Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges
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Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges
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Author : Beatrice E. Hunt
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2009
Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges written by Beatrice E. Hunt and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Religion categories.
Developing A Bridge Scour Warning System
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Author : C. Bryan Young
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Developing A Bridge Scour Warning System written by C. Bryan Young and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Flooding and scour can be major threats to the integrity of bridges. During flood events, scour at bridge piers and abutments can undermine the foundations of the bridge, causing significant damage or even total structure loss. Because scour occurs below the water level during a large flood event, it can be difficult to detect and may go unnoticed unless a targeted inspection is performed. The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) is required by federal mandate to establish and maintain a bridge scour plan of action for all scour-critical bridges in the state. A plan of action can include the implementation of scour countermeasures to protect and stabilize a bridge and/or scour monitoring. Bridge scour monitoring presents multiple challenges for bridge owners, including state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). This research project surveyed in situ and ex situ monitoring options with particular attention on warning system options in the public domain. In situ monitoring can include portable and/or fixed devices for detecting bridge scour. Ex situ monitoring implies a statewide system that issues scour alerts to trigger bridge closures and/or inspections based on hydrologic conditions (rainfall and/or streamflow). A systematic statewide system would be preferable for monitoring scour-capable events at bridges across the state. KDOT could leverage existing United States Geological Survey (USGS) and National Weather Service (NWS) tools to monitor scour-critical bridges or pursue a vendor to offer a turn-key solution. For critical locations, additional measures could be implemented at specific sites to offer more information or a higher level of monitoring.
Field Monitoring Of Scour Critical Bridges
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Author : Xiong Yu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Field Monitoring Of Scour Critical Bridges written by Xiong Yu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Detectors categories.
Scour is a major threat to the safety of bridges. Instruments for the measurement and monitoring of bridge scour are necessary to study scour processes and to support bridge management. The lack of robust and economical scour monitoring devices prevents the implementation of a bridge scour monitoring program among bridge owners. This project explores the design and analyses of scour sensors using principles of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The performance of a scour probe was first tested in laboratory simulated scour experiments. Three different signal analyses methods were developed to obtain the scour depth from TDR signals. Besides scour depth, additional information related to scour assessment, i.e. sediment density and electrical conductivity of water, were also determined from TDR signals. The sensing principles and analysis algorithms were validated from simulated scour tests under various conditions which are expected to be encountered in the field. The field conditions considered included: variation of sediment types, water conductivity, turbidity, air entrapment, and water elevation. These further validated the robustness of the scour sensing principles. Upon validation, a field worthy sensor was designed. The sampling area and effective measured dielectric constant were determined using a finite element analysis method. Evaluation of the sensor indicated that it was able to successfully monitor the scour processes (scour and refill) in real-time with high accuracy. Six TDR bridge scour sensors were installed at BUT-122-0606 bridge on SR 122 over the Great Miami River in Butler County, with assistance of project partners GRL Engineers Inc., and J&L Laboratories. Automatic monitoring units were installed to automatically take scour sensor signals and wirelessly transmit the sensor data. The sensors were installed using routine geotechnical site investigation tools and procedures. High quality signals were obtained, from which the development of scour adjacent to bridge piers was measured. The results are reasonable. The pilot study points to the promise of this new technology for long term bridge scour monitoring purposes. Continued evaluation and refinement of this new scour monitoring sensor system is highly recommended.
Scour Monitoring Technology Implementation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Scour Monitoring Technology Implementation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Bridges categories.
Bridge scour is the removal of sediment around bridge foundations and can result in the failure of the bridge. Scour monitoring is performed to identify unacceptable scour on bridges considered to be scour critical and determine when scour reaches elevations that could cause potential bridge failure. Two types of monitoring are available: portable monitoring and fixed monitoring. Prior to this project, MnDOT was only using portable monitoring devices, which requires the deployment of personnel to make physical measurements of scour depths. For some scour critical bridges, especially during high-water events, fixed instrumentation capable of continuous scour monitoring was preferred, but MnDOT lacked the experience or expertise to install this type of equipment. This project installed fixed monitoring equipment at two bridge sites and monitored them for three years to determine the effectiveness and reliability of fixed scour monitoring deployments. Several device options were installed to allow MnDOT to analyze the installation and performance of different types of sensors. Both systems operated for the three years with some outages due to various causes but overall performance was acceptable. The outages were mostly related to power issues and communication issues. Valuable lessons were learned through the deployment, which may be applied to future installations. The deployment executed in this project has provided the confidence to deploy other fixed scour monitoring equipment at key bridges around the state of Minnesota. In addition, the data collected during deployment of the scour monitoring equipment has been stored and provides insight into scour processes. This data can be used by other research groups for design or research purposes.
Bridge Scour Monitoring Technologies
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Author : Matthew Lueker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Bridge Scour Monitoring Technologies written by Matthew Lueker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Bridges categories.
Bridge failure or loss of structural integrity can result from scour of riverbed sediment near bridge abutments or piers during high-flow events in rivers. In the past 20 years, several methods of monitoring bridge scour have been developed spanning a range of measurement approaches, complexities, costs, robustness, and measurement resolutions. This project brings together the expertise of Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) bridge engineers and researchers, university hydraulic and electrical engineers, field staff, and inspectors to take the first steps toward development of robust scour monitoring for Minnesota river bridges. The team worked with Mn/DOT engineers to identify variables of scour critical bridges that affect the application of scour monitoring technology. The research team will used this information to develop a Scour Monitoring Decision Framework (SMDF) that will aid Mn/DOT in selecting the best technologies for specific sites. The final component of the project will involve testing the SMDF on five bridges in a case-study type demonstration; work plans for two of the sites were developed for demonstration of deployed instrumentation.
