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Modularity In Development And Evolution

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Modularity In Development And Evolution

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Author : Gerhard Schlosser
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2004-07

Modularity In Development And Evolution written by Gerhard Schlosser and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07 with Science categories.

Modularity in Development and Evolution offers the first sustained exploration of modules from developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Contributors discuss what modularity is, how it can be identified and modeled, how it originated and evolved, and its biological significance. Covering modules at levels ranging from genes to colonies, the book focuses on their roles not just in structures but also in processes such as gene regulation. Among many exciting findings, the contributors demonstrate how modules can highlight key constraints on evolutionary processes. A timely synthesis of a crucial topic, Modularity in Development and Evolution shows the invaluable insights modules can give into both developmental complexities and their evolutionary origins.

Modularity

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Author : Werner Callebaut
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2005

Modularity written by Werner Callebaut and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Computers categories.

Modularity—the attempt to understand systems as integrations of partially independent and interacting units—is today a dominant theme in the life sciences, cognitive science, and computer science. The concept goes back at least implicitly to the Scientific (or Copernican) Revolution, and can be found behind later theories of phrenology, physiology, and genetics; moreover, art, engineering, and mathematics rely on modular design principles. This collection broadens the scientific discussion of modularity by bringing together experts from a variety of disciplines, including artificial life, cognitive science, economics, evolutionary computation, developmental and evolutionary biology, linguistics, mathematics, morphology, paleontology, physics, theoretical chemistry, philosophy, and the arts. The contributors debate and compare the uses of modularity, discussing the different disciplinary contexts of "modular thinking" in general (including hierarchical organization, near-decomposability, quasi-independence, and recursion) or of more specialized concepts (including character complex, gene family, encapsulation, and mosaic evolution); what modules are, why and how they develop and evolve, and the implication for the research agenda in the disciplines involved; and how to bring about useful cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer on the topic. The book includes a foreword by the late Herbert A. Simon addressing the role of near-decomposability in understanding complex systems. Contributors: Lee Altenberg, Lauren W. Ancel-Meyers, Carl Anderson, Robert B. Brandon, Angela D. Buscalioni, Raffaele Calabretta, Werner Callebaut, Anne De Joan, Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni, Gunther J. Eble, Walter Fontana, Fernand Gobet, Alicia de la Iglesia, Slavik V. Jablan, Luigi Marengo, Daniel W. McShea, Jason Mezey, D. Kimbrough Oller, Domenico Parisi, Corrado Pasquali, Diego Rasskin-Gutman, Gerhard Schlosser, Herbert A. Simon, Roger D. K. Thomas, Marco Valente, Boris M. Velichkovsky, Gunter P. Wagner, Rasmus G. Winter Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology

Modularity In Development And Evolution

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Author : Gerhard Schlosser
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2004-07

Encyclopedia Of Evolutionary Biology

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-04-14

Encyclopedia Of Evolutionary Biology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Science categories.

Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology, Four Volume Set is the definitive go-to reference in the field of evolutionary biology. It provides a fully comprehensive review of the field in an easy to search structure. Under the collective leadership of fifteen distinguished section editors, it is comprised of articles written by leading experts in the field, providing a full review of the current status of each topic. The articles are up-to-date and fully illustrated with in-text references that allow readers to easily access primary literature. While all entries are authoritative and valuable to those with advanced understanding of evolutionary biology, they are also intended to be accessible to both advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Broad topics include the history of evolutionary biology, population genetics, quantitative genetics; speciation, life history evolution, evolution of sex and mating systems, evolutionary biogeography, evolutionary developmental biology, molecular and genome evolution, coevolution, phylogenetic methods, microbial evolution, diversification of plants and fungi, diversification of animals, and applied evolution. Presents fully comprehensive content, allowing easy access to fundamental information and links to primary research Contains concise articles by leading experts in the field that ensures current coverage of each topic Provides ancillary learning tools like tables, illustrations, and multimedia features to assist with the comprehension process

How Can Development And Plasticity Contribute To Understanding Evolution Of The Human Brain

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Author : Roberto Lent
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-07-19

How Can Development And Plasticity Contribute To Understanding Evolution Of The Human Brain written by Roberto Lent and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-19 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.

