Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Stroke
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Stroke
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Author : Feng Yan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-04-25
Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Stroke written by Feng Yan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-25 with Science categories.
In Vivo Study Of The Mitochondrial Dysfunction During Ischemia And The Effect Of Oxidative Stress On Cell Proliferation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
In Vivo Study Of The Mitochondrial Dysfunction During Ischemia And The Effect Of Oxidative Stress On Cell Proliferation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Ion influx and water imbalance are major causes of injury during ischemia. Knowledge of the instantaneous subcellular structural and functional changes occurring in vivo, both during ischemia and immediately after the onset of reperfusion, have not been well characterized, mainly due to the extremely rapid progression of these events. To better understand the mechanisms underlying injury during ischemia in vivo, here, we examine mitochondrial function using the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion model of stroke. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Ym) was examined using two-photon fluorescence imaging of the dye Rhodamine123, as an indicator of mitochondrial function. We demonstrate that mitochondrial permeability transition pore-induced Ym collapse occurs during ischemia concurrently with plasma membrane potential depolarization, and repolarized rapidly during reperfusion. Furthermore, we show that inhibition of Ym collapse with cyclosporine A does not result in any detectable attenuation of dendritic structural damage- ither during the stroke event or 2 hours afterwards. Thus, these data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event during stroke and could contribute to delayed injury at later time points. Oxidative stress is another proposed mechanism of ischemic injury, given that anti-oxidant proteins play a vital role in brain cell survival. To study the chronic effect of elevated oxidative stress in vivo, we examined cell proliferation within neurogenic regions of the brain of adult mice with compromised anti-oxidant defences (Sut mice). Sut mice possess a natural truncation mutation in the gene Slc7a11 resulting in a malfunctional cystine/glutamate exchanger (xCT). Under normal conditions, xCT supply intracellular cyst(e)ine for the production of glutathione, a major cellular anti-oxidant. Using bromodeoxyuridine labelling as an indicator of newborn cells, we found that the rate of subventricular-zone (SVZ) cell proliferation when normalized.
Neuro Mitochondrial Nexus
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Author : Mayur Kale
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2024-02-24
Neuro Mitochondrial Nexus written by Mayur Kale and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-24 with Science categories.
Mitochondria are central to neuronal health, serving as the primary energy producers within cells. This vital role makes them a focal point in understanding various neurological disorders. Across conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, neuroinflammatory disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI), mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as a common thread. In Alzheimer's disease, for instance, dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles, accelerating neurodegeneration. Similarly, in Parkinson's disease, mitochondrial impairment disrupts cellular energy production, exacerbating the loss of dopaminergic neurons and leading to motor dysfunction. ALS, characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons, also exhibits mitochondrial dysfunction, further contributing to the disease pathology. Additionally, in conditions like multiple sclerosis and neuroinflammatory disorders, dysfunctional mitochondria exacerbate inflammation and neuronal damage. The role of mitochondria extends beyond neurodegenerative diseases; in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and intellectual disabilities, disturbances in mitochondrial dynamics impact neuronal connectivity and synaptic function. Furthermore, mitochondrial impairment plays a significant role in acute neurological insults like stroke and TBI, exacerbating neuronal injury and complicating recovery processes. Despite the challenges posed by mitochondrial dysfunction in neurological disorders, there is growing interest in mitochondrial therapeutics as a promising avenue for neuroprotection and disease modification. Investigating the neuroprotective potential of mitochondrial-targeted interventions opens new avenues for therapeutic development and offers hope for mitigating the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction across a spectrum of neurological conditions.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Author : Amy K. Reeve
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-06-08
Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Amy K. Reeve and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-08 with Medical categories.
This second edition brings together up-to-date contributions from leaders in the field internationally on the various ways in which mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. The reader is guided through the basic functions of mitochondria and the mechanisms that lead to their dysfunction, and on to the consequences of this dysfunction for neuronal function before finishing with the modelling of these disorders and discussion of new potential therapeutic targets. Additional chapters have been added to the book to reflect advances in the field and there are many new contributors and topics, including how mitochondria are degraded and the interaction of the mitochondria with pathologically relevant proteins. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders provides an accessible, authoritative guide to this important area for neurologists; research and clinical neuroscientists; neuropathologists; and residents with an interest in clinical research.
Mitochondria In Pathogenesis
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Author : John J. Lemasters
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Mitochondria In Pathogenesis written by John J. Lemasters and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Science categories.
Mitochondria are organelles in each cell outside the nucleus and are the energy source of all cells. As such, they are crucial to the healthy functioning of cells. Recent research has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction underlies a broad spectrum of disease, from maternally inherited genetic disorders to metabolism defects, aging, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Lou Gehrig's disease. This book brings together top researchers whose work in examining the pathophysiologic processes will lead to new strategies for prevention and treatment.
