Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes

DOWNLOAD

Download Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page

Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes Evidence From Fiscal Consolidations

DOWNLOAD

Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-09-28

Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes Evidence From Fiscal Consolidations written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-28 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper examines the macroeconomic effects of tax changes during fiscal consolidations. We build a new narrative dataset of tax changes during fiscal consolidation years, containing detailed information on the expected revenue impact, motivation, and announcement and implementation dates of nearly 2,500 tax measures across 10 OECD countries. We analyze the macroeconomic impact of tax changes, distinguishing between tax rate and tax base changes, and further separating between changes in personal income, corporate income, and value added tax. Our results suggest that base broadening during fiscal consolidations leads to smaller output and employment declines compared to rate hikes, even when distinguishing between tax types.

Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes

DOWNLOAD

Author : Frederico Lima
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022

Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Rate And Base Changes written by Frederico Lima and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.

This paper examines the macroeconomic effects of tax changes during fiscal consolidations. We build a new narrative dataset of tax changes during fiscal consolidation years, containing detailed information on the expected yield, motivation, and announcement and implementation dates of more than 2,000 tax measures across 10 OECD countries. Using this data, we then analyze the macroeconomic impact of tax changes, distinguishing between tax rate and tax base changes, and further differentiating between changes in personal income, corporate income, and value added taxes. Our results suggest that base broadening during fiscal consolidations leads to smaller output and employment declines compared to rate hikes, even when distinguishing between tax types.

The Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Changes

DOWNLOAD

Author : Christina Romer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

The Macroeconomic Effects Of Tax Changes written by Christina Romer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Economic development categories.

This paper investigates the impact of changes in the level of taxation on economic activity. We use the narrative record -- presidential speeches, executive-branch documents, and Congressional reports -- to identify the size, timing, and principal motivation for all major postwar tax policy actions. This narrative analysis allows us to separate revenue changes resulting from legislation from changes occurring for other reasons. It also allows us to further separate legislated changes into those taken for reasons related to prospective economic conditions, such as countercyclical actions and tax changes tied to changes in government spending, and those taken for more exogenous reasons, such as to reduce an inherited budget deficit or to promote long-run growth. We then examine the behavior of output following these more exogenous legislated changes. The resulting estimates indicate that tax increases are highly contractionary. The effects are strongly significant, highly robust, and much larger than those obtained using broader measures of tax changes. The large effect stems in considerable part from a powerful negative effect of tax increases on investment. We also find that legislated tax increases designed to reduce a persistent budget deficit appear to have much smaller output costs than other tax increases.

Tax Reforms And Fiscal Shock Smoothing

DOWNLOAD

Author : Mr.David Amaglobeli
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-05-23

Tax Reforms And Fiscal Shock Smoothing written by Mr.David Amaglobeli and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-23 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper examines the role of tax policy reforms in enhancing fiscal shock smoothing in a panel of 13 OECD economies during the period 1980-2017. The results suggest that tax reforms, in particular those that broaden the tax base, significantly enhance the ability of fiscal policy to mitigate the impact of growth shocks on disposable income. We find that the magnitude of shock smoothing increases from an average of 2 percent to 3-31⁄2 percent following the reform. The effects are considerably higher for tax base than tax rate changes, and also higher for indirect tax than direct tax changes. The effects are symmetric—that is, the increase in shock smoothing following a reform expanding the tax base (rate) is similar to the decline in shock smoothing after a reform narrowing the tax base (rate). Tax elasticity, collection efficiency, and the progressivity of the tax system are important channels through which tax reforms affect fiscal stabilization.

Corporate Tax Reform From Income To Cash Flow Taxes

DOWNLOAD

Author : Benjamin Carton
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-01-16

Corporate Tax Reform From Income To Cash Flow Taxes written by Benjamin Carton and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-16 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper uses a multi-region, forward-looking, DSGE model to estimate the macroeconomic impact of a tax reform that replaces a corporate income tax (CIT) with a destination-based cash-flow tax (DBCFT). Two key channels are at play. The first channel is the shift from an income tax to a cash-flow tax. This channel induces the corporate sector to invest more, boosting long-run potential output, GDP and consumption, but crowding out consumption in the short run as households save to build up the capital stock. The second channel is the shift from a taxable base that comprises domestic and foreign revenues, to one where only domestic revenues enter. This leads to an appreciation of the currency to offset the competitiveness boost afforded by the tax and maintain domestic investment-saving equilibrium. The paper demonstrates that spillover effects from the tax reform are positive in the long run as other countries’ exports benefit from additional investment in the country undertaking the reform and other countries’ domestic demand benefits from improved terms of trade. The paper also shows that there are substantial benefits when all countries undertake the reform. Finally, the paper demonstrates that in the presence of financial frictions, corporate debt declines under the tax reform as firms are no longer able to deduct interest expenses from their profits. In this case, the tax shifting results in an increase in the corporate risk premia, a near-term decline in output, and a smaller long-run increase in GDP.

Macroeconomic Analysis Of The Tax Reform Act Of 2014

DOWNLOAD

Author : Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-02-03

Macroeconomic Analysis Of The Tax Reform Act Of 2014 written by Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-03 with Business & Economics categories.

