Machine Learning Applications And Observation Of Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of Bottom Quarks With The Atlas Detector
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Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of Bottom Quarks
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Author : Cecilia Tosciri
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-22
Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of Bottom Quarks written by Cecilia Tosciri and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-22 with Science categories.
The discovery in 2012 of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) represents a milestone for the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Most of the SM Higgs production and decay rates have been measured at the LHC with increased precision. However, despite its experimental success, the SM is known to be only an effective manifestation of a more fundamental description of nature. The scientific research at the LHC is strongly focused on extending the SM by searching, directly or indirectly, for indications of New Physics. The extensive physics program requires increasingly advanced computational and algorithmic techniques. In the last decades, Machine Learning (ML) methods have made a prominent appearance in the field of particle physics, and promise to address many challenges faced by the LHC. This thesis presents the analysis that led to the observation of the SM Higgs boson decay into pairs of bottom quarks. The analysis exploits the production of a Higgs boson associated with a vector boson whose signatures enable efficient triggering and powerful background reduction. The main strategy to maximise the signal sensitivity is based on a multivariate approach. The analysis is performed on a dataset corresponding to a luminosity of 79.8/fb collected by the ATLAS experiment during Run-2 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. An excess of events over the expected background is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.9 (4.3) standard deviation. A combination with results from other \Hbb searches provides an observed (expected) significance of 5.4 (5.5). The corresponding ratio between the signal yield and the SM expectation is 1.01 +- 0.12 (stat.)+ 0.16-0.15(syst.). The 'observation' analysis was further extended to provide a finer interpretation of the V H(H → bb) signal measurement. The cross sections for the VH production times the H → bb branching ratio have been measured in exclusive regions of phase space. These measurements are used to search for possible deviations from the SM with an effective field theory approach, based on anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson. The results of the cross-section measurements, as well as the constraining of the operators that affect the couplings of the Higgs boson to the vector boson and the bottom quarks, have been documented and discussed in this thesis. This thesis also describes a novel technique for the fast simulation of the forward calorimeter response, based on similarity search methods. Such techniques constitute a branch of ML and include clustering and indexing methods that enable quick and efficient searches for vectors similar to each other. The new simulation approach provides optimal results in terms of detector resolution response and reduces the computational requirements of a standard particles simulation.
Advances In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning
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Author : Gaurav Raj
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-03-16
Advances In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning written by Gaurav Raj and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-16 with Computers categories.
This book presents a collection of peer-reviewed articles from the International Conference on Advances and Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning—ICAAAIML 2023. The book covers research in the areas of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning applications in health care, agriculture, business, and security. This book contains research papers from academicians, researchers as well as students. There are also papers on core concepts of computer networks, intelligent system design and deployment, real-time systems, wireless sensor networks, sensors and sensor nodes, software engineering, and image processing. This book is a valuable resource for students, academics, and practitioners in the industry working on AI applications.
A Boson Learned From Its Context And A Boson Learned From Its End
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Author : Jeffrey Roskes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-11-19
A Boson Learned From Its Context And A Boson Learned From Its End written by Jeffrey Roskes and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-19 with Science categories.
This thesis develops fundamental ideas and advanced techniques for studying the Higgs boson’s interactions with the known matter and force particles. The Higgs boson appears as an excitation of the Higgs field, which permeates the vacuum. Several other phenomena in our Universe, such as dark energy, dark matter, and the abundance of matter over antimatter, remain unexplained. The Higgs field may prove to be the connection between our known world and the “dark” world, and studies of the Higgs boson's interactions are essential to reveal possible new phenomena. The unique feature of this work is simultaneous measurement of the Higgs boson’s associated production (its context, to use the language of the title) and its decay (its end), while allowing for multiple parameters sensitive to new phenomena. This includes computer simulation with Monte Carlo techniques of the complicated structure of the Higgs boson interactions, the matrix-element calculation of per-event likelihoods for optimal observables, and advanced fitting methods with hundreds of intricate components that cover all possible parameters and quantum mechanical interference. This culminates in the most advanced analysis of LHC data in the multi-parameter approach to Higgs physics in its single golden four-lepton decay channel to date. Optimization of the CMS detector’s silicon-based tracking system, essential for these measurements, is also described.
Search For Tt H Production In The H Bb Decay Channel
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Author : Marcel Rieger
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-02-25
Search For Tt H Production In The H Bb Decay Channel written by Marcel Rieger and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-25 with Science categories.
In 1964, a mechanism explaining the origin of particle masses was proposed by Robert Brout, François Englert, and Peter W. Higgs. 48 years later, in 2012, the so-called Higgs boson was discovered in proton-proton collisions recorded by experiments at the LHC. Since then, its ability to interact with quarks remained experimentally unconfirmed. This book presents a search for Higgs bosons produced in association with top quarks tt̄H in data recorded with the CMS detector in 2016. It focuses on Higgs boson decays into bottom quarks H → bb̅ and top quark pair decays involving at least one lepton. In this analysis, a multiclass classification approach using deep learning techniques was applied for the first time. In light of the dominant background contribution from tt̄ production, the developed method proved to achieve superior sensitivity with respect to existing techniques. In combination with searches in different decay channels, the presented work contributed to the first observations of tt̄H production and H → bb̅ decays.
