Morpho Physiological And Genetic Characterizations Of Rice Genotypes For Abiotic Stresses
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Morpho Physiological And Genetic Characterizations Of Rice Genotypes For Abiotic Stresses
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Morpho Physiological And Genetic Characterizations Of Rice Genotypes For Abiotic Stresses written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Holistic and growth stage-specific screening is needed for identifying tolerant genotypes and for formulating strategies to mitigate the negative effects of abiotic stresses on crops. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetic variability of 100 rice lines for early-season vigor, growth and physiological plasticity, and drought and temperature tolerance. Five studies were conducted to accomplish these objectives. In study 1 and 2, 100 rice genotypes consisting of several cultivars and experimental breeding lines were characterized for early-season vigor using several shoot and root morphological, physiological, and yield related traits. In study 3, low- and high-temperature tolerance assessed on select rice cultivars/hybrids during early-season. In study 4, genotypic variability in response to drought stress tolerance using morpo-physiological traits including roots was assessed under pot-culture conditions in a mini-greenhouse conditions. In study 5, the 100 rice genotypes were used to identify and validate SNP markers, and genome-wide association study (GWAS) to generate genotypic and phenotypic data with the objective of identifying new genetic loci controlling drought stress traits. Significant variability was recorded among rice genotypes and treatments for many traits measured. Early-season cumulative vigor response indices (CVRI) developed by summing individual responses indices for each trait varied among the rice genotypes, 21.36 (RU1404196) to 36.17 (N-22). Based on means and standard deviation of the CVRI, rice genotypes were classified as low- (43) and moderately low- (33), high- (16), and very high-vigor (5) groups. Total low-temperature response index values ranged from 18.48 to 23.15 whereas total high-temperature responses index values ranged from 42.01 to 48.82. Antonio, CLXL 745, and Mermentau were identified as sensitive to cold- and heat, and XL 753 was highly cold and heat tolerant genotypes tested. A cumulative drought stress
Morpho Physiological And Genetic Characterizations Of Rice Genotypes For Abiotic Stresses
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Author : Salah Hameed Jumaa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Morpho Physiological And Genetic Characterizations Of Rice Genotypes For Abiotic Stresses written by Salah Hameed Jumaa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Holistic and growth stage-specific screening is needed for identifying tolerant genotypes and for formulating strategies to mitigate the negative effects of abiotic stresses on crops. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetic variability of 100 rice lines for early-season vigor, growth and physiological plasticity, and drought and temperature tolerance. Five studies were conducted to accomplish these objectives. In study 1 and 2, 100 rice genotypes consisting of several cultivars and experimental breeding lines were characterized for early-season vigor using several shoot and root morphological, physiological, and yield related traits. In study 3, low- and high-temperature tolerance assessed on select rice cultivars/hybrids during early-season. In study 4, genotypic variability in response to drought stress tolerance using morpo-physiological [sic] traits including roots was assessed under pot-culture conditions in a mini-greenhouse conditions. In study 5, the 100 rice genotypes were used to identify and validate SNP markers, and genome-wide association study (GWAS) to generate genotypic and phenotypic data with the objective of identifying new genetic loci controlling drought stress traits. Significant variability was recorded among rice genotypes and treatments for many traits measured. Early-season cumulative vigor response indices (CVRI) developed by summing individual responses indices for each trait varied among the rice genotypes, 21.36 (RU1404196) to 36.17 (N-22). Based on means and standard deviation of the CVRI, rice genotypes were classified as low- (43) and moderately low- (33), high- (16), and very high-vigor (5) groups. Total low-temperature response index values ranged from 18.48 to 23.15 whereas total high-temperature responses index values ranged from 42.01 to 48.82. Antonio, CLXL 745, and Mermentau were identified as sensitive to cold- and heat, and XL 753 was highly cold and heat tolerant genotypes tested. A cumulative drought stress response index (CDSRI) values varied between 14.7 (CHENIERE) and 27.9 (RU1402174) among the genotypes tested. This preliminary analysis of GWA indicated that substantial phenotypic and genotypic diversity exists in the 100 rice genotypes, despite their narrow genetic pool. The stress tolerant and high vigor rice genotypes will be valuable for rice breeders for developing new genotypes best suited under growing environments prone to early-season drought and temperature.
