Mitochondria In Pathogenesis
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Mitochondria In Pathogenesis
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Author : John J. Lemasters
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Mitochondria In Pathogenesis written by John J. Lemasters and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Science categories.
Mitochondria are organelles in each cell outside the nucleus and are the energy source of all cells. As such, they are crucial to the healthy functioning of cells. Recent research has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction underlies a broad spectrum of disease, from maternally inherited genetic disorders to metabolism defects, aging, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Lou Gehrig's disease. This book brings together top researchers whose work in examining the pathophysiologic processes will lead to new strategies for prevention and treatment.
Mitochondrial Pathogenesis
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Author : Hong Kyu Lee
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-01-10
Mitochondrial Pathogenesis written by Hong Kyu Lee and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-10 with Science categories.
Mitochondrial Disorders
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Author : Claude Desnuelle
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Mitochondrial Disorders written by Claude Desnuelle and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Medical categories.
The concept of mitochondrial diseases originated in 1962 with the description by Luft and coworkers of a patient with nonthyroidal hypermetabolism due to loose coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in muscle mitochondria. Over the following quarter of a century, thanks to W. King Engel's "ragged-red fibres" as convenient markers for mitochondrial pathology, numerous papers described clinical, morphological, and biochemical features of "mitochondrial myopathies." In 1988 the discovery of mutations in mitochondrial DNA led to an explosive expansion of research into mitochondrial disorders. Throughout the 1990s the rapid identification of multiple mitochondrial gene defects associated with clinically diverse disorders has left practitioners puzzled about diagnosing such heterogeneous and complex syndromes. Through updated data, this book discusses now what Luft aptly called "mitochondrial medicine." In so doing, it considers the pivotal role of mitochondria in drug sensitivity, their key roles in ageing, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration along with primary mitochondrial diseases due to mutations in the nuclear genome, in the mitochondrial genome, or in the cross-talk between the two genomes.
Mitochondrial Metabolism
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Author : Jalal Pourahmad
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-07-28
Mitochondrial Metabolism written by Jalal Pourahmad and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-28 with Science categories.
Mitochondrial Metabolism: An Approach for Disease Management covers mitotherapy from three combined perspectives, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry. After an introduction from world-renowned experts, the book's chapters cover the balancing role in reduction/oxidation mitochondria play, mitochondria as targets for therapeutics through its metabolism, mitochondrial contributions to the cell death process, mitochondrial response to environmental toxicants, the mitochondrial role in aging, the impact of calorie restrictive diets, new advances in the identification of altered mitochondria associated signaling pathways in carcinogenesis, and much more. This book provides bioscientists new horizons to realize the importance of mitochondria in present-day research on therapies dealing with mitochondria associated chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Details the significant role of mitochondria in chronic diseases Presents new insights on the targeting of mitochondria for therapeutic purposes Includes updated results on mitotherapy and other mitochondria-oriented therapies
Mitochondrial Dynamics And Neurodegeneration
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Author : Bingwei Lu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-05-16
Mitochondrial Dynamics And Neurodegeneration written by Bingwei Lu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-16 with Medical categories.
Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells that control such diverse processes as energy metabolism, calcium buffering, and cell death. Recent studies have revealed that changes in mitochondrial morphology by fission and fusion, a process known as mitochondrial dynamics, is particularly important for neuronal function and survival. Defects in this process are commonly found in neurodegenerative diseases, offering a new paradigm for investigating mechanisms of neurodegeneration. To provide researchers working on neurodegenerative diseases and mitochondria with updated information on this rapidly progressing field, we have invited experts in the field to critically review recent progresses and identify future research directions. The topics include genetics of mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics, autophagy, apoptosis, and axonal transport, and its role in neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases.
Mitochondria
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-05-23
Mitochondria written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-23 with Science categories.
This title employs biochemical, cell biological, and genetic approaches to study mitochondrial structure, function, and biogenesis. Also of interest are the consequences of impaired mitochondrial function on cells, tissues, and organs. The book is full of step-by-step "how to" methods with sample results, interpretations, and pitfalls. There is a unique set of appendices that include gene catalogs, mtDNA maps, and reagents for probing respiratory chain function. Finally, there are applications of state-of-the art microarray and gene chip technologies. Isolation of mitochondria from commonly used cells and tissues Assays for mitochondrial activities, including respiration, ATP production, permeability, protein import, and interactions with the cytoskeleton Biochemical and optical methods for studying protein-protein interactions in mitochondria Approaches to studying mitochondrial replication, transcription, and translation Transmitochondrial technologies Methods in microassay data analysis
Mitochondria And Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction In Parkinson S Disease
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Author : Sandeep Kumar Barodia
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-01-23
Mitochondria And Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction In Parkinson S Disease written by Sandeep Kumar Barodia and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-23 with categories.