The Functions Disease Related Dysfunctions And Therapeutic Targeting Of Neuronal Mitochondria
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Author : J. Marie Hardwick
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-10-19
The Functions Disease Related Dysfunctions And Therapeutic Targeting Of Neuronal Mitochondria written by J. Marie Hardwick and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-19 with Medical categories.
This book presents advances in the field of neuronal mitochondria – functions, relation to therapeutics, and pharmacology. For scientists and researchers in both industry and academia, this book provides detailed discussion, examples, and approaches, to illustrate the potential of mitochondria as therapeutic targets for neuronal diseases. • Helps readers understand the regulation of mitochondrial cellular processes, such as substrate metabolism, energy production, and programmed versus sporadic cell death • Offers insights on the development of strategies for targeted therapeutic approaches and potential personalized treatments • Includes examples of mitochondrial drugs, development, and mitochondria-targeted approaches for more efficient treatment methods and further developments in the field • Covers the model systems and approaches needed for the development of new drugs for the central nervous system to provide potential modern therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
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Author : Lawrence H. Lash
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.
Uncommon Causes Of Stroke
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Author : Julien Bogousslavsky
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-05-24
Uncommon Causes Of Stroke written by Julien Bogousslavsky and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-24 with Medical categories.
An essential resource for diagnosis and treatment of stroke patients outside the usual clinical categories.
Translational Research In Stroke
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Author : Paul A. Lapchak
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-20
Translational Research In Stroke written by Paul A. Lapchak and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-20 with Medical categories.
This book mainly discusses the current status of stroke transnational research and allows the reader to understand the interplay of common comorbidities in the stroke population such as diabetes and hypertension, and provides insight into stroke targets to promote cell survival, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and most importantly, functional recovery after stroke. Throughout the world, stroke is still a leading cause of mortality and morbidity; each year approximately 15 million people worldwide suffer from stroke. Stroke is now the leading cause of death and disability in China. Large communities of stroke survivors are eagerly awaiting scientific advances in transnational stroke research that would offer neuroprotective therapeutics for acute stroke management, or rehabilitation and regenerative strategies utilizing novel stem cell-based approaches. While research is ongoing, the Editors have compiled this volume to help the further understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and to review and identify future potential biomarkers. The book is written for students, researchers and physicians in neurosciences, neurology and neuroradiology.
Inflammation And Stroke
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Author : Giora Z. Feuerstein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001
Inflammation And Stroke written by Giora Z. Feuerstein and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Medical categories.
New opportunities for stroke prevention and therapeutics: a hope from anti-inflammatory drugs?.- Inflammation in stroke and CNS trauma - experimental and clinical evidence.- Clinical evidence of inflammation as a risk factor in ischemic stroke.- Inflammation as a risk factor for stroke: evidence from experimental models.- Inflammatory and immune responses to CNS injury: beneficial and detrimental components.- Salutary effect of autoimmune T cells after central nervous system injury.- Traumatic brain injury: is head trauma an inflammatory disease?.- Cyclic activation and inactivation of brain vessels involving inflammatory mediators - implications for stroke.- Inflammatory cells in stroke.- Do leukocytes play a role in focal ischemia in the brain? An objective review of the literature.- The role of microglia in ischemic brain injury.- Inflammatory activation of brain cells by hypoxia: transcription factors and signaling pathways.- Inflammatory cytokines, interleukins and chemokines in stroke and CNS trauma.- Cytokine effects on CNS cells: implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of stroke.- Interleukin-10 in cerebral ischemia and stroke.- Chemokines and ischemic stroke.- Biphasic activity of tumor necrosis factor in stroke and brain trauma: interaction with reactive oxygen species.- Interleukin-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in stroke: mechanisms and potential therapeutics.- Inflammatory cytokines in CNS trauma.- Inflammation in cerebral thrombosis, angiogenesis and matrix regulation: a new perspective in stroke research and therapeutics.- Microvessel integrin expression during focal cerebral ischemia.- The inflammatory response in focal cerebral ischemia.- Chronic neuronal perturbation mediated by RAGE, a receptor for ?-sheet fibrils and S100/calgranulins.- Mediators of inflammation and blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral ischemia.- Inflammatory proteases and oxygen radicals in stroke.- The role of metalloproteinases on blood-brain barrier breakdown after ischemic stroke.- Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in hypoxia/reoxygenation and stroke.- Extracellular matrix-degrading metalloproteinases and neuroinflammation in stroke.- Anti-oxidant strategies to treat stroke.- Inflammatory adhesion molecules, kinins, nitric oxide complement factors and lipid mediators in stroke.- Selectin-and complement-mediated mechanisms of tissue injury in stroke.- The kallikrein-kinin system in ischemic and traumatic brain injury.- Nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenase-2 in experimental focal stroke.