Flood Scour For Bridges And Highways
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Author : Mohiuddin A. Khan
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2015-02-05
Flood Scour For Bridges And Highways written by Mohiuddin A. Khan and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Proven methods for preventing and mitigating bridge and highway flood scour Offering detailed guidelines on bridge scour countermeasures, this comprehensive resource provides a proactive strategy for the design and construction of bridges to prevent scour, as well as a reactive plan for post-flood disaster management. Topics discussed include erosion, causes of scour, AASHTO design codes, hydrology, hydraulics, scour analysis, inspection methods, and modern materials technology. Real-world case studies illustrate the concepts presented. The authoritative information in this practical guide will help you to develop more efficient and cost-effective design processes and bridge management systems for river bridges subjected to floods. Flood Scour for Bridges and Highways covers: Floods, scour problems, and mitigation River instability caused by flow obstructions Past failures and bridges vulnerable to failure Geotechnical and hydraulic issues at scour-critical rivers and bridges Hydrology, floods, and scour-critical bridges Estimating scour depths and selecting applicable countermeasures Inspections, ratings, and monitoring countermeasures FHWA, HEC-18, and HEC-23 scour countermeasures as remediation Innovative methods of flood control and disaster management
Bridge Scour Monitoring Methods At Three Sites In Wisconsin
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Author : J. F. Walker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Bridge Scour Monitoring Methods At Three Sites In Wisconsin written by J. F. Walker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Scour at bridges categories.
Of the nearly 11,500 bridges in Wisconsin, 89 have been assessed with critical scour conditions. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation, the Marathon County Highway Department, and the Jefferson County Highway Department, performed routine monitoring of streambed elevations for three bridges. Two monitoring approaches were employed: (1) manual monitoring using moderately simple equipment, and (2) automated monitoring, using moderately sophisticated electronic equipment. The results from all three sites demonstrate that both techniques can produce reasonable measurements of streambed elevation. The manual technique has a lower annual operating cost, and is useful for cases where documentation of long-term trends is desired. The automated technique has a higher annual operating cost and is useful for real-time monitoring of episodic events with short time durations.
Portable Scour Monitoring Equipment
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Author : James Douglas Schall
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2004
Portable Scour Monitoring Equipment written by James Douglas Schall and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Scour (Hydraulic engineering) categories.
Introduction and research approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, appraisal, and applications -- Conclusions and suggested research -- References -- Appendixes.
Bridge Scour And Stream Instability Countermeasures
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Author : U.s. Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-03-10
Bridge Scour And Stream Instability Countermeasures written by U.s. Department of Transportation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-10 with Transportation categories.
This publication identifies and provides design guidelines for bridge scour and stream instability countermeasures that have been implemented by various State departments of transportation (DOTs) in the United States. Countermeasure experience, selection, and design guidance are consolidated from other FHWA publications in this document to support a comprehensive analysis of scour and stream instability problems and provide a range of solutions to those problems. Selected innovative countermeasure concepts and guidance derived from practice outside the United States are introduced. Management strategies and guidance for developing a Plan of Action for scour critical bridges are outlined, and guidance is provided for scour monitoring using portable and fixed instrumentation. The results of recently completed National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) projects are incorporated in the design guidance, including: countermeasures to protect bridge piers and abutments from scour; riprap design criteria, specifications, and quality control; and environmentally sensitive channel and bank protection measures. This additional material required expanding HEC-23 to two volumes. Volume 1 now contains a complete chapter on riprap design, specifications, and quality control as well as an expanded chapter on biotechnical countermeasures. The guidance on scour monitoring instrumentation has been updated and now includes additional installation case studies. Volume 2 contains 19 detailed design guidelines grouped into six categories, including countermeasures for: (1) stream instability (2) streambank and roadway embankment protection, (3) bridge pier protection, (4) abutment protection, (5) filter design, and (6) special applications.
Bridge Scour And Stream Instability Countermeasures
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Author : U.s. Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-03-10
Bridge Scour And Stream Instability Countermeasures written by U.s. Department of Transportation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-10 with Transportation categories.
This publication identifies and provides design guidelines for bridge scour and stream instability countermeasures that have been implemented by various State departments of transportation (DOTs) in the United States. Countermeasure experience, selection, and design guidance are consolidated from other FHWA publications in this document to support a comprehensive analysis of scour and stream instability problems and provide a range of solutions to those problems. Selected innovative countermeasure concepts and guidance derived from practice outside the United States are introduced. Management strategies and guidance for developing a Plan of Action for scour critical bridges are outlined, and guidance is provided for scour monitoring using portable and fixed instrumentation. The results of recently completed National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) projects are incorporated in the design guidance, including: countermeasures to protect bridge piers and abutments from scour; riprap design criteria, specifications, and quality control; and environmentally sensitive channel and bank protection measures. This additional material required expanding HEC-23 to two volumes. Volume 1 now contains a complete chapter on riprap design, specifications, and quality control as well as an expanded chapter on biotechnical countermeasures. The guidance on scour monitoring instrumentation has been updated and now includes additional installation case studies. Volume 2 contains 19 detailed design guidelines grouped into six categories, including countermeasures for: (1) stream instability (2) streambank and roadway embankment protection, (3) bridge pier protection, (4) abutment protection, (5) filter design, and (6) special applications.