : Shmuel Tomi Klein
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-04-03
Language And Automata Theory And Applications written by Shmuel Tomi Klein and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-03 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2018, held in Ramat Gan, Israel, in April 2018.The 20 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 58 submissions. The papers cover fields like algebraic language theory, algorithms for semi-structured data mining, algorithms on automata and words, automata and logic, automata for system analysis and programme verification, automata networks, automatic structures, codes, combinatorics on words, computational complexity, concurrency and Petri nets, data and image compression, descriptional complexity, foundations of finite state technology, foundations of XML, grammars (Chomsky hierarchy, contextual, unification, categorial, etc.), grammatical inference and algorithmic learning, graphs and graph transformation, language varieties and semigroups, language-based cryptography, mathematical and logical foundations of programming methodologies, parallel and regulated rewriting, parsing, patterns, power series, string processing algorithms, symbolic dynamics, term rewriting, transducers, trees, tree languages and tree automata, and weighted automata.
Language Down The Garden Path
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Author : Montserrat Sanz
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-08-30
Language Down The Garden Path written by Montserrat Sanz and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-30 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Thomas G. Bever's now iconic sentence, The horse raced past the barn fell, first appeared in his 1970 paper "The Cognitive Basis of Linguistic Structures". This 'garden path sentence', so-called because of the way it leads the reader or listener down the wrong parsing path, helped spawn the entire subfield of sentence processing. It has become the most often quoted element of a paper which spanned a wealth of research into the relationship between the grammatical system and language processing. Language Down the garden Path traces the lines of research that grew out of Bever's classic paper. Leading scientists review over 40 years of debates on the factors at play in language comprehension, production, and acquisition (the role of prediction, grammar, working memory, prosody, abstractness, syntax, and semantics mapping); the current status of universals and narrow syntax; and virtually every topic relevant in psycholinguistics since 1970. Written in an accessible and engaging style, the book will appeal to all those interested in understanding the questions that shaped, and are still shaping, this field and the ways in which linguists, cognitive scientists, psychologists, and neuroscientists are seeking to answer them.
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing
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Author : Shay Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-10
Bayesian Analysis In Natural Language Processing written by Shay Cohen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-10 with Computers categories.
Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language. Since then, the use of statistical techniques in NLP has evolved in several ways. One such example of evolution took place in the late 1990s or early 2000s, when full-fledged Bayesian machinery was introduced to NLP. This Bayesian approach to NLP has come to accommodate for various shortcomings in the frequentist approach and to enrich it, especially in the unsupervised setting, where statistical learning is done without target prediction examples. We cover the methods and algorithms that are needed to fluently read Bayesian learning papers in NLP and to do research in the area. These methods and algorithms are partially borrowed from both machine learning and statistics and are partially developed "in-house" in NLP. We cover inference techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and variational inference, Bayesian estimation, and nonparametric modeling. We also cover fundamental concepts in Bayesian statistics such as prior distributions, conjugacy, and generative modeling. Finally, we cover some of the fundamental modeling techniques in NLP, such as grammar modeling and their use with Bayesian analysis.
Introduction To Natural Language Processing
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Author : Jacob Eisenstein
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2019-10-01
Introduction To Natural Language Processing written by Jacob Eisenstein and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-01 with Computers categories.
A survey of computational methods for understanding, generating, and manipulating human language, which offers a synthesis of classical representations and algorithms with contemporary machine learning techniques. This textbook provides a technical perspective on natural language processing—methods for building computer software that understands, generates, and manipulates human language. It emphasizes contemporary data-driven approaches, focusing on techniques from supervised and unsupervised machine learning. The first section establishes a foundation in machine learning by building a set of tools that will be used throughout the book and applying them to word-based textual analysis. The second section introduces structured representations of language, including sequences, trees, and graphs. The third section explores different approaches to the representation and analysis of linguistic meaning, ranging from formal logic to neural word embeddings. The final section offers chapter-length treatments of three transformative applications of natural language processing: information extraction, machine translation, and text generation. End-of-chapter exercises include both paper-and-pencil analysis and software implementation. The text synthesizes and distills a broad and diverse research literature, linking contemporary machine learning techniques with the field's linguistic and computational foundations. It is suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses and as a reference for software engineers and data scientists. Readers should have a background in computer programming and college-level mathematics. After mastering the material presented, students will have the technical skill to build and analyze novel natural language processing systems and to understand the latest research in the field.
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing Ii
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Author : Emily M. Bender
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-01
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing Ii written by Emily M. Bender and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Computers categories.
Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). This is because the aims of these fields are to build systems that understand what people mean when they speak or write, and that can produce linguistic strings that successfully express to people the intended content. In order for NLP to scale beyond partial, task-specific solutions, researchers in these fields must be informed by what is known about how humans use language to express and understand communicative intents. The purpose of this book is to present a selection of useful information about semantics and pragmatics, as understood in linguistics, in a way that's accessible to and useful for NLP practitioners with minimal (or even no) prior training in linguistics.
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing
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Author : Emily M. Bender
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Linguistic Fundamentals For Natural Language Processing written by Emily M. Bender and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
Many NLP tasks have at their core a subtask of extracting the dependencies—who did what to whom—from natural language sentences. This task can be understood as the inverse of the problem solved in different ways by diverse human languages, namely, how to indicate the relationship between different parts of a sentence. Understanding how languages solve the problem can be extremely useful in both feature design and error analysis in the application of machine learning to NLP. Likewise, understanding cross-linguistic variation can be important for the design of MT systems and other multilingual applications. The purpose of this book is to present in a succinct and accessible fashion information about the morphological and syntactic structure of human languages that can be useful in creating more linguistically sophisticated, more language-independent, and thus more successful NLP systems. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Introduction/motivation / Morphology: Introduction / Morphophonology / Morphosyntax / Syntax: Introduction / Parts of speech / Heads, arguments, and adjuncts / Argument types and grammatical functions / Mismatches between syntactic position and semantic roles / Resources / Bibliography / Author's Biography / General Index / Index of Languages
Empiricism And Language Learnability
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Author : Nick Chater
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2015
Empiricism And Language Learnability written by Nick Chater and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book explores one of the central theoretical problems in linguistics: learnability. Written by four researchers in linguistics, psychology, computer science, and cognitive science, it sheds light on the problems of learnability and language, and their implications for key theoretical linguistics and the study of language acquisition.