Monotone Games
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Monotone Games
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Author : Tarun Sabarwal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-26
Monotone Games written by Tarun Sabarwal and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-26 with Mathematics categories.
This Palgrave Pivot examines monotone games and studies incentives and outcomes when there are multiple players, and how the decision of each player affects the well-being of others in particular ways. Games with strategic complements exhibit codirectional incentives, or incentives for each player to move in the same direction as other players. Games with strategic substitutes exhibit contradirectional incentives, or incentives for each player to move in the direction opposite to other players. Monotone games include both types of players: some players have incentives to move in the same direction as other players and some players have incentives to move in the direction opposite to other players. This book develops the theory of monotone games in a new and unified manner and presents many applications. Incentives and outcomes studied in monotone games occur in a variety of disciplines, including biology, business, computer science, economics, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, political science, and psychology, among others. The book identifies unifying threads across different cases, showing how newer results are similar to or different from previous results, and how readers may better understand them under the umbrella of monotone games.
Positional Games
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Author : Dan Hefetz
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-06-13
Positional Games written by Dan Hefetz and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-13 with Mathematics categories.
This text is based on a lecture course given by the authors in the framework of Oberwolfach Seminars at the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach in May, 2013. It is intended to serve as a thorough introduction to the rapidly developing field of positional games. This area constitutes an important branch of combinatorics, whose aim it is to systematically develop an extensive mathematical basis for a variety of two player perfect information games. These ranges from such popular games as Tic-Tac-Toe and Hex to purely abstract games played on graphs and hypergraphs. The subject of positional games is strongly related to several other branches of combinatorics such as Ramsey theory, extremal graph and set theory, and the probabilistic method. These notes cover a variety of topics in positional games, including both classical results and recent important developments. They are presented in an accessible way and are accompanied by exercises of varying difficulty, helping the reader to better understand the theory. The text will benefit both researchers and graduate students in combinatorics and adjacent fields.
Simple Games
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Author : Alan D. Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-01-12
Simple Games written by Alan D. Taylor and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-12 with Mathematics categories.
Simple games are mathematical structures inspired by voting systems in which a single alternative, such as a bill, is pitted against the status quo. The first in-depth mathematical study of the subject as a coherent subfield of finite combinatorics--one with its own organized body of techniques and results--this book blends new theorems with some of the striking results from threshold logic, making all of it accessible to game theorists. Introductory material receives a fresh treatment, with an emphasis on Boolean subgames and the Rudin-Keisler order as unifying concepts. Advanced material focuses on the surprisingly wide variety of properties related to the weightedness of a game. A desirability relation orders the individuals or coalitions of a game according to their influence in the corresponding voting system. As Taylor and Zwicker show, acyclicity of such a relation approximates weightedness--the more sensitive the relation, the closer the approximation. A trade is an exchange of players among coalitions, and robustness under such trades is equivalent to weightedness of the game. Robustness under trades that fit some restrictive exchange pattern typically characterizes a wider class of simple games--for example, games for which some particular desirability order is acyclic. Finally, one can often describe these wider classes of simple games by weakening the total additivity of a weighting to obtain what is called a pseudoweighting. In providing such uniform explanations for many of the structural properties of simple games, this book showcases numerous new techniques and results.
Set Functions Games And Capacities In Decision Making
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Author : Michel Grabisch
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-06-15
Set Functions Games And Capacities In Decision Making written by Michel Grabisch and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-15 with Mathematics categories.
The book provides a thorough treatment of set functions, games and capacities as well as integrals with respect to capacities and games, in a mathematical rigorous presentation and in view of application to decision making. After a short chapter introducing some required basic knowledge (linear programming, polyhedra, ordered sets) and notation, the first part of the book consists of three long chapters developing the mathematical aspects. This part is not related to a particular application field and, by its neutral mathematical style, is useful to the widest audience. It gathers many results and notions which are scattered in the literature of various domains (game theory, decision, combinatorial optimization and operations research). The second part consists of three chapters, applying the previous notions in decision making and modelling: decision under uncertainty, decision with multiple criteria, possibility theory and Dempster-Shafer theory.
Multiagent Systems Second Edition
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Author : Gerhard Weiss
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-10-28
Multiagent Systems Second Edition written by Gerhard Weiss and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-28 with Computers categories.
