Models In Paleobiology
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Models In Paleobiology
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Author : Thomas J. M. Schopf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Models In Paleobiology written by Thomas J. M. Schopf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Science categories.
Testing Character Evolution Models In Phylogenetic Paleobiology
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Author : April Wright
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-08-26
Testing Character Evolution Models In Phylogenetic Paleobiology written by April Wright and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-26 with Science categories.
Macroevolutionary inference has historically been treated as a two-step process, involving the inference of a tree, and then inference of a macroevolutionary model using that tree. Newer models blend the two steps. These methods make more complete use of fossils than the previous generation of Bayesian phylogenetic models. They also involve many more parameters than prior models, including parameters about which empiricists may have little intuition. In this Element, we set forth a framework for fitting complex, hierarchical models. The authors ultimately fit and use a joint tree and diversification model to estimate a dated phylogeny of the Cincta (Echinodermata), a morphologically distinct group of Cambrian echinoderms that lack the fivefold radial symmetry characteristic of extant members of the phylum. Although the phylogeny of cinctans remains poorly supported in places, this Element shows how models of character change and diversification contribute to understanding patterns of phylogenetic relatedness and testing macroevolutionary hypotheses.
Neutral Models In Biology
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Author : Matthew H. Nitecki
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1987-12-31
Neutral Models In Biology written by Matthew H. Nitecki and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-12-31 with Science categories.
Neutral models are constructed to help scientists understand complex patterns of form, structure, or behavior that may not be observed directly. In this unique volume, eight distinguished scientists present a comprehensive study of the use of neutral models in testing biological theories. They describe the principles of model testing and explore how they are applied to research in molecular biology, genetics, ecology, evolution, and paleontology. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Stephen Stigler, David Raup, Paul Harvey, L.B. Slobodkin, Stuart Kauffman, William Wimsatt, and James Crow.
Rereading The Fossil Record
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Author : David Sepkoski
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2012-03-19
Rereading The Fossil Record written by David Sepkoski and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-19 with Science categories.
Rereading the Fossil Record presents the first-ever historical account of the origin, rise, and importance of paleobiology, from the mid-nineteenth century to the late 1980s. Drawing on a wealth of archival material, David Sepkoski shows how the movement was conceived and promoted by a small but influential group of paleontologists and examines the intellectual, disciplinary, and political dynamics involved in the ascendency of paleobiology. By tracing the role of computer technology, large databases, and quantitative analytical methods in the emergence of paleobiology, this book also offers insight into the growing prominence and centrality of data-driven approaches in recent science.
Methods In Paleoecology
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Author : Darin A. Croft
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-10-27
Methods In Paleoecology written by Darin A. Croft and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-27 with Science categories.
This volume focuses on the reconstruction of past ecosystems and provides a comprehensive review of current techniques and their application in exemplar studies. The 18 chapters address a wide variety of topics that span vertebrate paleobiology and paleoecology (body mass, postcranial functional morphology, evolutionary dental morphology, microwear and mesowear, ecomorphology, mammal community structure analysis), contextual paleoenvironmental studies (paleosols and sedimentology, ichnofossils, pollen, phytoliths, plant macrofossils), and special techniques (bone microstructure, biomineral isotopes, inorganic isotopes, 3-D morphometrics, and ecometric modeling). A final chapter discusses how to integrate results of these studies with taphonomic data in order to more accurately characterize an ancient ecosystem. Current investigators, advanced undergraduates, and graduate students interested in the field of paleoecology will find this book immensely useful. The length and structure of the volume also makes it suitable for teaching a college-level course on reconstructing Cenozoic ecosystems.
Modeling Extinction
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Author : Mark E. J. Newman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2003
Modeling Extinction written by Mark E. J. Newman and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with History categories.
In the last decade or so, scientists have started to examine a new approach to the patterns of evolution and extinction in the fossil record. This approach may be called "statistical paleontology," since it looks at large-scale patterns in the record and attempts to understand and model their average statistical features, rather than their detailed structure. This book, developed after a meeting at the Santa Fe Institute on extinction modeling, comments critically on the various modeling approaches.
Quantifying The Evolution Of Early Life
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Author : Marc Laflamme
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-02-28
Quantifying The Evolution Of Early Life written by Marc Laflamme and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-28 with Science categories.
This volume provides a detailed description of a wide range of numerical, statistical or modeling techniques and novel instrumentation separated into individual chapters written by paleontologists with expertise in the given methodology. Each chapter outlines the strengths and limitations of specific numerical or technological approaches, and ultimately applies the chosen method to a real fossil dataset or sample type. A unifying theme throughout the book is the evaluation of fossils during the prologue and epilogue of one of the most exciting events in Earth History: the Cambrian radiation.
Evolutionary Paleobiology
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Author : James W. Valentine
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1996-12-15
Evolutionary Paleobiology written by James W. Valentine and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-12-15 with Science categories.
Representing the state of the art in evolutionary paleobiology, this book provides a much-needed overview of this rapidly changing field. An influx of ideas and techniques both from other areas of biology and from within paleobiology itself have resulted in numerous recent advances, including increased recognition of the relationships between ecological and evolutionary theory, renewed vigor in the study of ecological communities over geologic timescales, increased understanding of biogeographical patterns, and new mathematical approaches to studying the form and structure of plants and animals. Contributors to this volume—a veritable who's who of eminent researchers—present the results of original research and new theoretical developments, and provide directions for future studies. Individually wide ranging, these papers all share a debt to the work of James W. Valentine, one of the founders of modern evolutionary paleobiology. This volume's unified approach to the study of life on earth will be a major contribution to paleobiology, evolution, and ecology.
Phylogenetic Comparative Methods A User S Guide For Paleontologists
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Author : Laura C. Soul
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-05-27
Phylogenetic Comparative Methods A User S Guide For Paleontologists written by Laura C. Soul and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-27 with Science categories.
Recent advances in statistical approaches called phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) have provided paleontologists with a powerful set of analytical tools for investigating evolutionary tempo and mode in fossil lineages. However, attempts to integrate PCMs with fossil data often present workers with practical challenges or unfamiliar literature. This Element presents guides to the theory behind and the application of PCMs with fossil taxa. Based on an empirical dataset of Paleozoic crinoids, example analyses are presented to illustrate common applications of PCMs to fossil data, including investigating patterns of correlated trait evolution and macroevolutionary models of morphological change. The authors emphasize the importance of accounting for sources of uncertainty and discuss how to evaluate model fit and adequacy. Finally, the authors discuss several promising methods for modeling heterogeneous evolutionary dynamics with fossil phylogenies. Integrating phylogeny-based approaches with the fossil record provides a rigorous, quantitative perspective on understanding key patterns in the history of life.
Causes Of Evolution
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Author : Robert M. Ross
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1990-12-18
Causes Of Evolution written by Robert M. Ross and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-12-18 with Science categories.
By studying evolution across geological time, paleontologists gain a perspective that sometimes complements and sometimes conflicts with views based solely on studies of extant species. The contributors to Causes of Evolution consider whether factors exerting major influences on evolution are biotic or abiotic, intrinsic or extrinsic. Causes of Evolution presents a broad sampling of paleontological research programs encompassing vertebrates, invertebrates, and vascular plants; empirical work and theoretical models; organisms ranging in age from Cambrian to Recent; and temporal scales from ecological time to hundreds of millions of years. The diverse array of research styles and opinions presented will acquaint scientists in related fields with the strengths and weaknesses of paleontology as an approach to evolutionary studies and will give evolutionary biologists of every stripe new bases for evaluating the scope and bias of their own work.