Minimum Deterrence Examining The Evidence
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Minimum Deterrence Examining The Evidence
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Author : Keith B. Payne
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Minimum Deterrence Examining The Evidence written by Keith B. Payne and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with History categories.
The National Institute for Public Policy’s new book, Minimum Deterrence: Examining the Evidence, is the first of its kind. Dr. Keith Payne, former Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger and an unparalleled bipartisan group of senior civilian and military experts critically examine eight basic assumptions of Minimum Deterrence against available evidence. In general, Minimum Deterrence does not fare well under the careful scrutiny. Proponents of a "Minimum Deterrent" US nuclear force posture believe that anywhere from a handful to a few hundred nuclear weapons are adequate to deter reliably and predictably any enemy from attacking the United States now and in the future. Because nuclear weapons are so destructive, their thinking goes, no foreign leader would dare challenge US capabilities. The benefits, advocates claim, of reducing US nuclear weapons to the "minimum" level needed are: better relations with Russia and China, reinforcement of the arms control and Nonproliferation Treaty, billions of defense dollars in savings, and greater international stability on the way to "nuclear zero." As political pressure builds to pursue this vision of minimum US deterrence, Minimum Deterrence: Examining the Evidence stands as the seminal study to address the many claims of great benefit using available evidence. This book was published as a special issue of Comparative Strategy.
Deterrence And The Death Penalty
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2012-05-26
Deterrence And The Death Penalty written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-26 with Law categories.
Many studies during the past few decades have sought to determine whether the death penalty has any deterrent effect on homicide rates. Researchers have reached widely varying, even contradictory, conclusions. Some studies have concluded that the threat of capital punishment deters murders, saving large numbers of lives; other studies have concluded that executions actually increase homicides; still others, that executions have no effect on murder rates. Commentary among researchers, advocates, and policymakers on the scientific validity of the findings has sometimes been acrimonious. Against this backdrop, the National Research Council report Deterrence and the Death Penalty assesses whether the available evidence provides a scientific basis for answering questions of if and how the death penalty affects homicide rates. This new report from the Committee on Law and Justice concludes that research to date on the effect of capital punishment on homicide rates is not useful in determining whether the death penalty increases, decreases, or has no effect on these rates. The key question is whether capital punishment is less or more effective as a deterrent than alternative punishments, such as a life sentence without the possibility of parole. Yet none of the research that has been done accounted for the possible effect of noncapital punishments on homicide rates. The report recommends new avenues of research that may provide broader insight into any deterrent effects from both capital and noncapital punishments.
India S Evolving Deterrent Force Posturing In South Asia
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Author : Zulfqar Khan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-16
India S Evolving Deterrent Force Posturing In South Asia written by Zulfqar Khan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-16 with Political Science categories.
The book discusses India’s evolving deterrent force posturing in South Asia under the conceptual essentials of nuclear revolution when it comes to various combinations of conventional and nuclear forces development and the strategic implications it intentionally or unintentionally poses for the South Asian region. The book talks about how the contemporary restructuring of India’s deterrent force posture affects India’s nuclear strategy, in general, and how this in turn could affect the policies of its adversaries: China and Pakistan, in particular. Authors discuss the motivations of such posturing that broadly covers India’s restructuring of its Nuclear Draft Doctrine (DND), the ballistic missile development program, including that of its Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system, and the possibility of conflicts between China-India and India-Pakistan, given their transforming strategic force postures and their recurring adversarial behavior against each other in the Southern Asian region.
The Consequences Of American Nuclear Disarmament
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Author : Christine M. Leah
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-18
The Consequences Of American Nuclear Disarmament written by Christine M. Leah and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-18 with Political Science categories.
This book is about the future of nuclear weapons, geopolitics, and strategy. It examines the legacy of nuclear weapons on US thinking about some concepts of strategy and geopolitics, namely deterrence, extended deterrence, alliances, and arms control. The purpose of this is to demonstrate just how fundamentally nuclear weapons have influenced American thinking about these concepts. It argues that, given the extent of nuclear weapons' influence on these concepts and the implications for international security, further reductions beyond current Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) levels, and the more absolute idea of nuclear disarmament, may not necessarily be prudent ideas. Nuclear weapons have contributed to the avoidance of major war between states, made alliances more credible and last longer, and have made arms control relatively easier to conceptualize and manage. As such, the author argues, these concepts may become even more difficult to manage in a world where nuclear weapons are marginalized.
Nuclear Deterrence In A Multipolar World
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Author : Stephen J Cimbala
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-07-05
Nuclear Deterrence In A Multipolar World written by Stephen J Cimbala and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Political Science categories.
Strategy And Defence Planning
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Author : Colin S. Gray
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-06-26
Strategy And Defence Planning written by Colin S. Gray and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-26 with Political Science categories.
