Mechanical Loading Of Bones And Joints

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Mechanical Loading Of Bones And Joints

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Author : Hideaki E. Takahashi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Mechanical Loading Of Bones And Joints written by Hideaki E. Takahashi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

Bones and joints are always under mechanical loading a key concept in understanding bone metabolism. Among the most common diseases of bones and joints in the elderly are osteoporosis and joint osteoarthritis. Dynamic changes in mechanical loading give rise to problems resulting in stenosis of the spinal column at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels. Mechanical loading also accelerates joint destruction caused by inflammation from such conditions as chronic rheumatoid arthritis. An understanding of mechanical loading is essential therefore to clinicians, basic researchers, and engineers working with bones and joints. Providing up-to-date research and clinical findings, the contents of this volume are from the papers, symposia, and special lectures presented at the 12th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Meeting of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association in Niigata, in October 1997.

Mechanical Loading Of Bones And Joints

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Author : Hideaki E Takahashi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999-06-01

Mechanical Loading Of Bones And Joints written by Hideaki E Takahashi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-06-01 with categories.

Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Dynamic Loading For Bone Formation

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Author : Todd Randall Dodge
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Dynamic Loading For Bone Formation written by Todd Randall Dodge and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Biomechanics categories.

Bone is a dynamic tissue that is constantly remodeling to repair damage and strengthen regions exposed to loads during everyday activities. However, certain conditions, including long-term unloading of the skeleton, hormonal imbalances, and aging can disrupt the normal bone remodeling cycle and lead to low bone mass and osteoporosis, increasing risk of fracture. While numerous treatments for low bone mass have been devised, dynamic mechanical loading modalities, such as axial loading of long bones and lateral loading of joints, have recently been examined as potential methods of stimulating bone formation. The effectiveness of mechanical loading in strengthening bone is dependent both on the structural and geometric characteristics of the bone and the properties of the applied load. For instance, curvature in the structure of a bone causes bending and increased strain in response to an axial load, which may contribute to increased bone formation. In addition, frequency of the applied load has been determined to impact the degree of new bone formation; however, the mechanism behind this relationship remains unknown. In this thesis, the application of mechanical loading to treat osteoporotic conditions is examined and two questions are addressed: What role does the structural geometry of bone play in the mechanical damping of forces applied during loading? Does mechanical resonance enhance geometric effects, leading to localized areas of elevated bone formation dependent on loading frequency? Curvature in the structure of bone was hypothesized to enhance its damping ability and lead to increased bone formation through bending. In addition, loading at frequencies near the resonant frequencies of bone was predicted to cause increased bone formation, specifically in areas that experienced high principal strains due to localized displacements during resonant vibration. To test the hypothesis, mechanical loading experiments and simulations using finite element (FE) analysis were conducted to characterize the dynamic properties of bone. Results demonstrate that while surrounding joints contribute to the greatest portion of the damping capacity of the lower limb, bone absorbs a significant amount of energy through curvature-driven bending. In addition, results show that enhanced mechanical responses at loading frequencies near the resonant frequencies of bone may lead to increased bone formation in areas that experience the greatest principal strain during vibration. These findings demonstrate the potential therapeutic effects of mechanical loading in preventing costly osteoporotic fractures, and explore characteristics of bone that may lead to optimization of mechanical loading techniques. Further investigation of biomechanical properties of bone may lead to the prescribing of personalized mechanical loading treatments to treat osteoporotic diseases.

Mechanical Loading And Bone

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Author : Jonathan H. Tobias
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-01-20

Mechanical Loading And Bone written by Jonathan H. Tobias and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-20 with Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology categories.

This research topic is focused on recent advances in our understanding of effects of mechanical loading on the skeleton, and research methods used in addressing these. Though it is well established that mechanical loading provides an essential stimulus for skeletal growth and maintenance, there have been major advances recently in terms of our understanding of the molecular pathways involved, which are thought to provide novel drug targets for treating osteoporosis. The articles included in this topic encompass the full spectrum of laboratory and clinical research, and range from review articles, editorials, hypothesis papers and original research articles. Together, they demonstrate how mechanical loading underpins many aspects of bone biology, including the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis and other clinical disorders associated with skeletal fragility.

Skeletal Tissue Mechanics

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Author : R. Bruce Martin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998-10-09

Skeletal Tissue Mechanics written by R. Bruce Martin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-10-09 with Medical categories.

Knowledge of the mechanical properties of the skeletal system is important to understanding how our body works and how to repair it when it is damaged. This text describes the biomechanics of bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments. It does not require mathematics beyond calculus or neglecting the biological properties of skeletal tissue.

Bones

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Author : John D. Currey
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2002

Bones written by John D. Currey and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Medical categories.

"This is a highly readable book with excellent illustrations. It will be required reading for all those interested in the mechanical testing of mineralized tissues or in a biological understanding of bone adaptation to mechanical loading. The author's evaluations of the topics that form the leading edge of bone research are remarkably thoughtful, well reasoned, and nicely documented."--Steve Cowin, City University of New York "Written by a highly respected biologist, this work is unique in that it integrates a comprehensive treatment of skeletal biology at the tissue and organismal levels with principles of evolutionary biology, zoology, and animal locomotion. It is written in a uniquely interesting way that is understandable to both experts and relative novices in the field."--David D. Burr, Indiana University School of Medicine

Musculoskeletal Biomechanics

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Author : Paul Brinckmann
language : en
Publisher: Thieme
Release Date : 2002

Musculoskeletal Biomechanics written by Paul Brinckmann and has been published by Thieme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Medical categories.