Machine Learning Applications And Observation Of Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of Bottom Quarks With The Atlas Detector
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Author : Cecilia Tosciri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Machine Learning Applications And Observation Of Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of Bottom Quarks With The Atlas Detector written by Cecilia Tosciri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Atlas Measurements Of The Higgs Boson Coupling To The Top Quark In The Higgs To Diphoton Decay Channel
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Author : Jennet Elizabeth Dickinson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-16
Atlas Measurements Of The Higgs Boson Coupling To The Top Quark In The Higgs To Diphoton Decay Channel written by Jennet Elizabeth Dickinson and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-16 with Science categories.
During Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, the ATLAS experiment recorded proton-proton collision events at 13 TeV, the highest energy ever achieved in a collider. Analysis of this dataset has provided new opportunities for precision measurements of the Higgs boson, including its interaction with the top quark. The Higgs-top coupling can be directly probed through the production of a Higgs boson in association with a top-antitop quark pair (ttH). The Higgs to diphoton decay channel is among the most sensitive for ttH measurements due to the excellent diphoton mass resolution of the ATLAS detector and the clean signature of this decay. Event selection criteria were developed using novel Machine Learning techniques to target ttH events, yielding a precise measurement of the ttH cross section in the diphoton channel and a 6.3 $\sigma$ observation of the ttH process in combination with other decay channels, as well as stringent limits on CP violation in the Higgs-top coupling.
Investigating The Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of B And C Quarks With The Atlas Detector At The Lhc And Development Of Machine Learning Methods For Particle Flow Reconstruction
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Author : Matteo Tusoni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Investigating The Higgs Boson Decays Into A Pair Of B And C Quarks With The Atlas Detector At The Lhc And Development Of Machine Learning Methods For Particle Flow Reconstruction written by Matteo Tusoni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Search For Dark Matter Produced In Association With A Higgs Boson Decaying To Two Bottom Quarks At Atlas
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Author : Yangyang Cheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-29
Search For Dark Matter Produced In Association With A Higgs Boson Decaying To Two Bottom Quarks At Atlas written by Yangyang Cheng and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-29 with Science categories.
This thesis reports on the search for dark matter in data taken with the ATLAS detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The identification of dark matter and the determination of its properties are among the highest priorities in elementary particle physics and cosmology. The most likely candidate, a weakly interacting massive particle, could be produced in the high energy proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The analysis presented here is unique in looking for dark matter produced together with a Higgs boson that decays into its dominant decay mode, a pair of b quarks. If dark matter were seen in this mode, we would learn directly about the production mechanism because of the presence of the Higgs boson. This thesis develops the search technique and presents the most stringent production limit to date.
The Beauty And The Boost A Higgs Boson Tale
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Author : Brian Moser
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-09-19
The Beauty And The Boost A Higgs Boson Tale written by Brian Moser and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Science categories.
Precision measurements of the Higgs boson’s properties are a powerful tool to look for deviations from the predictions of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The 139/fb of proton-proton collision data which have been collected by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the LHC, offer an opportunity to investigate rare Higgs-boson topologies, which are particularly sensitive to new physics scenarios but experimentally difficult to access. Several such measurements, which target Higgs-boson decays to heavy-flavour quarks, as well as their combinations are presented in this thesis. A novel analysis that measures Higgs-boson production in association with a heavy vector boson V (VH, with V=W,Z) at high energies is presented. Dedicated Higgs-boson reconstruction techniques are applied to reconstruct the highly Lorentz-boosted Higgs-boson decays into pairs of bottom quarks. The measurement is subsequently combined with a VH cross-section measurement at low and intermediate pT(V) to provide a differential cross-section measurement in kinematic fiducial volumes over the largest possible pT(V) range. All cross-section measurements agree with the SM predictions within relative uncertainties that range from 30% to 300%. The results are furthermore interpreted as limits on the parameters of a SM effective field theory. Finally, a combination of measurements of Higgs decays to heavy-flavour quarks is used to experimentally determine that the Higgs-boson coupling to charm quarks is weaker than to bottom quarks, as predicted by the SM. The target audience for the thesis are physicists and physics students, in particular those with a background in high energy physics.
Higgs From Top To Bottom
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Author : Tim Michael Heinz Wolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Higgs From Top To Bottom written by Tim Michael Heinz Wolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
In the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, it is expected that the Higgs boson as a scalar spin-0 particle gives mass to all other elementary particles. In addition, the coupling to the top quark, as the heaviest elementary particle, is expected to be of order unity. Proton--proton collision data at a center of mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider is used to study the interaction between the Higgs boson and the top quark. Data of up to 79.8 fb−1 in various Higgs boson decay modes is analyzed to study Higgs boson production in association with a pair of top quarks (ttH) and probe the SM expectation. This thesis focuses on Higgs decays to bottom quarks and faces the challenges inherent to this decay mode such as limited amount of Monte Carlo statistics and limited understanding of the background modeling. In this thesis, the collected data is used to establish the Higgs boson-top quark coupling by combining analyses targeting different Higgs boson decay modes, employing cutting edge statistical methods. The extracted cross-section ratio with respect to the SM prediction of the ttH process is measured to be 1.32 (+0.28 -0.26) in agreement with the SM expectation. This constitutes a discovery with a significance of 5.8 standard deviations and establishes the coupling between the Higgs boson and the top quark.