Mars Analogs Environment Habitability And Biodiversity
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Mars Analogs Environment Habitability And Biodiversity
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Author : Yiliang Li
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-06-15
Mars Analogs Environment Habitability And Biodiversity written by Yiliang Li and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-15 with Science categories.
Martian surface contains diverse lithologies (from sedimentary rocks to mafic-ultramafic igneous rocks) and ground patterns. These rocks record the late-stage evolution on the Martian surface from a temperate environment with bodies of liquid water to the current cold and hyper-arid environment. The constraints on the key parameters and processes for water-rock interaction, sedimentation of materials, and geomorphological development can provide important insights into the environmental change and habitability on the Martian surface. However, due to the difficulty in accessing Martian samples and limited remote-sensing data available from the Martian surface, most of the mysteries on Mars remain unraveled. In this proposed research topic we will focus on geological settings on Earth that are similar to the conditions on Mars. These Mars analogs are employed to infer possible processes on Mars and their impact on habitability and the search for life. The Mars analogs on Earth span a variety of environments, such as the super-arid sedimentary plains (e.g., the Qaidam Basin in the north of the Tibetan Plateau, the Mojave Basin in the USA, and the Atacama Desert in South America), the subsurface fracture waters in Precambrian cratons (e.g., the Canadian Shield, the Fennoscandian Shield, and the Kaapvaal Craton), high salinity localities (e.g. Laguna de Tírez, salt mines, and deep-sea brines) as well as extremely cold and highly radiative environments (e.g., polar regions, thin atmosphere). These settings on Earth are more accessible for collecting high-quality mineralogical, geochemical, geochronological, and microbiological data by the state-of-the-art facilities. These data can provide a solid cornerstone for us to understand the cycles of water and other life-essential elements, and their impact on habitability and biodiversity in extreme environments on Earth as well as the limits of life and the detection of biosignatures. Such research can also provide vital insights on the search for life on other planets and moons.
From Habitability To Life On Mars
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Author : Nathalie A. Cabrol
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-06-29
From Habitability To Life On Mars written by Nathalie A. Cabrol and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-29 with Science categories.
From Habitability to Life on Mars explores the current state of knowledge and questions on the past habitability of Mars and the role that rapid environmental changes may have played in the ability of prebiotic chemistry to transition to life. It investigates the role that such changes may have played in the preservation of biosignatures in the geological record and what this means for exploration strategies. Throughout the book, the authors show how the investigation of terrestrial analogs to early Martian habitats under various climates and environmental extremes provide critical clues to understand where, what and how to search for biosignatures on Mars. The authors present an introduction to the newest developments and state-of-the-art remote and in situ detection strategies and technologies that are being currently developed to support the upcoming ExoMars and Mars 2020 missions. They show how the current orbital and ground exploration is guiding the selection for future landing sites. Finally, the book concludes by discussing the critical question of the implications and ethics of finding life on Mars. - Edited by the lead on a NASA project that searches for habitability and life on Mars leading to the Mars 2020 mission - Presents the evidence, questions and answers we have today (including a summary of the current state of knowledge in advance of the ESA ExoMars and NASA Mars 2020 missions) - Includes contributions from authors directly involved in past, current and upcoming Mars missions - Provides key information as to how Mars rovers, such as ExoMars and Mars 2020, will address the search for life on Mars with their instrumentation
Habitability Of Other Planets And Satellites
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Author : Jean-Pierre de Vera
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-07-30
Habitability Of Other Planets And Satellites written by Jean-Pierre de Vera and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-30 with Science categories.
Is the Earth the right model and the only universal key to understand habitability, the origin and maintenance of life? Are we able to detect life elsewhere in the universe by the existing techniques and by the upcoming space missions? This book tries to give answers by focusing on environmental properties, which are playing a major role in influencing planetary surfaces or the interior of planets and satellites. The book gives insights into the nature of planets or satellites and their potential to harbor life. Different scientific disciplines are searching for the clues to classify planetary bodies as a habitable object and what kind of instruments and what kind of space exploration missions are necessary to detect life. Results from model calculations, field studies and from laboratory studies in planetary simulation facilities will help to elucidate if some of the planets and satellites in our solar system as well as in extra-solar systems are potentially habitable for life.
Astrobiology And Cuatro Ci Negas Basin As An Analog Of Early Earth
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Author : Valeria Souza
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-07-14
Astrobiology And Cuatro Ci Negas Basin As An Analog Of Early Earth written by Valeria Souza and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-14 with Science categories.
Astrobiology not only investigates how early life took hold of our planet but also life on other planets – both in our Solar System and beyond – and their potential for habitability. The book take readers from the scars on planetary surfaces made by space rocks to the history of the Solar System narrated by those space rocks as well as exoplanets in other planetary systems. But the true question is how life arose here or elsewhere. Modern comparative genomics has revealed that Darwin was correct; a set of highly conserved genes and cellular functions indicate that all life is related by common ancestry. The Last Universal Common Ancestor or LUCA sits at the base of the Tree of Life. However, once that life took hold, it started to diversify and form complex microbial communities that are known as microbial mats and stromatolites. Due to their long evolutionary history and abundance on modern Earth, research on the biological, chemical and geological processes of stromatolite formation has provided important insights into the field of astrobiology. Many of these microbialite-containing ecosystems have been used as models for astrobiology, and NASA mission analogs including Shark Bay, Pavilion and Kelly Lakes. Modern microbialites represent natural laboratories to study primordial ecosystems and provide proxies for how life could evolve on other planets. However, few viral metagenomic studies (i.e., viromes) have been conducted in microbialites, which are not only an important part of the community but also mirror its biodiversity. This book focuses on particularly interesting sites such as Andean lake microbialites, a proxy of early life since they are characterized by very high UV light, while Alchichica and Bacalar lakes are characterized by high-salt and oligotrophic waters that nurture stromatolites. However, it is only the oasis of Cuatro Ciénegas Basin in México that stored past life in its marine sediments of the Sierra de San Marcos. This particular Sierra has a magmatic pouch that moves the deep aquifer to the surface in a cycle of sun drenched life and back to the depths of the magmatic life in an ancient cycle that now is broken by the overexploitation of the surface water as well as the deep aquifer in order to irrigate alfalfa in the desert. The anthropocene, the era of human folly, is killing this unique time machine and with it the memory of the planet.
