Logical Foundations Of Probablity
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Logical Foundations Of Probablity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date :
Logical Foundations Of Probablity written by and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Philosophical Foundations Of Probability Theory
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Author : Roy Weatherford
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-06-01
Philosophical Foundations Of Probability Theory written by Roy Weatherford and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Philosophy categories.
First published in 1982, Philosophical Foundations of Probability Theory starts with the uses we make of the concept in everyday life and then examines the rival theories that seek to account for these applications. It offers a critical exposition of the major philosophical theories of probability, with special attention given to the metaphysical and epistemological assumptions and implications of each. The Classical Theory suggests probability is simply the ratio of favorable cases to all equi-possible cases: it is this theory that is relied on by gamblers and by most non-specialists. The A Priori Theory, on the other hand, describes probability as a logical relation between statements based on evidence. The Relative Frequency theories locate it not in logic but among empirical rates of occurrence in the real world, while the Subjectivist Theory identifies probability with the degree of a person’s belief in a proposition. Each of these types of theory is examined in turn, and the treatment is unified by the use of running examples and parallel analyses of each theory. The final chapter includes a summary and the author’s conclusions. This book is an essential read for scholars and researchers of Philosophy.
The Logical Foundations Of Statistical Inference
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Author : Henry E. Kyburg Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Logical Foundations Of Statistical Inference written by Henry E. Kyburg Jr. and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
Everyone knows it is easy to lie with statistics. It is important then to be able to tell a statistical lie from a valid statistical inference. It is a relatively widely accepted commonplace that our scientific knowledge is not certain and incorrigible, but merely probable, subject to refinement, modifi cation, and even overthrow. The rankest beginner at a gambling table understands that his decisions must be based on mathematical ex pectations - that is, on utilities weighted by probabilities. It is widely held that the same principles apply almost all the time in the game of life. If we turn to philosophers, or to mathematical statisticians, or to probability theorists for criteria of validity in statistical inference, for the general principles that distinguish well grounded from ill grounded generalizations and laws, or for the interpretation of that probability we must, like the gambler, take as our guide in life, we find disagreement, confusion, and frustration. We might be prepared to find disagreements on a philosophical and theoretical level (although we do not find them in the case of deductive logic) but we do not expect, and we may be surprised to find, that these theoretical disagreements lead to differences in the conclusions that are regarded as 'acceptable' in the practice of science and public affairs, and in the conduct of business.
Truth Possibility And Probability
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Author : R. Chuaqui
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1991-06-20
Truth Possibility And Probability written by R. Chuaqui and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-06-20 with Mathematics categories.
Anyone involved in the philosophy of science is naturally drawn into the study of the foundations of probability. Different interpretations of probability, based on competing philosophical ideas, lead to different statistical techniques, and frequently to mutually contradictory consequences.This unique book presents a new interpretation of probability, rooted in the traditional interpretation that was current in the 17th and 18th centuries. Mathematical models are constructed based on this interpretation, and statistical inference and decision theory are applied, including some examples in artificial intelligence, solving the main foundational problems. Nonstandard analysis is extensively developed for the construction of the models and in some of the proofs. Many nonstandard theorems are proved, some of them new, in particular, a representation theorem that asserts that any stochastic process can be approximated by a process defined over a space with equiprobable outcomes.
Logical Foundations Of Probability
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Author : Rudolf Carnap (Philosopher, Germany, United States)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1951
Logical Foundations Of Probability written by Rudolf Carnap (Philosopher, Germany, United States) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1951 with categories.
The Blackwell Guide To Philosophical Logic
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Author : Lou Goble
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2001-08-30
The Blackwell Guide To Philosophical Logic written by Lou Goble and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-30 with Philosophy categories.
This volume presents a definitive introduction to twenty core areas of philosophical logic including classical logic, modal logic, alternative logics and close examinations of key logical concepts. The chapters, written especially for this volume by internationally distinguished logicians, philosophers, computer scientists and linguists, provide comprehensive studies of the concepts, motivations, methods, formal systems, major results and applications of their subject areas. The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic engages both general readers and experienced logicians and provides a solid foundation for further study.
An Introduction To Probability And Inductive Logic
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Author : Ian Hacking
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-07-02
An Introduction To Probability And Inductive Logic written by Ian Hacking and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-02 with Mathematics categories.
An introductory 2001 textbook on probability and induction written by a foremost philosopher of science.
Theories Of Probability
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Author : Louis Narens
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2007
Theories Of Probability written by Louis Narens and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Mathematics categories.
Standard probability theory has been an enormously successful contribution to modern science. However, from many perspectives it is too narrow as a general theory of uncertainty, particularly for issues involving subjective uncertainty. This first-of-its-kind book is primarily based on qualitative approaches to probabilistic-like uncertainty, and includes qualitative theories for the standard theory as well as several of its generalizations.One of these generalizations produces a belief function composed of two functions: a probability function that measures the probabilistic strength of an uncertain event, and another function that measures the amount of ambiguity or vagueness of the event. Another unique approach of the book is to change the event space from a boolean algebra, which is closely linked to classical propositional logic, to a different event algebra that is closely linked to a well-studied generalization of classical propositional logic known as intuitionistic logic. Together, these new qualitative theories succeed where the standard probability theory fails by accounting for a number of puzzling empirical findings in the psychology of human probability judgments and decision making.
Logical Foundations Of Computer Science
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Author : Sergei Artemov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-01-05
Logical Foundations Of Computer Science written by Sergei Artemov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-05 with Mathematics categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Logical Foundations of Computer Science, LFCS 2013, held in San Diego, CA, USA in January 2013. The volume presents 29 revised refereed papers carefully selected by the program committee. The scope of the Symposium is broad and includes constructive mathematics and type theory; logic, automata and automatic structures; computability and randomness; logical foundations of programming; logical aspects of computational complexity; logic programming and constraints; automated deduction and interactive theorem proving; logical methods in protocol and program verification; logical methods in program specification and extraction; domain theory logic; logical foundations of database theory; equational logic and term rewriting; lambda and combinatory calculi; categorical logic and topological semantics; linear logic; epistemic and temporal logics; intelligent and multiple agent system logics; logics of proof and justification; nonmonotonic reasoning; logic in game theory and social software; logic of hybrid systems; distributed system logics; mathematical fuzzy logic; system design logics; and other logics in computer science.
Theories Of Probability
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Author : Terrence L. Fine
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-05-10
Theories Of Probability written by Terrence L. Fine and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-10 with Mathematics categories.
Theories of Probability: An Examination of Foundations reviews the theoretical foundations of probability, with emphasis on concepts that are important for the modeling of random phenomena and the design of information processing systems. Topics covered range from axiomatic comparative and quantitative probability to the role of relative frequency in the measurement of probability. Computational complexity and random sequences are also discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an introduction to different types of probability theories, followed by a detailed account of axiomatic formalizations of comparative and quantitative probability and the relations between them. Subsequent chapters focus on the Kolmogorov formalization of quantitative probability; the common interpretation of probability as a limit of the relative frequency of the number of occurrences of an event in repeated, unlinked trials of a random experiment; an improved theory for repeated random experiments; and the classical theory of probability. The book also examines the origin of subjective probability as a by-product of the development of individual judgments into decisions. Finally, it suggests that none of the known theories of probability covers the whole domain of engineering and scientific practice. This monograph will appeal to students and practitioners in the fields of mathematics and statistics as well as engineering and the physical and social sciences.