The new edition of an introduction to multiagent systems that captures the state of the art in both theory and practice, suitable as textbook or reference. Multiagent systems are made up of multiple interacting intelligent agents—computational entities to some degree autonomous and able to cooperate, compete, communicate, act flexibly, and exercise control over their behavior within the frame of their objectives. They are the enabling technology for a wide range of advanced applications relying on distributed and parallel processing of data, information, and knowledge relevant in domains ranging from industrial manufacturing to e-commerce to health care. This book offers a state-of-the-art introduction to multiagent systems, covering the field in both breadth and depth, and treating both theory and practice. It is suitable for classroom use or independent study. This second edition has been completely revised, capturing the tremendous developments in multiagent systems since the first edition appeared in 1999. Sixteen of the book's seventeen chapters were written for this edition; all chapters are by leaders in the field, with each author contributing to the broad base of knowledge and experience on which the book rests. The book covers basic concepts of computational agency from the perspective of both individual agents and agent organizations; communication among agents; coordination among agents; distributed cognition; development and engineering of multiagent systems; and background knowledge in logics and game theory. Each chapter includes references, many illustrations and examples, and exercises of varying degrees of difficulty. The chapters and the overall book are designed to be self-contained and understandable without additional material. Supplemental resources are available on the book's Web site. Contributors Rafael Bordini, Felix Brandt, Amit Chopra, Vincent Conitzer, Virginia Dignum, Jürgen Dix, Ed Durfee, Edith Elkind, Ulle Endriss, Alessandro Farinelli, Shaheen Fatima, Michael Fisher, Nicholas R. Jennings, Kevin Leyton-Brown, Evangelos Markakis, Lin Padgham, Julian Padget, Iyad Rahwan, Talal Rahwan, Alex Rogers, Jordi Sabater-Mir, Yoav Shoham, Munindar P. Singh, Kagan Tumer, Karl Tuyls, Wiebe van der Hoek, Laurent Vercouter, Meritxell Vinyals, Michael Winikoff, Michael Wooldridge, Shlomo Zilberstein
Cooperative Lot Sizing Games In Supply Chains
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Author : Julia Drechsel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-08-18
Cooperative Lot Sizing Games In Supply Chains written by Julia Drechsel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-18 with Business & Economics categories.
The presented work combines two areas of research: cooperative game theory and lot size optimization. One of the most essential problems in cooperations is to allocate cooperative profits or costs among the partners. The core is a well known method from cooperative game theory that describes efficient and stable profit/cost allocations. A general algorithm based on the idea of constraint generation to compute core elements for cooperative optimization problems is provided. Beside its application for the classical core, an extensive discussion of core variants is presented and how they can be handled with the proposed algorithm. The second part of the thesis contains several cooperative lot sizing problems of different complexity that are analyzed regarding theoretical properties like monotonicity or concavity and solved with the proposed row generation algorithm to compute core elements; i.e. determining stable and fair cost allocations.
Game Theory
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Author : Richard Alan Gillman
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-04-24
Game Theory written by Richard Alan Gillman and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-24 with Mathematics categories.
Game Theory: A Modeling Approach quickly moves readers through the fundamental ideas of the subject to enable them to engage in creative modeling projects based on game theoretic concepts. The authors match conclusions to real-world scenarios and applications. The text engages students in active learning, group work, in-class discussions and interactive simulations. Each chapter provides foundation pieces or adds more features to help readers build game theoretic models. The chapters include definitions, concepts and illustrative examples. The text will engage and challenge both undergraduate and graduate students. Features: Enables readers to apply game theorty to real-world scenarios Chapters can be used for core course materials or independent stuides Exercises, included at the end of the chapters, follow the order of the sections in the text Select answers and solutions are found at the end of the book Solutions manual for instructors is available from the authors
Computational Aspects Of Cooperative Game Theory
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Author : Georgios Chalkiadakis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Computational Aspects Of Cooperative Game Theory written by Georgios Chalkiadakis and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
Cooperative game theory is a branch of (micro-)economics that studies the behavior of self-interested agents in strategic settings where binding agreements among agents are possible. Our aim in this book is to present a survey of work on the computational aspects of cooperative game theory. We begin by formally defining transferable utility games in characteristic function form, and introducing key solution concepts such as the core and the Shapley value. We then discuss two major issues that arise when considering such games from a computational perspective: identifying compact representations for games, and the closely related problem of efficiently computing solution concepts for games. We survey several formalisms for cooperative games that have been proposed in the literature, including, for example, cooperative games defined on networks, as well as general compact representation schemes such as MC-nets and skill games. As a detailed case study, we consider weighted voting games: a widely-used and practically important class of cooperative games that inherently have a natural compact representation. We investigate the complexity of solution concepts for such games, and generalizations of them. We briefly discuss games with non-transferable utility and partition function games. We then overview algorithms for identifying welfare-maximizing coalition structures and methods used by rational agents to form coalitions (even under uncertainty), including bargaining algorithms. We conclude by considering some developing topics, applications, and future research directions.
Mathematics Applied To Engineering Modelling And Social Issues
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Author : Frank T. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-14
Mathematics Applied To Engineering Modelling And Social Issues written by Frank T. Smith and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents several aspects of research on mathematics that have significant applications in engineering, modelling and social matters, discussing a number of current and future social issues and problems in which mathematical tools can be beneficial. Each chapter enhances our understanding of the research problems in a particular an area of study and highlights the latest advances made in that area. The self-contained contributions make the results and problems discussed accessible to readers, and provides references to enable those interested to follow subsequent studies in still developing fields. Presenting real-world applications, the book is a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and educators. It appeals to general readers curious about the practical applications of mathematics in diverse scientific areas and social problems.
Computational Complexity Theory
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Author : Steven Rudich
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2004
Computational Complexity Theory written by Steven Rudich and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Computers categories.
Computational Complexity Theory is the study of how much of a given resource is required to perform the computations that interest us the most. Four decades of fruitful research have produced a rich and subtle theory of the relationship between different resource measures and problems. At the core of the theory are some of the most alluring open problems in mathematics. This book presents three weeks of lectures from the IAS/Park City Mathematics Institute Summer School on computational complexity. The first week gives a general introduction to the field, including descriptions of the basic mo.