Mereology
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Mereology A Philosophical Introduction
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Author : Giorgio Lando
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2017-06-29
Mereology A Philosophical Introduction written by Giorgio Lando and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-29 with Philosophy categories.
Parthood and composition are everywhere. The leg of a table is part of the table, the word "Christmas" is part of the sentence "I wish you a merry Christmas", the 13th century is part of the Middle Ages. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg compose Benelux, the body of a deer is composed of a huge number of cells, the Middle Ages are composed of the Early Middle Ages, High Middle Ages, and Late Middle Ages. Is there really a general theory covering every instance of parthood and composition? Is classical mereology this general theory? Are its seemingly counter-intuitive features serious defects? Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction addresses the multifaceted and lively philosophical debates surrounding these questions, and defends the idea that classical mereology is indeed the general and exhaustive theory of parthood and composition in the domain of concrete entities. Several examples of parthood and composition, involving entities of different kinds, are scrutinised in depth. Incidentally, mereology is shown to interact in a surprising way with metaontology. Presenting a well-organized and comprehensive discussion of parthood and related notions, Mereology: A Philosophical Introduction contributes to a better understanding of a subject central to contemporary metaphysics.
Mereology
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Author : A. J. Cotnoir
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-07-22
Mereology written by A. J. Cotnoir and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-22 with Philosophy categories.
Is a whole something more than the sum of its parts? Are there things composed of the same parts? If you divide an object into parts, and divide those parts into smaller parts, will this process ever come to an end? Can something lose parts or gain new ones without ceasing to be the thing it is? Does any multitude of things (including disparate things such as you, this book, and the tail of a cat) compose a whole of some sort? Questions such as these have occupied us for at least as long as philosophy has existed. They define the field that has come to be known as mereology-the study of all relations of part to whole and of part to part within a whole-and have deep and far-reaching ramifications in metaphysics as well as in logic, the foundations of mathematics, the philosophy of language, the philosophy of science, and beyond. In Mereology, A. J. Cotnoir and Achille C. Varzi have compiled decades of advanced research into a comprehensive, up-to-date, and formally rigorous picture. The early chapters cover the more classical aspects of mereology; the rest of the book deals with variants and extensions. Whether you are an established professional philosopher, an interested student, or a newcomer, inside you will find all the tools you need to join this ever-evolving field of inquiry and theorize about all things mereological.
Medieval Mereology
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Author : Desmond Paul Henry
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 1991-01-01
Medieval Mereology written by Desmond Paul Henry and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
Mereology is the theory which deals with parts and wholes in the concrete sense, and this study follows its varied fortunes during the Middle Ages. Preliminary indications as to its metaphysical situation are followed by a brief sketch of Boethius' contribution. Peter Abelard, Gilbert of Poitiers, Clarembald of Arras, and Joscelin of Soissons are among the twelfth-century authors examined. The effect of the subsequent recovery of Aristotle's Metaphysica on Mereology is typified by sketches of the many and varied uses made of the latter by Aquinas. A brief sample of Buridanian treatment is followed by an account of those applications made under the umbrella of thirteenth-century comment on Aristotle's De Sophisticis Elenchis. The curiously original theories of Wyclif are brought to light, as also also samples from Walter Bruleigh, Nicholas of Paris, William of Ockham, and Paul of Venice. Readers interested in such subjects as logic, metaphysics, philosophy, theology, linguistics, pyschology, and their history, will find the work relevant to their studies. No logical symbolism is used in the main body of the book, but some contemporary background is appended so that those who wish to do so may follow it up.
Mereology And Location
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Author : Shieva Kleinschmidt
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-01-09
Mereology And Location written by Shieva Kleinschmidt and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-09 with Philosophy categories.
A team of leading philosophers presents original work on theories of parthood and of location. Topics covered include how we ought to axiomatise our mereology, whether we can reduce mereological relations to identity or to locative relations, whether Mereological Essentialism is true, different ways in which entities persist through space, time, spacetime, and even hypertime, conflicting intuitions we have about space, and what mereology and propositions can tell us about one another. The breadth and accessibility of the papers make this volume an excellent introduction for those not yet working on these topics. Further, the papers contain important contributions to these central areas of metaphysics, and thus are essential reading for anyone working in the field.
Metaphysical Foundations
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Author : Richard Milton Martin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Metaphysical Foundations written by Richard Milton Martin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Philosophy categories.