Orthopedic Biomechanics sheds light on an important and interesting discipline at the interface between medical and natural sciences. Understanding the effects of mechanical influences on the human body is the first step toward developing innovative treatment and rehabilitation concepts for orthopedic disorders. This book provides valuable information on the forces acting on muscles, tendons, and bones. Beginning with the step-by-step fundamentals of physics and mechanics, it goes on to cover the function and loading of joints, movement in two- and three-dimensions, and the properties of biological tissues. This book explains the practical importance of biomechanics, including special chapters addressing the mechanical causes of disk prolapse, load on the spine in sitting and standing positions, and the correlation between mechanical loading and bone density. Key Features: Limited use of complex vector equations while providing in-depth treatment analysis Exquisitely illustrated, detailed descriptions of the mechanical aspects of every major joint in the body: hip, shoulder, knee, and lumbar spine Extensive references for further information Valuable appendixes describing the interaction between mechanical and biological functions as well as mathematical tools necessary to understand technically demanding concepts This book also analyzes techniques for changing the effects on bones and joints through therapy, training, external aids, modified behavior, and ergonomic improvements. An essential resource for orthopedists and physical therapists alike, it will help you understand past and current scientific work in the field and how to apply state-of-the-art solutions to the problems you'll encounter on a daily basis.

Orthopedic Biomechanics

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Author : Paul Brinckmann
language : en
Publisher: Thieme
Release Date : 2015-08-19

Orthopedic Biomechanics written by Paul Brinckmann and has been published by Thieme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-19 with Medical categories.

Orthopedic Biomechanics sheds light on an important and interesting discipline at the interface between medical and natural sciences. Understanding the effects of mechanical influences on the human body is the first step toward developing innovative treatment and rehabilitation concepts for orthopedic disorders. This book provides valuable information on the forces acting on muscles, tendons, and bones. Beginning with the step-by-step fundamentals of physics and mechanics, it goes on to cover the function and loading of joints, movement in two- and three-dimensions, and the properties of biological tissues. This book explains the practical importance of biomechanics, including special chapters addressing the mechanical causes of disk prolapse, load on the spine in sitting and standing positions, and the correlation between mechanical loading and bone density. Key Features: Limited use of complex vector equations while providing in-depth treatment analysis Exquisitely illustrated, detailed descriptions of the mechanical aspects of every major joint in the body: hip, shoulder, knee, and lumbar spine Extensive references for further information Valuable appendixes describing the interaction between mechanical and biological functions as well as mathematical tools necessary to understand technically demanding concepts This book also analyzes techniques for changing the effects on bones and joints through therapy, training, external aids, modified behavior, and ergonomic improvements. An essential resource for orthopedists and physical therapists alike, it will help you understand past and current scientific work in the field and how to apply state-of-the-art solutions to the problems you'll encounter on a daily basis.

Bone Mechanics

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Author : Stephen C. Cowin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1989

Bone Mechanics written by Stephen C. Cowin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medical categories.

This informative volume summarizes what is known about bone mechanics. It describes the methods used to acquire that knowledge and suggests the nature of future research on this topic. This easy-to-read book keeps mathematical notation simple and minimal and presents data in summary form. Bone Mechanics is concerned with the mechanical behavior and functional stress adaptation of whole bones as structural elements, the mechanical behavior and functional adaptation of bone tissue as material, and the physiological significance of the mechanical properties of bone and the biological response of bone to applied stress. Orthopaedic surgeons, dentists, anatomists, biologists, biomedical engineers and physiologists are among those who will find this volume to be of interest.

Studies On The Anatomy And Function Of Bone And Joints

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Author : F.G. Evans
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Studies On The Anatomy And Function Of Bone And Joints written by F.G. Evans and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

The various chapters of this monograph were originally presented as papers in a Symposium on Joints and Bones which the editor organized for the VIII Inter national Congress of Anatomists held in Wiesbaden, Germany in August 1965. Each chapter represents original research on the structure and/or function of joints and bones. Preparing the manuscripts of these papers for publication required more time than originally anticipated and the editor hereby acknowledges his sincere appre ciation to the various authors for their help and patience. He also wants to express his special thanks to Mrs. ANTOINETTE CATRON, his editorial assistant, without whose help the task would still be unfinished. The interest and assistance of the staff of Springer-Verlag in the publication of this monograph is also greatly appreciated. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. February 1966 F. GAYNOR EVANS Contents Electron Microscopy of Normal Synovial Membrane. D. V. DAVIES, and A. J. PALFREY .............................. 1 Biomechanics and Functional Adaption of Tendons and Joint Ligaments. A. VnDIK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 17 . . . . Dynamic Considerations in Load Bearing Bones with Special Reference to Osteosynthesis and Articular Cartilage. J. M. ZAREK .. . . . . . . . 40 Intravital Measurements of Forces Acting on the Hip-Joint. N. RYDELL. .. 52 The Ergonomic Aspects of Articular Mechanics. M. A. MACCONAILL . . . . 69 A Longitudinal Vital Staining Method for the Study of Apposition in Bone. M. ]. BAER, and]. L. ACKERMAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 . . . An Evaluation of the Use of Bone Histology in Forensic Medicine and Anthro pology. D. H. ENLOW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 . . . .