Encyclopedia Of Astrobiology
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Author : Muriel Gargaud
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-27
Encyclopedia Of Astrobiology written by Muriel Gargaud and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-27 with Science categories.
Now in its third edition the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology serves as the key to a common understanding in the extremely interdisciplinary community of astrobiologists. Each new or experienced researcher and graduate student in adjacent fields of astrobiology will appreciate this reference work in the quest to understand the big picture. The carefully selected group of active researchers contributing to this work are aiming to give a comprehensive international perspective on and to accelerate the interdisciplinary advance of astrobiology. The interdisciplinary field of astrobiology constitutes a joint arena where provocative discoveries are coalescing concerning, e.g. the prevalence of exoplanets, the diversity and hardiness of life, and its chances for emergence. Biologists, astrophysicists, (bio)-chemists, geoscientists and space scientists share this exciting mission of revealing the origin and commonality of life in the Universe. With its overview articles and its definitions the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology not only provides a common language and understanding for the members of the different disciplines but also serves for educating a new generation of young astrobiologists who are no longer separated by the jargon of individual scientific disciplines. This new edition offers ~170 new entries. More than half of the existing entries were updated, expanded or supplemented with figures supporting the understanding of the text. Especially in the fields of astrochemistry and terrestrial extremophiles but also in exoplanets and space sciences in general there is a huge body of new results that have been taken into account in this new edition. Because the entries in the Encyclopedia are in alphabetical order without regard for scientific field, this edition includes a section “Astrobiology by Discipline” which lists the entries by scientific field and subfield. This should be particularly helpful to those enquiring about astrobiology, as it illustrates the broad and detailed nature of the field.
Model Ecosystems In Extreme Environments
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-05-29
Model Ecosystems In Extreme Environments written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-29 with Science categories.
Model Ecosystems in Extreme Environments, Second Edition examines ecosystems at the most extreme habitats and their interaction with the environment, providing a key element in our understanding of the role and function of microorganisms in nature. The book highlights current topics in the field, such as biodiversity and the structure of microbial communities in extreme environments, the effects of extreme environmental conditions on microbial ecosystems, and ecological and evolutionary interactions in extreme environments, among other topics. It will be a valuable text for faculty and students working with extremophiles and/or microbial ecology and researchers, including astrobiologists, biologists, evolutionary scientists, astronomers, geochemists and oceanographers. - Explores, in detail, how microbial ecosystems thrive in extreme environments - Highlights the relevance of extremophiles as model ecosystems to the study of microbial ecology - Examines how extreme ecosystems can help our search for life on other planets
Microbiomes Of Extreme Environments
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Author : Ajar Nath Yadav
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-03-21
Microbiomes Of Extreme Environments written by Ajar Nath Yadav and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-21 with Nature categories.
The extreme microbiomes are those microorganisms thriving under extreme conditions where no other living being will have any chance to survive. The extreme habitats are those presenting high temperatures (thermophiles), low temperature (psychrophiles), hypersaline environments (halophiles), low and high pH (Acidophiles/alkaliphiles), high pressure (Piezophiles) are distributed worldwide. The extreme habitats have proved to offer a unique reservoir of genetic diversity and biological source of extremophiles. The extremophilic microbial diversity and their biotechnological potential use in agricultural and industrial applications will be a milestone for future needs. Extremophiles and their cell components, therefore, are expected to play an important role in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical, paper and textile industries as well as environmental biotechnology.
Astrobiology At The Interface Interactions Between Biospheres Geospheres Hydrospheres And Atmospheres Under Planetary Conditions
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Author : Tetyana Milojevic
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-03-23
Astrobiology At The Interface Interactions Between Biospheres Geospheres Hydrospheres And Atmospheres Under Planetary Conditions written by Tetyana Milojevic and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-23 with Science categories.
The Topic Editors would like to acknowledge Dr. Yuko Kawaguchi for her contribution in designing and organizing this editorial project.
Advanced Techniques For Studying Microorganisms In Extreme Environments
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Author : Étienne Yergeau
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-10-21
Advanced Techniques For Studying Microorganisms In Extreme Environments written by Étienne Yergeau and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-21 with Science categories.
This book will highlight advanced techniques that were recently used for studying microorganisms in extreme environments. Recent technological leaps in the study of microorganisms in the environment now make it possible to comprehensively study microbes in the environment. Extreme environments could benefit from the application of these techniques, but many challenges such as low biomass, low activity and slow growth has prevented their wide adoption. This book will review recent application of state-of-the-art techniques in extreme environments, helping researcher and graduate students get a better knowledge of the tools available.
Presentations At The 4th Workshop Of The German Astrobiological Society Dabg On Astrobiology 26 27 September 2019 Vienna Austria
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Author : Tetyana Milojevic
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-04-23
Presentations At The 4th Workshop Of The German Astrobiological Society Dabg On Astrobiology 26 27 September 2019 Vienna Austria written by Tetyana Milojevic and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-23 with Science categories.