Metrology And Physical Constants
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Metrology And Physical Constants
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Author : A. Di Giuseppe
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2013-10-21
Metrology And Physical Constants written by A. Di Giuseppe and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-21 with Science categories.
The reliability and accuracy of systems of measurement continue to advance. We are about to enter a period of the most stable measurement system we can imagine with the anticipated new definitions of the SI units of measurement; a direct link between fundamental physics and metrology which will eliminate the current definition of the kilogram, until now based upon an artifact. This book presents selected papers from Course 185 of the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012 and jointly organized with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The papers delivered at the school covered some of the most advanced topics in the discipline of metrology, including nano-technologies; quantum information and quantum devices; biology and medicine; food; surface quality; ionising radiation for health, environment, art and archaeology; and climate. The continuous and striking advances in basic research concerning atomic frequency standards operating both in the visible range and at microwave levels and the applications to satellite systems are also considered, in the framework of a historical review of the international organization of metrology, as are the problems inherent in uncertainty statements and definitions. This book will be of interest to all those whose work involves scientific measurement at the highest levels of accuracy.
Quantum Metrology And Fundamental Physical Constants
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Author : A.A. Lucas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Quantum Metrology And Fundamental Physical Constants written by A.A. Lucas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
The object of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was to pre sent a tutorial 'introduction both to the basic physics of recent spectacular advances achieved in the field of metrology and to the determination of fundamental physical constants. When humans began to qualify their description of natural phenomena, metrology, the science of measurement, developed along side geometry and mathematics. However, flam antiquity to modern times, the role of metrology was mostly restricted to the need of commercial, social or scientific transactions of local or at most national scope. Beginning with the Renaissance, and particularly in western Europe during the last century, metrology rapidly developed an international character as a result of growing needs for more accurate measurements and common standards in the emerging indus trial society. Although the concerns of metrology are deeply rooted to fundamental sciences, it was, until recently, perceived by much of the scientific community as mostly custodial in character.
Metrology And Physical Constants
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Author : E. Bava
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Metrology And Physical Constants written by E. Bava and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
Annotation The reliability and accuracy of systems of measurement continue to advance. We are about to enter a period of the most stable measurement system we can imagine with the anticipated new definitions of the SI units of measurement; a direct link between fundamental physics and metrology which will eliminate the current definition of the kilogram, until now based upon an artifact.This book presents selected papers from Course 185 of the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012 and jointly organized with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The papers delivered at the school covered some of the most advanced topics in the discipline of metrology, including nano-technologies; quantum information and quantum devices; biology and medicine; food; surface quality; ionising radiation for health, environment, art and archaeology; and climate. The continuous and striking advances in basic research concerning atomic frequency standards operating both in the visible range and at microwave levels and the applications to satellite systems are also considered, in the framework of a historical review of the international organization of metrology, as are the problems inherent in uncertainty statements and definitions.This book will be of interest to all those whose work involves scientific measurement at the highest levels of accuracy.
The Constants Of Nature
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Author : John D. Barrow
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2010-07-06
The Constants Of Nature written by John D. Barrow and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-06 with Science categories.
The constants of nature are the numbers that define the essence of the Universe. They tell us how strong its forces are, and what its fundamental laws can do: the strength of gravity, of magnetism, the speed of light, and the masses of the smallest particles of matter. They encode the deepest secrets of the Universe and express at once our greatest knowledge and our greatest ignorance about the cosmos. Their existence has taught us the profound truth that Nature abounds with unseen regularities. Yet, while we have become skilled at measuring the values of these constants, our frustrating inability to explain or predict their values shows how much we still have to learn about the inner workings of the Universe. What is the ultimate status of these constants of Nature? Are they truly constant? Could life have evolved and persisted if they were even slightly different? And are there other Universes where they are different? These are some of the issues that this book grapples with. It looks back to the discoveries of the first constants of Nature and the impact they had on scientists like Einstein. This book also tells the story of a tantalising new development in astronomy. For the first time astronomical observations are suggesting that some of the constants of Nature were different when the Universe was younger. So are our laws of Nature slowly changing? Is anything about our Universe immune from the ravages of time? Are there any constants of Nature at all?
