Lipid Signaling In T Cell Development And Function

DOWNLOAD

Download Lipid Signaling In T Cell Development And Function PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Lipid Signaling In T Cell Development And Function book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page

Lipid Signaling In T Cell Development And Function

DOWNLOAD
Author : Karsten Sauer
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-11-12

Lipid Signaling In T Cell Development And Function written by Karsten Sauer and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-12 with Immunologic diseases categories.

Lipids are best known as energy storing molecules and core-components of cellular membranes, but can also act as mediators of cellular signaling. This is most prominently illustrated by the paramount importance of the phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways in many cells, including T cells and cancer cells. Both of these enzymes use the lipid phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate (PIP2) as their substrate. PLCs produce the lipid product diacylglycerol (DAG) and soluble inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate (IP3). DAG acts as a membrane tether for protein kinase C and RasGRP proteins. IP3 is released into the cytosol and controls calcium release from internal stores. The PI3K lipid product phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate (PIP3) controls signaling by binding and recruiting effector proteins such as Akt and Itk to cellular membranes. Recent research has unveiled important signaling roles for many additional phosphoinositides and other lipids. The articles in this volume highlight how multiple different lipids govern T cell development and function through diverse mechanisms and effectors. In T cells, lipids can orchestrate signaling by organizing membrane topology in rafts or microdomains, direct protein function through covalent lipid-modification or non-covalent lipid binding, act as intracellular or extracellular messenger molecules, or govern T cell function at the level of metabolic regulation. The cellular activity of certain lipid messengers is moreover controlled by soluble counterparts, exemplified by symmetric PIP3/inositol(1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate (IP4) signaling in developing T cells. Not surprisingly, lipid producing and metabolizing enzymes have gained attention as potential therapeutic targets for immune disorders, leukemias and lymphomas.

Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity And Function

DOWNLOAD
Author : Taylor & Francis Group
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-03-30

Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity And Function written by Taylor & Francis Group and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-30 with categories.

T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.

Diacylglycerol Kinase Signalling

DOWNLOAD
Author : Isabel Merida
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-11-23

Diacylglycerol Kinase Signalling written by Isabel Merida and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-23 with categories.

Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DG), catalyzing its conversion into phosphatidic acid (PA). This reaction attenuates membrane DG levels, limiting the localization/activation of signaling proteins that bind this lipid. Initially recognized as modulators of classical and novel PKC family members, the function of the DGK has further expanded with the identification of novel DG effectors including Ras Guanyl nucleotide-releasing proteins (RasGRP) and chimaerin Rac GTPases. The product of the DGK reaction, PA, is also a signaling lipid that mediates activation of multiple proteins including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The DGK pathway thus modulates two lipids with important signaling properties that are also key intermediates in lipid metabolism and membrane trafficking. The DGK family in eukaryotes comprises 10 different members grouped into five different subfamilies characterized by the presence of particular regulatory motifs. These regions allow the different DGK isoforms to establish specific complexes and/or to be recruited to specific subcellular compartments. The subtle regulation of DG and PA catalyzed byspecific DGKs is sensed by a restricted set of molecules, providing the means for spatio-temporal regulation of signals in highly specialized cell systems. In the recent years, multiple studies have unveiled the functions of specific isoforms, their mechanisms of regulation and their participation in different pathways leading to and from DG and PA. Animal models have greatly helped to understand the specialized contribution of DGK mediated signals, particularly in the immune and central nervous systems. Mice deficient for individual DGK isoforms show defects in T and B cell functions, dendritic spine maintenance, osteoclast and mechanical-induced skeletal muscle formation. Studies in flies and worms link DGK mediated DAG metabolism with mTOR- mediated regulation of lifespan and stress responses. In plants DGK mediated PA formation contributes to plant responses to environmental signals. Aberrant DGK function has been recently associated with pathological states, an expected consequence of the essential role of these enzymes in the regulation of multiple tissue and systemic functions. DGK mutations/deletions have been related to human diseases including diabetes, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, Parkinson disease and bipolar disorders. On the contrary DGK upregulation emerges as a non-oncogenic addition of certain tumors and represents one of the main mechanism by which cancer evades the immune attack. As a result, the DGK field emerges an exciting new area of research with important therapeutic potential.

