Metastability And Markov State Models In Molecular Dynamics
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Metastability And Markov State Models In Molecular Dynamics
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Author : Christof Schütte
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2013-12-26
Metastability And Markov State Models In Molecular Dynamics written by Christof Schütte and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-26 with Mathematics categories.
Applications in modern biotechnology and molecular medicine often require simulation of biomolecular systems in atomic representation with immense length and timescales that are far beyond the capacity of computer power currently available. As a consequence, there is an increasing need for reduced models that describe the relevant dynamical properties while at the same time being less complex. In this book the authors exploit the existence of metastable sets for constructing such a reduced molecular dynamics model, the so-called Markov state model (MSM), with good approximation properties on the long timescales. With its many examples and illustrations, this book is addressed to graduate students, mathematicians, and practical computational scientists wanting an overview of the mathematical background for the ever-increasing research activity on how to construct MSMs for very different molecular systems ranging from peptides to proteins, from RNA to DNA, and via molecular sensors to molecular aggregation. This book bridges the gap between mathematical research on molecular dynamics and its practical use for realistic molecular systems by providing readers with tools for performing in-depth analysis of simulation and data-analysis methods. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.
An Introduction To Markov State Models And Their Application To Long Timescale Molecular Simulation
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Author : Gregory R. Bowman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-02
An Introduction To Markov State Models And Their Application To Long Timescale Molecular Simulation written by Gregory R. Bowman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-02 with Science categories.
The aim of this book volume is to explain the importance of Markov state models to molecular simulation, how they work, and how they can be applied to a range of problems. The Markov state model (MSM) approach aims to address two key challenges of molecular simulation: 1) How to reach long timescales using short simulations of detailed molecular models. 2) How to systematically gain insight from the resulting sea of data. MSMs do this by providing a compact representation of the vast conformational space available to biomolecules by decomposing it into states sets of rapidly interconverting conformations and the rates of transitioning between states. This kinetic definition allows one to easily vary the temporal and spatial resolution of an MSM from high-resolution models capable of quantitative agreement with (or prediction of) experiment to low-resolution models that facilitate understanding. Additionally, MSMs facilitate the calculation of quantities that are difficult to obtain from more direct MD analyses, such as the ensemble of transition pathways. This book introduces the mathematical foundations of Markov models, how they can be used to analyze simulations and drive efficient simulations, and some of the insights these models have yielded in a variety of applications of molecular simulation.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
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Author : Giovanni Ciccotti
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2018-10-08
Molecular Dynamics Simulation written by Giovanni Ciccotti and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-08 with Electronic book categories.
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Entropy
Metastability
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Author : Anton Bovier
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-11
Metastability written by Anton Bovier and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-11 with Mathematics categories.
This monograph provides a concise presentation of a mathematical approach to metastability, a wide-spread phenomenon in the dynamics of non-linear systems - physical, chemical, biological or economic - subject to the action of temporal random forces typically referred to as noise, based on potential theory of reversible Markov processes. The authors shed new light on the metastability phenomenon as a sequence of visits of the path of the process to different metastable sets, and focuses on the precise analysis of the respective hitting probabilities and hitting times of these sets. The theory is illustrated with many examples, ranging from finite-state Markov chains, finite-dimensional diffusions and stochastic partial differential equations, via mean-field dynamics with and without disorder, to stochastic spin-flip and particle-hop dynamics and probabilistic cellular automata, unveiling the common universal features of these systems with respect to their metastable behaviour. The monograph will serve both as comprehensive introduction and as reference for graduate students and researchers interested in metastability.
Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics
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Author : Kristof T. Schütt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-03
Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics written by Kristof T. Schütt and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-03 with Science categories.
Designing molecules and materials with desired properties is an important prerequisite for advancing technology in our modern societies. This requires both the ability to calculate accurate microscopic properties, such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles of specific configurations, as well as efficient sampling of potential energy surfaces to obtain corresponding macroscopic properties. Tools that can provide this are accurate first-principles calculations rooted in quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics, respectively. Unfortunately, they come at a high computational cost that prohibits calculations for large systems and long time-scales, thus presenting a severe bottleneck both for searching the vast chemical compound space and the stupendously many dynamical configurations that a molecule can assume. To overcome this challenge, recently there have been increased efforts to accelerate quantum simulations with machine learning (ML). This emerging interdisciplinary community encompasses chemists, material scientists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, joining forces to contribute to the exciting hot topic of progressing machine learning and AI for molecules and materials. The book that has emerged from a series of workshops provides a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. It contains tutorial material explaining the relevant foundations needed in chemistry, physics as well as machine learning to give an easy starting point for interested readers. In addition, a number of research papers defining the current state-of-the-art are included. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary that puts the respective parts into a broader scientific context.
Molecular Kinetics In Condensed Phases
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Author : Ron Elber
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-02-10
Molecular Kinetics In Condensed Phases written by Ron Elber and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-10 with Science categories.
