Moisture Distribution Efficiency And Performance Evaluations Of Bioreactor Landfill Operations
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Moisture Distribution Efficiency And Performance Evaluations Of Bioreactor Landfill Operations
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Author : Md Zahangir Alam
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Moisture Distribution Efficiency And Performance Evaluations Of Bioreactor Landfill Operations written by Md Zahangir Alam and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Bioreactor landfills categories.
Bioreactor landfills are operated in a modern engineered way to accelerate waste decomposition, gas production, and waste stabilization. The major aspect of a bioreactor landfill operation is associated with the addition of supplemental liquid or leachate recirculation, and the effective operation primarily depends on efficient moisture distribution throughout the waste mass, which enhances performance. The performance of an effective landfill operation can be assessed by several indicators, i.e., leachate generation, gas production, and landfill settlement. Bioreactor landfill operations have several significant economic and environmental advantages, but the impact of efficient moisture distribution and the assessment of performance through combined indicators is not well established. Hence, explaining and quantifying such impact on performance monitoring is essential to understanding an effective operation. The overall objective of this research was to monitor moisture distribution, due to leachate recirculation, throughout the landfill and to evaluate the performance of landfill operations. Leachate recirculation was performed through horizontal recirculation pipes and vertical injection wells. The City of Denton Landfill, in Denton, Texas, USA was selected as the site for the field investigations. A field program was conducted, using the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) technique to determine moisture variations with time (one day, one week, two weeks) due to leachate recirculation through the horizontal and vertical recirculation systems. The data of field performance indicators, i.e., leachate generation, gas production, and landfill settlement, was collected from the landfill authority and analyzed to observe the bioreactor performance. Field leachate generation was compared with the Visual HELP model results to correlate it with the gas generation. The combined effect of indicators was analyzed to evaluate landfill performance. The research provides data on the significant factors of successful bioreactor landfill operations: the application frequency of leachate, and moisture distribution efficiency due to leachate recirculation through vertical injection wells. The research develops an understanding the effect of indicators and the assessment of landfill performance through evaluating the essence of individuals and combined indicators. Scheduling the leachate recirculation is one of the most vital actions required for distributing the moisture in the underlying waste. A comprehensive understanding of moisture variations in a bioreactor landfill, by reason of circulating leachate, is important for determining the frequency of leachate recirculation. The estimated moisture content for the baseline study was 31.5% before the next cycle of leachate recirculation to the adjacent recirculation pipe. However, the moisture content after 1 day, 7 days and 14 days after leachate recirculation was found 49.52%, 40.48%, and 31.74%, respectively. Several recirculation systems are currently being used at different locations across the world; however, vertical injection wells are the specific objects of interest in leachate recirculation due to their potential advantages over other available systems. Based on the results of the studies pertaining to vertical wells, the initial moisture content ranged from 31.5% to 36.5% before liquid was added through the vertical wells. The moisture content observed rose from 49.5% to 64.6% within one day after the leachate injection; however, it decreased one week after leachate injection, ranging from 40.12% to 47.03%. Two weeks after leachate injection, the moisture content ranged from 31.75% to 38.6%. The performance of bioreactor landfills can be monitored by several indicators, i.e., moisture distribution, leachate generation, gas production, water balance, and landfill settlement. Combining the different parameters to assess the performance of a bioreactor landfill has not been widely investigated. The results from the water balance simulation model, Visual HELP, show that the actual leachate generation in the field is approximately 55% lower than the HELP model results. The reason that the leachate return from the landfill is lower might be that the added water/leachate is being partially used for gas production. Hence, an increase in gas generation was observed, increasing from 543.6 m3/h (320 scfm) in 2010-2011 to 1087.3 m3/h (640 scfm) in 2014-2015. Moreover, in some locations of the landfill cells, from 2014 to 2015, an approximate total of 1.45 m (4.8 ft.) of maximum settlement was found in the landfill.
Site Investigation Using Resistivity Imaging
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Author : Sahadat Hossain
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-08-06
Site Investigation Using Resistivity Imaging written by Sahadat Hossain and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-06 with Science categories.
Subsurface investigation is the most important phase of any civil engineering construction or development activities. The geologic conditions can be extremely complex, variable, and subject to change with time; soil test borings and in-situ tests are employed to obtain subsoil information. Resistivity Imaging (RI) is a non-destructive, fast and cost-effective method of site investigation and soil characterization. Site Investigation using Resistivity Imaging aims to summarize pertinent details of RI in site investigation for geotechnical and geo-environmental applications. It aims to bridge the gap that currently exists between the geotechnical/geo-environmental and geophysical engineering community. The geotechnical and geo-environmental engineers will be able to use annd understand geophysical data and utilize the information for their design. Features: First comprehensive handbook aimed at engineers that summarises pertinent details of Resitivity Imaging (RI) in site investigation for geotechnical and geo-environmental applications. for geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineers, making it possible to interpret geophysical data and utilize the information for their design. explanining the advantages of RI over conventional site investigations: continuous image, large coverage, low cost, quick and easy data processing. It will be a comprehensive handbook for the application of RI in geotechnical and geo-environmental site investigations.
Biofuels Handbook
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Author : James G Speight
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-10-09
Biofuels Handbook written by James G Speight and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-09 with Science categories.