Mass Metrology
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Author : S. V. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-26
Mass Metrology written by S. V. Gupta and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the practical aspects of mass measurements. Concepts of gravitational, inertial and conventional mass and details of the variation of acceleration of gravity are described. The Metric Convention and International Prototype Kilogram and BIPM standards are described. The effect of change of gravity on the indication of electronic balances is derived with respect of latitude, altitude and earth topography. The classification of weights by OIML is discussed. Maximum permissible errors in different categories of weights prescribed by national and international organizations are presented. Starting with the necessity of redefining the unit kilogram in terms of physical constants, various methods of defining the kilogram in terms of physical constants are described. The kilogram can be defined by Avogadro’s constant, ion collection of some heavy elements, levitation, voltage and Watt Balance. The detection of very small mass of the order of zeptogram through Nanotechnolgy is also discussed. Latest recommendations of CIPM are given.
Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi"
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2007-10-26
Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-26 with Mathematics categories.
This volume can be justified by the following three facts, the need to provide, from time to time, a co-ordinated set of lectures which present the relevant progress in Metrology, the increasing intertwining between Fundamental Physics and the practice of Metrological Measurements, and, third, the flurry of new and unexpected discoveries in this field, with a correlated series of Nobel Prizes bestowed to individuals working in Fundamental Constants research and novel experimental methods. One of the most fascinating and exciting characteristics of metrology is its intimate relationship between fundamental physics and the leading edge of technology which is needed to perform advanced and challenging experiments and measurements, as well as the determination of the values and interrelations between the Fundamental Constants. In some cases, such as the caesium fountains clocks or the optical frequency standards, the definition of the value of a quantity is, in the laboratory, in the region of 10-16 and experiments are under way to reach 10-18. Many of these results and the avenues leading to further advances are discussed in this volume, along a major step in metrology, expected in the near future, which could change the “old” definition of the kilogram, still based on a mechanical artefact, toward a new definition resting on a fixed value of a fundamental constant.
Recent Advances In Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : Terry J. Quinn
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2001
Recent Advances In Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by Terry J. Quinn and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
Over the last decade of the 20th century, many improvements took place in the field of metrology and fundamental constants. These developments and improvements are discussed in this book. The old caesium SI second definition has found a new realization with the fountain approach, replacing the classical thermal atomic beam. The use of cold atom techniques, slowed down and cooled, has opened a number of unexpected avenues for metrology and fundamental constants, one of these possibilities being the atom interferometry. Another development was the demonstration of the possiblility of performing a direct frequency division in the visible, using short femtosecond pulses. Many other developments are also discussed.
Metrology From Physics Fundamentals To Quality Of Life
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Author : P. Tavella
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2018-01-03
Metrology From Physics Fundamentals To Quality Of Life written by P. Tavella and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-03 with Science categories.
Metrology is a constantly evolving field, and one which has developed in many ways in the last four decades. This book presents the proceedings of the Enrico Fermi Summer School on the topic of Metrology, held in Varenna, Italy, from 26 June to 6 July 2017. This was the 6th Enrico Fermi summer school devoted to metrology, the first having been held in 1976. The 2017 program addressed two major new directions for metrology: the work done in preparation for a possible re-definition of four of the base units of the SI in 2018, and the impact of the application of metrology to issues addressing quality of life – such as global climate change and clinical and food analysis – on science, citizens and society. The lectures were grouped into three modules: metrology for quality of life; fundamentals of metrology; and physical metrology and fundamental constants, and topics covered included food supply and safety; biomarkers; monitoring climate and air quality; new IS units; measurement uncertainty; fundamental constants; electrical metrology; optical frequency standards; and photometry and light metrology. The book provides an overview of the topics and changes relevant to metrology today, and will be of interest to both academics and all those whose work involves any of the various aspects of this field.
Metrology And Fundamental Constants
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Author : A. Ferro Milone
language : en
Publisher: North-Holland
Release Date : 1980
Metrology And Fundamental Constants written by A. Ferro Milone and has been published by North-Holland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Mathematics categories.
Metrology And Theory Of Measurement
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Author : Valery A. Slaev
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-12-02
Metrology And Theory Of Measurement written by Valery A. Slaev and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-02 with Science categories.
Metrology is the science of measurements. As such, it deals with the problem of obtaining knowledge of physical reality through its quantifiable properties. The problems of measurement and of measurement accuracy are central to all natural and technical sciences. Now in its second edition, this monograph conveys the fundamental theory of measurement and provides some algorithms for result testing and validation.