A guide to the theoretical and computational toolkits for the modern study of molecular kinetics in condensed phases Molecular Kinetics in Condensed Phases: Theory, Simulation and Analysis puts the focus on the theory, algorithms, simulations methods and analysis of molecular kinetics in condensed phases. The authors – noted experts on the topic – offer a detailed and thorough description of modern theories and simulation methods to model molecular events. They highlight the rigorous stochastic modelling of molecular processes and the use of mathematical models to reproduce experimental observations, such as rate coefficients, mean first passage times and transition path times. The book’s exploration of simulations examines atomically detailed modelling of molecules in action and the connections of these simulations to theory and experiment. The authors also explore the applications that range from simple intuitive examples of one- and two-dimensional systems to complex solvated macromolecules. This important book: Offers an introduction to the topic that combines theory, simulation and analysis Presents a guide written by authors that are well-known and highly regarded leaders in their fields Contains detailed examples and explanation of how to conduct computer simulations of kinetics. A detailed study of a two-dimensional system and of a solvated peptide are discussed. Discusses modern developments in the field and explains their connection to the more traditional concepts in chemical dynamics Written for students and academic researchers in the fields of chemical kinetics, chemistry, computational statistical mechanics, biophysics and computational biology, Molecular Kinetics in Condensed Phases is the authoritative guide to the theoretical and computational toolkits for the study of molecular kinetics in condensed phases.
Stochastic Dynamics Out Of Equilibrium
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Author : Giambattista Giacomin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-30
Stochastic Dynamics Out Of Equilibrium written by Giambattista Giacomin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-30 with Mathematics categories.
Stemming from the IHP trimester "Stochastic Dynamics Out of Equilibrium", this collection of contributions focuses on aspects of nonequilibrium dynamics and its ongoing developments. It is common practice in statistical mechanics to use models of large interacting assemblies governed by stochastic dynamics. In this context "equilibrium" is understood as stochastically (time) reversible dynamics with respect to a prescribed Gibbs measure. Nonequilibrium dynamics correspond on the other hand to irreversible evolutions, where fluxes appear in physical systems, and steady-state measures are unknown. The trimester, held at the Institut Henri Poincaré (IHP) in Paris from April to July 2017, comprised various events relating to three domains (i) transport in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics; (ii) the design of more efficient simulation methods; (iii) life sciences. It brought together physicists, mathematicians from many domains, computer scientists, as well as researchers working at the interface between biology, physics and mathematics. The present volume is indispensable reading for researchers and Ph.D. students working in such areas.
Stochastic Dynamics In Computational Biology
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Author : Stefanie Winkelmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-01-04
Stochastic Dynamics In Computational Biology written by Stefanie Winkelmann and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-04 with Mathematics categories.
The aim of this book is to provide a well-structured and coherent overview of existing mathematical modeling approaches for biochemical reaction systems, investigating relations between both the conventional models and several types of deterministic-stochastic hybrid model recombinations. Another main objective is to illustrate and compare diverse numerical simulation schemes and their computational effort. Unlike related works, this book presents a broad scope in its applications, from offering a detailed introduction to hybrid approaches for the case of multiple population scales to discussing the setting of time-scale separation resulting from widely varying firing rates of reaction channels. Additionally, it also addresses modeling approaches for non well-mixed reaction-diffusion dynamics, including deterministic and stochastic PDEs and spatiotemporal master equations. Finally, by translating and incorporating complex theory to a level accessible to non-mathematicians, this book effectively bridges the gap between mathematical research in computational biology and its practical use in biological, biochemical, and biomedical systems.
Markov State Models For Protein And Rna Folding
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Author : Gregory Ross Bowman
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2010
Markov State Models For Protein And Rna Folding written by Gregory Ross Bowman and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Understanding the molecular bases of human health could greatly augment our ability to prevent and treat diseases. For example, a deeper understanding of protein folding would serve as a reference point for understanding, preventing, and reversing protein misfolding in diseases like Alzheimer's. Unfortunately, the small size and tremendous flexibility of proteins and other biomolecules make it difficult to simultaneously monitor their thermodynamics and kinetics with sufficient chemical detail. Atomistic Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations can provide a solution to this problem in some cases; however, they are often too short to capture biologically relevant timescales with sufficient statistical accuracy. We have developed a number of methods to address these limitations. In particular, our work on Markov State Models (MSMs) now makes it possible to map out the conformational space of biomolecules by combining many short simulations into a single statistical model. Here we describe our use of MSMs to better understand protein and RNA folding. We chose to focus on these folding problems because of their relevance to misfolding diseases and the fact that any method capable of describing such drastic conformational changes should also be applicable to less dramatic but equally important structural rearrangements like allostery. One of the key insights from our folding simulations is that protein native states are kinetic hubs. That is, the unfolded ensemble is not one rapidly mixing set of conformations. Instead, there are many non-native states that can each interconvert more rapidly with the native state than with one another. In addition to these general observations, we also demonstrate how MSMs can be used to make predictions about the structural and kinetic properties of specific systems. Finally, we explain how MSMs and other enhanced sampling algorithms can be used to drive efficient sampling.
Mathematical Models In Developmental Biology
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Author : Jerome K. Percus
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2015-06-19
Mathematical Models In Developmental Biology written by Jerome K. Percus and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-19 with Developmental biology categories.
The path from relatively unstructured egg to full organism is one of the most fascinating trajectories in the biological sciences. Its complexity calls for a very high level of organization, with an array of subprocesses in constant communication with each other. These notes introduce an interleaved set of mathematical models representative of research in the last few decades, as well as the techniques that have been developed for their solution. Such models offer an effective way of incorporating reliable data in a concise form, provide an approach complementary to the techniques of molecular biology, and help to inform and direct future research. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.