Pi3k Signalling

DOWNLOAD
Author : Klaus Okkenhaug
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-03-05

Pi3k Signalling written by Klaus Okkenhaug and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-05 with Immunologic diseases. Allergy categories.

The PI3Ks control many key functions in immune cells. PI3Ks phosphorylate PtdIns(4,5)P2 to yield PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Initially, PI3K inhibitors such as Wortmannin, LY294002 and Rapamycin were used to establish a central role for Pi3K pathway in immune cells. Considerable progress in understanding the role of this pathway in cells of the immune system has been made in recent years, starting with analysis of various PI3K and Pten knockout mice and subsequently mTOR and Foxo knockout mice. Together, these experiments have revealed how PI3Ks control B cell and T cell development, T helper cell differentiation, regulatory T cell development and function, B cell and T cell trafficking, immunoglobulin class switching and much, much more. The PI3Kd inhibitor idelalisib has recently been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma. Clinical trials of other PI3K inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are also in progress. This is an opportune time to consider a Research Topic considering when what we have learned about the PI3K signalling module in lymphocyte biology and how this is making an impact on clinical immunology and haematology.

Encyclopedia Of Immunobiology

DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-04-27

Encyclopedia Of Immunobiology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-27 with Medical categories.

Encyclopedia of Immunobiology, Five Volume Set provides the largest integrated source of immunological knowledge currently available. It consists of broad ranging, validated summaries on all of the major topics in the field as written by a team of leading experts. The large number of topics covered is relevant to a wide range of scientists working on experimental and clinical immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, veterinary science, physiology, and hematology. The book is built in thematic sections that allow readers to rapidly navigate around related content. Specific sections focus on basic, applied, and clinical immunology. The structure of each section helps readers from a range of backgrounds gain important understanding of the subject. Contains tables, pictures, and multimedia features that enhance the learning process In-depth coverage allows readers from a range of backgrounds to benefit from the material Provides handy cross-referencing between articles to improve readability, including easy access from portable devices

Molecular Biology Of The Cell

DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Molecular Biology Of The Cell written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Cells categories.

Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

DOWNLOAD
Author : Hans D. Ochs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases written by Hans D. Ochs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Medical categories.

The second edition of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases presents discussions of gene identification, mutation detection, and clinical and research applications for over 100 genetic immune disorders--disorders featuring an increased susceptibility to infections and, in certain conditions, an icreased rate of malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Since the publication of the first edition, a flurry of new disease entities has been defined and new treatment regimens have been introduced, the most spectacular being successful treatment by gene therapy for two genotypes of combined immunodeficiency. The first edition marked a historic turning point in the field of immunodeficiencies, demonstrating that many of the disorders of the immune systam could be understood at a molecular level. This new edition can proudly document the tremendous pace of progress in dissecting the complex immunologic networks responsible for protecting individuals from these disorders.

Transduction Mechanisms In Cellular Signaling

DOWNLOAD
Author : Edward A. Dennis
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2011-04-12

Transduction Mechanisms In Cellular Signaling written by Edward A. Dennis and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-12 with Science categories.

"Cell signaling, which is also often referred to as signal transduction or, in more specialized cases, transmembrane signaling, is the process by which cells communicate with their environment and respond temporally to external cues that they sense there. All cells have the capacity to achieve this to some degree, albeit with a wide variation in purpose, mechanism, and response. At the same time, there is a remarkable degree of similarity over quite a range of species, particularly in the eukaryotic kingdom, and comparative physiology has been a useful tool in the development of this field. The central importance of this general phenomenon (sensing of external stimuli by cells) has been appreciated for a long time, but it has truly become a dominant part of cell and molecular biology research in the past three decades, in part because a description of the dynamic responses of cells to external stimuli is, in essence, a description of the life process itself. This approach lies at the core of the developing fields of proteomics and metabolomics, and its importance to human and animal health is already plainly evident"--Provided by publisher.

Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research

DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987

Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Medicine categories.

Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research Pt A Subject Access A H

DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research Pt A Subject Access A H written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Medicine categories.