Humans usually attribute themselves the prerogative of being the pinnacle of evolution. They have large brains with many billion neurons and glial cells, trillions of synapses and besides all, a plastic hardware that may change either subtly or strongly in response to the external environment and internal, mental commands. With this hypercomplex apparatus, they are capable of very sophisticated inward computations and outward behaviors that include self-recognition, metacognition, different forms of language expression and reception, prediction of future events, planning and performing long streams of motor acts, subtle emotional feelings, and many other surprising, almost unbelievable properties. The main challenge for research is: how do we explain this gigantic achievement of evolution? Is it a direct consequence of having acquired a brain larger than our primate ancestors, with huge numbers of computational units? Would it be determined by a particular way these units came to relate to each other, building up logic circuits of powerful capacities? What along development has “made the difference” for the construction of such a complex brain machine? How much of this complexity is innate, how much is sculpted by influence of the external world, by social interaction with our human fellows, and by the history of our own mental trajectory along life? Many specific questions can be asked (albeit not necessarily answered so far) to this purpose: (1) which genomic characteristics make us unique among primates? (2) which of developmental events during and beyond embryogenesis define our brain – prolonged neurogenesis? permanent circuit (re)formation? dynamic synaptogenesis? regressive sculpting of the hardware? all of them? (3) is there anything special about plasticity of the human brain that allows us to build the exquisite individual variability characteristic of our brains? Neuroscience is in need of a synthesis. Perhaps associating concepts derived from developmental neurobiology with evolutionary morphology and physiology, together with those that photograph the human brain in action under influence of the external world, would turn on a light at the end of the tunnel, and we would be able to understand what humans do have that is special – if anything – to explain our success in the Earth.

Evolutionary Developmental Biology

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-02-16

Evolutionary Developmental Biology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-16 with Science categories.

Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Volume 141 focuses on recent research in evolutionary developmental biology, the science studying how changes in development cause the variations that natural selection operate on. Several new hypotheses and models are presented in this volume, and these concern how homology may be properly delineated, how neural crest and placode cells emerged and how they formed the skull and jaw, and how plasticity and developmental symbiosis enable normal development to be regulated by environmental factors. - New models for homology - New hypotheses for the generation of chordates - New models for the roles of plasticity and symbionts in normal development

Towards A Theory Of Development

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Author : Alessandro Minelli
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-05-01

Towards A Theory Of Development written by Alessandro Minelli and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-01 with Science categories.

Is it possible to explain and predict the development of living things? What is development? Articulate answers to these seemingly innocuous questions are far from straightforward. To date, no systematic, targeted effort has been made to construct a unifying theory of development. This novel work offers a unique exploration of the foundations of ontogeny by asking how the development of living things should be understood. It explores the key concepts of developmental biology, asks whether general principles of development can be discovered, and examines the role of models and theories. The two editors (one a biologist with long interest in the theoretical aspects of his discipline, the other a philosopher of science who has mainly worked on biological systems) have assembled a team of leading contributors who are representative of the scientific and philosophical community within which a diversity of thoughts are growing, and out of which a theory of development may eventually emerge. They analyse a wealth of approaches to concepts, models and theories of development, such as gene regulatory networks, accounts based on systems biology and on physics of soft matter, the different articulations of evolution and development, symbiont-induced development, as well as the widely discussed concepts of positional information and morphogenetic field, the idea of a 'programme' of development and its critiques, and the long-standing opposition between preformationist and epigenetic conceptions of development. Towards a Theory of Development is primarily aimed at students and researchers in the fields of 'evo-devo', developmental biology, theoretical biology, systems biology, biophysics, and the philosophy of science.

Modularity In Motor Control From Muscle Synergies To Cognitive Action Representation

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Author : Andrea d'Avella
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-04-21

Modularity In Motor Control From Muscle Synergies To Cognitive Action Representation written by Andrea d'Avella and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-21 with Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry categories.

Mastering a rich repertoire of motor behaviors, as humans and other animals do, is a surprising and still poorly understood outcome of evolution, development, and learning. Many degrees-of-freedom, non-linear dynamics, and sensory delays provide formidable challenges for controlling even simple actions. Modularity as a functional element, both structural and computational, of a control architecture might be the key organizational principle that the central nervous system employs for achieving versatility and adaptability in motor control. Recent investigations of muscle synergies, motor primitives, compositionality, basic action concepts, and related work in machine learning have contributed to advance, at different levels, our understanding of the modular architecture underlying rich motor behaviors. However, the existence and nature of the modules in the control architecture is far from settled. For instance, regularity and low-dimensionality in the motor output are often taken as an indication of modularity but could they simply be a byproduct of optimization and task constraints? Moreover, what are the relationships between modules at different levels, such as muscle synergies, kinematic invariants, and basic action concepts? One important reason for the new interest in understanding modularity in motor control from different viewpoints is the impressive development in cognitive robotics. In comparison to animals and humans, the motor skills of today’s best robots are limited and inflexible. However, robot technology is maturing to the point at which it can start approximating a reasonable spectrum of isolated perceptual, cognitive, and motor capabilities. These advances allow researchers to explore how these motor, sensory and cognitive functions might be integrated into meaningful architectures and to test their functional limits. Such systems provide a new test bed to explore different concepts of modularity and to address the interaction between motor and cognitive processes experimentally. Thus, the goal of this Research Topic is to review, compare, and debate theoretical and experimental investigations of the modular organization of the motor control system at different levels. By bringing together researchers seeking to understand the building blocks for coordinating many muscles, for planning endpoint and joint trajectories, and for representing motor and behavioral actions in memory we aim at promoting new interactions between often disconnected research areas and approaches and at providing a broad perspective on the idea of modularity in motor control. We welcome original research, methodological, theoretical, review, and perspective contributions from behavioral, system, and computational motor neuroscience research, cognitive psychology, and cognitive robotics.