Petroleum-based fuels are well-established products that have served industry and consumers for more than one hundred years. However petroleum, once considered inexhaustible, is now being depleted at a rapid rate. As the amount of available petroleum decreases, the need for alternative technologies to produce liquid fuels that could potentially help prolong the liquid fuels culture and mitigate the forthcoming effects of the shortage of transportation fuels is being sought. The dynamics are now coming into place for the establishment of a synthetic fuels industry; the processes for recovery of raw materials and processing options have to change to increase the efficiency of oil production and it is up to various levels of government not only to promote the establishment of such an industry but to recognise the need for available and variable technology. This timely handbook is written to assist the reader in understanding the options that available for the production of synthetic fuel from biological sources. Each chapter contains tables of the chemical and physical properties of the fuels and fuel sources. It is essential that the properties of such materials be presented in order to assist the researcher to understand the nature of the feedstocks as well as the nature of the products. If a product cannot be employed for its hope-for-use, it is not a desirable product and must be changed accordingly. Such plans can only be made when the properties of the original product are understood. The fuels considered include conventional and unconventional fuel sources; the production and properties of fuels from biomass, crops, wood, domestic and industrial waste and landfill gas.
Geotechnical Engineering Challenges To Meet Current And Emerging Needs Of Society
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Author : Nuno Guerra
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-09-17
Geotechnical Engineering Challenges To Meet Current And Emerging Needs Of Society written by Nuno Guerra and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
‘Geotechnical Engineering Challenges to Meet Current and Emerging Needs of Society’ includes the papers presented at the XVIII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (Lisbon, Portugal, August 26 to 30th, 2024). The papers aim to contribute to a better understanding of problems and solutions of geotechnical nature, as well as to a more adequate management of natural resources. Case studies are included to better disseminate the success and failure of Geotechnical Engineering practice. The peer-reviewed articles of these proceedings address the six main topics: New developments on structural design Geohazards Risk analysis and safety evaluation Current and new construction methods Environment, water, and energy Future city world vision With contributions from academic researchers and industry practitioners from Europe and abroad, this collection of conference articles features an interesting and wide-ranging combination of innovation, emerging technologies and case histories, and will be of interest to academics and professionals in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.
Landfill Bioreactor Design Operation
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Author : Debra R. Reinhart
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-12-19
Landfill Bioreactor Design Operation written by Debra R. Reinhart and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-19 with Science categories.
Using biotechnology to help control landfill processes can mitigate costs, shorten the time needed to process solid waste, and ease the typical ecological damage to the land being used. This first-of-its-kind book provides regulators, designers, landfill owners, and operators with information that supports the utility of landfill bioreactors and provides design and operating criteria essential for the successful application of this technology. It pulls together laboratory, pilot, and full-scale experiences into one concise guide to designing and running municipal landfills as bioreactors. Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation covers the history and background of landfill technology, research studies of actual bioreactor landfills, expected leachate and gas yields, specific design criteria, operation guidelines, and reuse of landfill sites to avoid having to establish new sites. For anyone looking for an alternative to large, wasteful landfill sites, this book provides a practical alternative to the problem.
Sustainable Practices For Landfill Design And Operation
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Author : Timothy G. Townsend
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-16
Sustainable Practices For Landfill Design And Operation written by Timothy G. Townsend and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-16 with Science categories.
Solid waste management is a global concern, and landfilling remains the predominant management method in most areas of the world. This book provides a comprehensive view of state-of-the-art methods to manage landfills more sustainably, drawing upon more than two decades of research, design, and operational experiences at operating sites across the world. Sustainable landfills implement one or multiple technologies to control and enhance the degradation of waste materials to realize a multitude of potential benefits during or shortly after the landfill’s operating phase. This book presents detailed approaches in the development, design, operation, and monitoring of sustainable landfills. Case studies showcasing the benefits and challenges of sustainable landfill technologies are also provided to give the reader additional context. The intent of the book is to serve as a reference guide for regulatory personnel, a practical tool for designers and engineers to build on for site-specific applications of sustainable landfill technologies, and a comprehensive resource for researchers who are continuing to explore new and better ways to more sustainably manage waste materials.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Medicine categories.
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Federal Register
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001-08
Federal Register written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08 with Administrative law categories.
Geotechnical And Environmental Aspects Of Waste Disposal Sites
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Author : R.W. Sarsby
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-11-16
Geotechnical And Environmental Aspects Of Waste Disposal Sites written by R.W. Sarsby and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-16 with Science categories.
Despite the importance of preserving the environment in our developing world, activity involving the extraction of natural resources and the disposal of waste continues to increase. Such operations need to be conducted in a carefully-controlled manner, protecting both the natural environment and the communities who live in the vicinity. Every four years the GREEN (Geotechnics Related to the Environment) symposia are held, recognizing the major contribution that geotechnical engineering makes towards achieving the afore-mentioned goals. The meeting provides an international forum for the exchange of ideas, experiences and innovations. The GREEN 4 meeting discussed engineered disposal of waste in landfills; land contaminated by waste disposal and fluid flows; industrial waste dumps from mineral mining and extraction; and environmental management. The book contains expertise from nineteen countries around the world, and provides an integrated view of the latest research and practice in waste disposal. New and evolving ideas, ongoing concerns and developments throughout the world are discussed.