The philosophical papers collected together in this volume cover a variety of topics centering around the three items of the title. Mereology, the theory of part-whole, appears and reappears throughout as a kind of basso ostinato for much that is said. For its full effect, however, mereology must be combined with various items treated in metalogic or logical semiotics, the modern trivium of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. When pressed for their total philosophic richness, all of these subjects flow over into topics of perennial interest in metaphysics, including even metaphysical theology. It is thought that the treatment here brings these various subjects together in a new light and in an exact way. As a result, they are seen to gain in richness, scope, and depth, and a basis provided for the study of how intimately they "interanimate" each other. Each paper here is a critical and/or constructive adventure of ideas, not necessarily agreeing in all details with every other. Even though they are concerned with a considerable variety of philosophical topics, there is nonetheless a common methodology throughout, namely, the logica utens of first order quantification theory - or its algebraic surrogate - together with the first-order metalogic based on it, which are thought to provide the bedrock of sound philosophical method. This view has been spelled out in considerable detail in the author's previous publications and is further develop here in important ways. "Richard M. Martin's work display a wealth of ideas, proposals, and formal analyses, always on top of the ideal of precision and rigour which were so important to him" Lingua e Stile, 1988 Of interest to: Philosophers, linguists, logicians
Mereology In Medieval Logic And Metaphysics Proceedings Of The 21st European Symposium Of Medieval Logic And Semantics
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Author : F. Amerini
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Mereology In Medieval Logic And Metaphysics Proceedings Of The 21st European Symposium Of Medieval Logic And Semantics written by F. Amerini and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Philosophy categories.
Mereology And The Sciences
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Author : Claudio Calosi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-06-02
Mereology And The Sciences written by Claudio Calosi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-02 with Philosophy categories.
This volume is the first systematic and thorough attempt to investigate the relation and the possible applications of mereology to contemporary science. It gathers contributions from leading scholars in the field and covers a wide range of scientific theories and practices such as physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, computer science and engineering. Throughout the volume, a variety of foundational issues are investigated both from the formal and the empirical point of view. The first section looks at the topic as it applies to physics. The section addresses questions of persistence and composition within quantum and relativistic physics and concludes by scrutinizing the possibility to capture continuity of motion as described by our best physical theories within gunky space times. The second part tackles mathematics and shows how to provide a foundation for point-free geometry of space switching to fuzzy-logic. The relation between mereological sums and set-theoretic suprema is investigated and issues about different mereological perspectives such as classical and natural Mereology are thoroughly discussed. The third section in the volume looks at natural science. Several questions from biology, medicine and chemistry are investigated. From the perspective of biology, there is an attempt to provide axioms for inferring statements about part hood between two biological entities from statements about their spatial relation. From the perspective of chemistry, it is argued that classical mereological frameworks are not adequate to capture the practices of chemistry in that they consider neither temporal nor modal parameters. The final part introduces computer science and engineering. A new formal mereological framework in which an indeterminate relation of part hood is taken as a primitive notion is constructed and then applied to a wide variety of disciplines from robotics to knowledge engineering. A formal framework for discrete mereotopology and its applications is developed and finally, the importance of mereology for the relatively new science of domain engineering is also discussed.
Foundations Of The Theory Of Parthood
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Author : Andrzej Pietruszczak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-21
Foundations Of The Theory Of Parthood written by Andrzej Pietruszczak and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-21 with Philosophy categories.
This is the first book to systematically study the weak systems of mereology. In its chapters, the author critically analyzes and explains core topics related to mereology, such as parthood without antisymmetry, non-existence of the zero element, and Leśniewski's notion of class and set. The book also delves into three theories of parthood: two concern the sum existence axioms, and the third contends with transitivity of parthood. This is the first systematic analysis of systems of mereology of its kind and is suitable for students, scholars, logicians, and mathematicians who wish to further their knowledge of mereology. Original polish publication “Podstawy teorii części” by The Nicolaus Copernicus University Press
Hylomorphism And Mereology
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Author : Gyula Klima
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2019-01-22
Hylomorphism And Mereology written by Gyula Klima and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-22 with Philosophy categories.
Mereology is the metaphysical theory of parts and wholes, including their conditions of identity and persistence through change. Hylomorphism is the metaphysical doctrine according to which all natural substances, including living organisms, consist of matter and form as their essential parts, where the substantial form of living organisms is identified as their soul. The theories date to Plato and Aristotle and figure prominently in the history of philosophy up until the seventeenth century, where their influence wanes relative to a reductive materialism that culminates with deflationary accounts of objects and persons, where mere conglomerates constitute things and we are left to account for mental phenomena in terms of the powers of physical materials. In view of such difficulties, there is a renewed interest in hylomorphism, as its forms structure matter and can account for natural kinds, with their various capacities and powers. This volume presents medieval theories of hylomorphism and mereology, articulating the conceptual framework in which they developed and with an eye on their relevance today.
Logical Semiotics And Mereology
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Author : Richard M. Martin
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 1992
Logical Semiotics And Mereology written by Richard M. Martin and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Literary Criticism categories.
The papers in this volume are concerned with a variety of vitally important topics in philosophical logic, the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of science, and in the application of modern logic to wider philosophical problems. All of them make fundamental use, in one way or another, of logical semiotics, the modern trivium of systematic syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, and some of them, of mereology, the general theory of parts and whole. The book includes 20 articles, dealing with such subjects as 'Logical semiotics and logistic grammar', 'The semiotics of mathematical practice', 'Husserlian parts and wholes', 'Compound individuals and the languages of science', and discusses work of Geach, Lesniewski, Carnap, Peirce, and Quine.