Several pathogenic mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of substantial nigra (SN) dopamine (DA) neurons. Alterations in calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, cellular proteostasis, axonal transport, mitochondrial function, and neuroinflammation are linked to PD. However, research involving inter-organelle communication and their significance as precise mechanisms underlying neuronal death in PD remain to be elucidated. Evidence showed that perturbations in the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. Alterations in the mitochondria-ER interface have been reported in PARK2 knockout mice and patients harboring PARK2 mutations. Enhanced parkin levels maintain mitochondria-ER cross-talk and assure regulated Ca2+ transfer to sustain cell bioenergetics. Several familial PD-related proteins, including Parkin and PINK1, may lead to modifications in the mitochondria-ER signaling. Interestingly, mitochondria-ER tethering suppresses mitophagy and parkin/PINK1-dependent mechanism regulates the destruction of mitochondria-ER contact sites by catalyzing a rapid burst of Mfn2 phospho-ubiquitination to trigger p97-dependent disassembly of Mfn2 complexes from the outer mitochondrial membrane. Mitofusin-mediated ER stress elicited neurodegeneration in Pink1/Parkin models of PD. α-Synuclein, a presynaptic protein, can bind to the ER-mitochondria tethering protein vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB) to disrupt Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial ATP production. It has been reported that ER stress and mitochondrial cell death pathways might mediate A53T mutant α-synuclein-induced toxicity. Mitochondria-ER signaling mechanism is poorly characterized in neurons and its association in neuronal pathophysiology remains uncertain. The presence of mitochondria-ER contacts in neurons, preferentially at synapses, suggests a potential role in regulating synaptic activity. Alterations in mitochondria-ER associations are expected to be potentially detrimental to neurons, especially to SN DA neurons. Compounds from an unbiased chemical screen reverse both ER-to-Golgi trafficking defects and associated mitochondrial dysfunction in different PD models. In addition, a dibenzoylmethane derivative protects DA neurons against ER stress. Thus, mitochondria-ER signaling may represent a possible upstream drug target as potential therapeutic strategy for PD. In this Research Topic, we bring together knowledge that emphasizes the importance of mitochondria-ER communication and its impact to further dissect the pathogenic mechanisms in PD.
Mitochondria In Health And In Sickness
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Author : Andrea Urbani
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-08-26
Mitochondria In Health And In Sickness written by Andrea Urbani and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-26 with Science categories.
Besides bringing together researchers and clinicians from various disciplines to share their scope of research on the seminal role of mitochondria in human disease, this original volume of the book has a broader appeal by exploring the health and disease of mitochondria, with specific emphasis on how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the development of various neurodegeneration, cancer, and metabolic disorders. The book also provides a foundational overview of the mitochondrial pathogenic or genetic variants and highlights various analytical tools used in the field of mitochondrial genetics; mitochondrial replacement therapy and strategies geared towards shifting heteroplasmy in individuals with mitochondrial disease; how state-of-the-art omics technologies (proteomics, functional genomics) have been employed to study mitochondrial biology in healthy and disease states; post-translational modifications in the regulation of mitochondrial proteins; and the role of mitochondria in host-pathogen interactions. Current approaches taken to study steady-state characteristics of mitochondrial structure and function in live mammalian cells in the contexts of normal and diseased states, and most recent research efforts to develop compounds with anti-cancer potential by targeting mitochondrial proteases or advances in therapeutic approaches towards mitochondrial disease were also explored. By covering this broad range of topics, our hope is to disseminate a wealth of knowledge on the critical role of mitochondria, and how to probe its function in health and in sickness.
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Author : Bernhard Kadenbach
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-06-23
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation written by Bernhard Kadenbach and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-23 with Medical categories.
This book will describe the nuclear encoded genes and their expressed proteins of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Most of these genes occur in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria or archaea. The main function of mitochondria, the synthesis of ATP, is performed at subunits of proton pumps (complexes I, III, IV and V), which are encoded on mitochondrial DNA. The nuclear encoded subunits have mostly a regulatory function. However, the specific physiological functions of the nuclear encoded subunits of complexes I, III, IV, and V are mostly unknown. New data indicates that they are essential for life of higher organisms, which is characterized by an adult life without cell division (postmeiotic stage) in most tissues, after the juvenile growth. For complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) some of these subunits occur in tissue-specific (subunits IV, VIa, VIb, VIIa, VIII), developmental-specific (subunits IV, VIa, and VIIa) as well as species-specific isoforms. Defective genes of some subunits were shown to induce mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial genes and human diseases will also be covered.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : Amy Katherine Reeve
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-11-15
Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Amy Katherine Reeve and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-15 with Medical categories.
As age related diseases increase in prevalence and impact more significantly on medical resources it is imperative to understand these diseases and the mechanisms behind their progression. New research has stimulated a growing interest in mitochondrial involvement in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis and the mechanisms which lead from mitochondrial dysfunction to neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders brings together contributions from leaders in the field internationally on the various ways in which mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of these diseases, guiding the reader through the basic functions of mitochondria and the mechanisms that lead to their dysfunction, to the consequences of this dysfunction on neuronal function before finishing with the modelling of these disorders and discussion of new potential therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders provides an accessible, authoritative guide to this important area for neurologists; research and clinical neuroscientists; neuropathologists; and residents with an interest in clinical research.