Insights In Systems Biology Research

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Author : Gary An
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2025-06-10

Insights In Systems Biology Research written by Gary An and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-10 with Science categories.

Summary of Topic: This collection represents an interdisciplinary exploration of systems biology and systems medicine, integrating advanced methodologies from computational modeling, deep neural networks, and multiomics to improve understanding and treatment of human diseases and biological mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on cutting-edge technologies, including deep learning for statistical inference from gene expression data and noncoding genetic variants, quantitative systems pharmacology for virtual patient generation, and semi-mechanistic modeling applied to novel therapies such as CAR T-cell interventions. The articles further highlight disease modeling across various scales, exemplified through multi-scale simulation frameworks applied to complex conditions such as COVID-19 long-term sequelae, rheumatoid arthritis, epilepsy, and tuberculosis. Additionally, the importance of modularity in biological networks, developments in functional annotation of microbial transporters, and new approaches towards bioengineered bacterial consortia through molecular communication are discussed. This collection informs us of the ongoing efforts to harness computational power and biological insights to advance personalized medicine, improve therapeutic strategies, and deepen our understanding of complex biological phenomena. ----- Systems Biology has undergone significant transformations due to the pioneering efforts of researchers worldwide. The discipline now spans several subfields, such as Neuroscience, Genetics and Genomics, Medicine, among others, each advancing the field in unique ways through innovative technologies and insightful discoveries. This evolution is celebrated in a curated collection by Frontiers in Systems Biology, which aims to highlight the state-of-the-art developments and set the stage for future inquiries and applications in the field. This collection actively showcases the overlap of technology with theoretical advancements, creating a broad framework from which new methodologies and strategies are born. This Research Topic aims to provide an overview of the most recent progress in Systems Biology. It seeks to outline the impacts that the integration of disparate biological research areas can have in solving complex biological problems and advancing human health. Without losing sight of the past achievements, the goal is to explore the potential of future advancements, addressing the challenges that remain at the forefront of this vibrant field. The scope of this Research Topic is broadly defined yet focused on areas where significant innovative strides have been made. We welcome contributions that emphasize: - Integrative approaches in Systems Neuroscience - Contemporary breakthroughs in Genetics and Genomics - The use of Multiscale Mechanistic Modelling to represent biological interfaces - Bridging gaps between experimental and computational biology in Translational Systems Biology - Enhancing methodologies in Data and Model Integration This collection welcomes contributions from Editorial Board Members or those referred by a board member, reflecting on current developments and plotting pathways for upcoming research endeavors. Authors are encouraged to engage critically with their fields, identifying current challenges and proposing novel solutions to advance the understanding of complex systems within biology.

Multicellularity

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Author : Karl J. Niklas
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-02-12

Multicellularity written by Karl J. Niklas and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-12 with Science categories.

Scholars consider the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of organisms, experimental protocols, theoretical concepts, and philosophical issues. The evolution of multicellularity raises questions regarding genomic and developmental commonalities and discordances, selective advantages and disadvantages, physical determinants of development, and the origins of morphological novelties. It also represents a change in the definition of individuality, because a new organism emerges from interactions among single cells. This volume considers these and other questions, with contributions that explore the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of topics, organisms, and experimental protocols. Each section focuses on selected topics or particular lineages that present a significant insight or challenge. The contributors consider the fossil record of the paleontological circumstances in which animal multicellularity evolved; cooptation, recurrent patterns, modularity, and plausible pathways for multicellular evolution in plants; theoretical approaches to the amoebozoa and fungi (cellular slime molds having long provided a robust model system for exploring the evolution of multicellularity), plants, and animals; genomic toolkits of metazoan multicellularity; and philosophical aspects of the meaning of individuality in light of multicellular evolution. Contributors Maja Adamska, Argyris Arnellos, Juan A. Arias, Eugenio Azpeitia, Mariana Benítez, Adriano Bonforti, John Tyler Bonner, Peter L. Conlin, A. Keith Dunker, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Ana E. Escalante, Valeria Hernández-Hernández, Kunihiko Kaneko, Andrew H. Knoll, Stephan G. König, Daniel J. G. Lahr, Ottoline Leyser, Alan C. Love, Raul Montañez, Emilio Mora van Cauwelaert, Alvaro Moreno, Vidyanand Nanjundiah, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Stuart A. Newman, Karl J. Niklas, William C. Ratcliff, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo, Ricard Solé

Modularity In Development And Evolution

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