Strategy and Defence Planning: Meeting the Challenge of Uncertainty explores and examines why and how security communities prepare purposefully for their future defence. The author explains that defence planning is the product of interplay among political process, historical experience, and the logic of strategy. The theory of strategy best reveals both the nature and the working of defence planning. Political 'ends', strategic 'ways', and military 'means' all fed by reigning, if not always recognized, assumptions, organize the subject well with a template that can serve any time, place, and circumstance. The book is designed to help understanding of what can appear to be a forbiddingly complex as well as technical subject. A good part of the problem for officials charged with defence planning duties is expressed in the second part of the book's title. The real difficulty, which rarely is admitted by those tasked with defence planning duty, is that defence planning can only be guesswork. But, because defence preparation is always expensive, not untypically is politically unpopular, yet obviously can be supremely important, claims to knowledge about the truly unknowable persist. In truth, we cannot do defence planning competently, because our ignorance of the future precludes understanding of what our society will be shown by future events to need. The challenge faced by the author was to identify ways in which our problems with the inability to know the future in any detail in advance-the laws of nature, in other words-may best be met and mitigated. Professor Gray argues that our understanding of human nature, of politics, and of strategic history, does allow us to make prudent choices in defence planning that hopefully will prove 'good enough'.
The Logic Of American Nuclear Strategy
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Author : Matthew Kroenig
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-01-25
The Logic Of American Nuclear Strategy written by Matthew Kroenig and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.
For decades, the reigning scholarly wisdom about nuclear weapons policy has been that the United States only needs the ability to absorb an enemy nuclear attack and still be able to respond with a devastating counterattack. So long as the US, or any other nation, retains such an assured retaliation capability, no sane leader would intentionally launch a nuclear attack against it, and nuclear deterrence will hold. According to this theory, possessing more weapons than necessary for a second-strike capability is illogical. This argument is reasonable, but, when compared to the empirical record, it raises an important puzzle. Empirically, we see that the United States has always maintained a nuclear posture that is much more robust than a mere second-strike capability. In The Logic of American Nuclear Strategy, Matthew Kroenig challenges the conventional wisdom and explains why a robust nuclear posture, above and beyond a mere second-strike capability, contributes to a state's national security goals. In fact, when a state has a robust nuclear weapons force, such a capability reduces its expected costs in a war, provides it with bargaining leverage, and ultimately enhances nuclear deterrence. This book provides a novel theoretical explanation for why military nuclear advantages translate into geopolitical advantages. In so doing, it helps resolve one of the most-intractable puzzles in international security studies. Buoyed by an innovative thesis and a vast array of historical and quantitative evidence, The Logic of American Nuclear Strategy will force scholars to reconsider their basic assumptions about the logic of nuclear deterrence.
Strategic Asia 2013 14
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Author : Ashley J. Tellis
language : en
Publisher: NBR
Release Date : 2013-09-25
Strategic Asia 2013 14 written by Ashley J. Tellis and has been published by NBR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-25 with History categories.
The 2013-14 Strategic Asia volume examines the role of nuclear weapons in the grand strategies of key Asian states and assesses the impact of these capabilities—both established and latent—on regional and international stability. In each chapter, a leading expert explores the historical, strategic, and political factors that drive a country's calculations vis-a-vis nuclear weapons and draws implications for American interests.
The Future Of Strategy
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Author : Colin S. Gray
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-02-01
The Future Of Strategy written by Colin S. Gray and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-01 with Political Science categories.
Strategy is not a modern invention. It is an essential andenduring feature of human history that is here to stay. Inthis original essay, Colin S. Gray, world-renowned scholar ofstrategic thought, discusses the meaning of strategy and itsimportance for politicians and the military as a means of achievingdesired outcomes in complex, uncertain conditions. Drawing on a wide range of examples from the Great PeloponnesianWar to the Second World War, Vietnam, and the ongoing conflicts inIraq and Afghanistan, Gray ably shows how great military thinkersof the past and present have acted strategically in their variousideological, political, geographical and cultural contexts. Lookingto the future, he argues that strategy will continue to provide avital tool-kit for survival and security, but that the globalthreat posed by nuclear weapons remains an on-going challengewithout obvious practical solutions. As Gray boldy asserts,there is no promised land ahead, only hard and dangerous times thatwill require us to master the theory and practice of strategy tosecure our own future.
The New Nuclear Disorder
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Author : Stephen J. Cimbala
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-02-17
The New Nuclear Disorder written by Stephen J. Cimbala and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-17 with Political Science categories.
In the twenty-first century, the United States confronts an international system of great complexity and shifting security challenges. Among these challenges are those posed by nuclear weapons. Instead of becoming obsolete or being marginalized by the end of the Cold War and the demise of the Soviet Union, nuclear weapons have become more important to present and future international stability and peace but the relationship is paradoxical. On one hand, the spread of nuclear weapons to additional states with unsettled grievances or hegemonic ambitions threatens to destabilize local balances of power and set off regional arms races. In addition, the possible acquisition by terrorists of nuclear weapons or fissile materials creates a threat that may be ’beyond deterrence’ according to hitherto accepted concepts. On the other hand, nuclear weapons in the hands of other states can contribute to stable deterrence and help to prevent nuclear proliferation to international miscreants. Certain cases loom large in the short run that highlight this book’s relevance, including the possible acquisition and deployment of nuclear weapons by Iran and the continuing tensions created by North Korea’s nuclear arsenal. The Obama ’pivot’ of national security and defense emphasis to Asia reflects not only the growing economic importance of that region, but also the growing number of security dilemmas in a region that is already awash in nuclear forces. The management of nuclear crises and even the possible need to terminate nuclear wars before they expand beyond a single region are among the possible challenges facing future U.S. and allied policy makers and military leaders.