This document,1 prepared by the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation (“Joint Committee staff”), provides an analysis of the macroeconomic effects of a proposal to modify both the individual and corporate income tax by broadening their tax bases and changing statutory tax rates. This analysis is based on the proposal as it corresponds to the estimates presented in Estimated Revenue Effects of the “Tax Reform Act of 2014” (JCX-20-14), February 26, 2014 (and described in Discussion Draft CAMP_041). The following analysis uses both an overlapping generations lifecycle model and the Joint Committee staff's Macroeconomic Equilibrium Growth model to simulate the macroeconomic effects of the proposal. In general, the lower effective marginal tax rates resulting from the combination of lower statutory tax rates and changes to the definition of taxable income provide an incentive for increased labor effort, and under some modeling assumptions for some years, increased business investment. Relative to present law, the policy provides an incentive for increased consumer purchases of goods and services by increasing after-tax income of households. This effect can be important when the economy is operating below full capacity. The extent of both supply and demand effects depends on the sensitivity of individual labor choices to changing effective marginal rates, the responsiveness of individual savings choices to changes in the after-tax return on earnings from investment, and the responsiveness of businesses to changing incentives for overall investment and the location of investment and taxable profits in the United States. In addition, the projected impacts of the proposal on the economy depend on assumptions about the monetary policy response by the Federal Reserve Board. In general, under most modeling assumptions, the proposal is projected to increase overall economic activity as measured by changes in gross domestic product (“GDP”) relative to the present law baseline over the 10-year budget period.

Cross Country Evidence On The Revenue Impact Of Tax Reforms

DOWNLOAD

Author : Mr. David Amaglobeli
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2022-09-30

Cross Country Evidence On The Revenue Impact Of Tax Reforms written by Mr. David Amaglobeli and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-30 with Business & Economics categories.

Many countries face the challenge of raising additional tax revenues without hurting economic growth. Comprehensive, cross-country information on the revenue impact of tax policy changes can thus support informed decision-making on viable reforms. We assess the likely revenue impact of various tax policy changes based on a sample of 21 advanced and emerging market economies, using granular information from the IMF Tax Policy Reform Database v.4.0. Our findings suggest that the revenue yield of a tax policy change varies significantly depending on the tax instrument adopted (e.g., VAT or personal income tax) and the nature of the change (i.e., rate, base). For example, in our sample, base-broadening changes to personal and corporate income taxes as well as to excise and property taxes have generally a more significant and long-lasting revenue yields than rate changes. By contrast, rate changes appear to have a relatively more significant revenue impact in the case of VAT and social security contributions. We also observe an asymmetry in the revenue impact of most tax policy measures when controlling for the direction of tax changes (i.e., its significance varies depending on whether taxes are increased or decreased). While our results are based on qualitative information of tax policy changes (i.e., dummy variables), the revenue yields of rate measures are not materially different from those that would be obtained using quantitative information on the size of the change.

Macroeconomic Effects Of Dividend Taxation With Investment Credit Limits

DOWNLOAD

Author : Matteo Ghilardi
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2022-07

Macroeconomic Effects Of Dividend Taxation With Investment Credit Limits written by Matteo Ghilardi and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07 with Business & Economics categories.

We analyze the effects of dividend taxation in a general equilibrium business cycle model with an occasionally-binding investment credit limit. Permanent dividend tax reforms distort capital investment decisions in the binding long-run equilibrium, but are neutral otherwise. Temporary unexpected tax cuts stimulate shortterm real activity in the credit-constrained economy, yet produce contractionary macroeconomic outcomes in the slack regime. The occasionally-binding constraint reconciles the `traditional' and `new' views of dividend taxation, and highlights the importance of measuring the firm's initial borrowing position before enacting tax reforms. Finally, permanently lower dividend taxes dampen financial business cycles, and help to explain macroeconomic asymmetries.

Macroeconomic And Distributional Effects Of Personal Income Tax Reforms

DOWNLOAD

Author : Mrs.Sandra V Lizarazo Ruiz
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-09-01

Macroeconomic And Distributional Effects Of Personal Income Tax Reforms written by Mrs.Sandra V Lizarazo Ruiz and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-01 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper assesses the macroeconomic and distributional impact of personal income tax (PIT) reforms in the U.S. drawing on a multi-sector heterogenous agents model in which consumers have non-homothetic preferences and sectors differ in terms of their relative labor and skill intensity. The model is calibrated to key characteristics of the US economy. We find that (i) PIT cuts stimulate growth but the supply side effects are never large enough to offset the revenue loss from lower marginal tax rates; (ii) PIT cuts do “trickle-down” the income distribution: tax cuts stimulate demand for non-tradable services which raise the wages and employment prospects of low-skilled workers even if the tax cut is not directly incident on them; (iii) A revenue neutral tax plan that reduces PIT for middle-income groups, raises the consumption tax, and expands the Earned Income Tax Credit can have modestly positive effects on growth while reducing income polarization; (iv) The growth effects from lower income taxes are concentrated in non-tradable service sectors although the increased demand for tradable goods generate positive spillovers to other countries; (v) Tax cuts targeted to higher income groups have a stronger growth impact than tax cuts for middle income households but significantly worsen income polarization, even after taking into account trickle-down effects and an expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit.

The Impact Of Macroeconomic Policieson The Level Of Taxation Andon The Fiscal Balance In Developing Countries

DOWNLOAD

Author : Mr.Vito Tanzi
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1988-10-24

The Impact Of Macroeconomic Policieson The Level Of Taxation Andon The Fiscal Balance In Developing Countries written by Mr.Vito Tanzi and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-10-24 with Business & Economics categories.

In recent years the level of taxation of many developing countries has changed dramatically over relatively short periods. These changes are too large and too sudden to attribute fully to a deterioration in tax administration or to changes in the traditional determinants of tax levels. The paper argues that they should be attributed mostly to macroeconomic policies. The paper discusses the connection between tax levels and (a) the real value of the official exchange rate, (b) import substitution policies, (c) trade liberalization, (d) inflation, (e) public debt, (f) financial policies. The paper concludes that more attention should be paid to those relationships and that tax reform should aim at neutralizing some of these effects.