Morpho Physiological Yield And Genetic Characterization Of Indica Rice Oryza Sativa L Genotypes For Salinity And Drought Tolerance
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Author : Naqeebullah Naqeebullah
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Morpho Physiological Yield And Genetic Characterization Of Indica Rice Oryza Sativa L Genotypes For Salinity And Drought Tolerance written by Naqeebullah Naqeebullah and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The occurrence of phenotypic and genotypic diversity is the key factor in crop improvement including abiotic stress tolerance. The focal objectives of this study were to evaluate and characterize 74 tropical indica rice breeding lines for phenotypic and genotypic diversity, screening for the most devastating abiotic stresses in rice; drought and salinity at the seedling stage at morpho-physiological and molecular levels. To fulfill these objectives, five studies were conducted in pots; first two experiments aimed at assessing phenotypic and yield variability at seedling and maturity stages respectively; based on several (more than 20) root and shoot traits which exploited a wide range of variability among genotypes for measured traits. Germplasm was then screened for drought stress at two moister regimes, 50%, and 100% moisture levels, under mini-hoop structures. Nine percent of the genotypes exhibited a high tolerance to drought stress, and genotypes IR86638 and IR49830 were identified as the most and least drought tolerant respectively. Germplasm was also screened for salinity tolerance in pure sand pot-culture (a simple, efficient and alternate screening method) at three levels; high salt stress (EC 12 dSm-1), moderate salt stress (EC 6 dSm-1), and control imposed one week after emergence. Thirteen genotypes (17.57%) were identified as highly salt tolerant; genotypes FED 473 and IR85427 were highly salt tolerant and salt sensitive, respectively. Root traits were found more crucial and best descriptors in identifying both salinity and drought tolerant genotypes. Genotypes were further used in Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) to uncover important SNPs, QTLs or genes related to salinity tolerance. A higher number of significant SNPs were discovered for root traits, indicting the importance of root traits in identifying abiotic stress tolerance in rice. The knowledge gained from this investigation could be useful in breeding for better crop establishment, yield improvement, screening for any abiotic stress tolerance.
Development And Characterization Of Rice Genotypes For Water Use Efficiency And Drought Resistance
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Author : Anuj Kumar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Development And Characterization Of Rice Genotypes For Water Use Efficiency And Drought Resistance written by Anuj Kumar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Rice categories.
Rice, the second largest staple food crop, uses 30% of global fresh water to complete its life cycle worldwide. Water deficits worldwide have become a serious problem affecting rice growth and ultimately grain yield. To solve the water problem globally, improvement of water use efficiency (WUE) and other drought resistance (DR) traits in rice genotypes would be a useful strategy using advanced genomics tools. In this study, our objectives were to 1) analyze phenotypes of the USDA rice mini-core collection (URMC) for WUE and DR related traits, 2) correlate drought response phenes for physiological traits and grain yield in the URMC, 3) utilize molecular genetic dissection of WUE and DR using genome-wide association (GWA) analysis in the URMC, and 4) conduct genome-wide meta-analysis of QTLs for DR traits and grain yield components under drought stress. In the results, 35 rice genotypes showing ≤25% reduction, 14 rice genotypes exhibiting 25-40% reduction, and 8 rice genotypes showing ≥40% reduction, were drought resistant, moderate drought resistant, and drought-sensitive for WUE, photosynthesis, biomass, and other DR traits under drought stress, respectively. The results suggest from the correlation analysis that strong correlation exists between major grain yield components (number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled and unfilled grains per panicle) and major morpho-physiological traits (plant biomass, photosynthesis, and WUEi). In the GWA analysis, 24, 16, 26, 10, 19, 23, 7, 17, 11, 14, 17, 15, 29, 12, 18, and 19 significant SNPs were highly associated with WUEi, TR, stomatal conductance, Ci & Ci/Ca , plant biomass, NOTs, RWC, LR, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv', Fm', Fv'/Fm', PhiPSII, ETR, and qN) and their identified candidate genes for WUEi and DR traits. In the meta-analysis, 13 genome-wide MQTLs were found useful containing higher number of QTLs, lower genetic distance with lower CI. Therefore, this information would be useful for the breeding community and geneticists to dissect the genetic architecture of WUE and DR traits for developing high yielding drought resistant rice genotypes.
Studies On Heterosis And Genetic Analysis Of Morpho Physiological And Biochemical Characters In Rice
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Author : N. Y. Kadoo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Studies On Heterosis And Genetic Analysis Of Morpho Physiological And Biochemical Characters In Rice written by N. Y. Kadoo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Genetic Studies On Morpho Physiological Characters Of High Yielding Short Duration Rice Varieties Oryza Sativa L
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Author : V. R. Pham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Genetic Studies On Morpho Physiological Characters Of High Yielding Short Duration Rice Varieties Oryza Sativa L written by V. R. Pham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Multiple Abiotic Stresses Molecular Physiological And Genetic Responses And Adaptations In Cereals
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Author : Sindhu Sareen
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-04-05
Multiple Abiotic Stresses Molecular Physiological And Genetic Responses And Adaptations In Cereals written by Sindhu Sareen and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-05 with Science categories.
A Morpho Physiological Analysis Of Diverse Drought Resistant And Sensitive Rice Genotypes To Identify Distinguishing Anatomical Root Phenes
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Author : Clinton Philip Greub
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
A Morpho Physiological Analysis Of Diverse Drought Resistant And Sensitive Rice Genotypes To Identify Distinguishing Anatomical Root Phenes written by Clinton Philip Greub and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Genotype-environment interaction categories.
A set of 37 genotypes selected from a survey of over 200 diverse germplasms, for their diverse drought tolerance mechanisms, were analyzed in this study for root physiological traits that are indicative of different drought resistance mechanisms. The genotypes include controls such as the drought sensitive IR64 and Nipponbare, along with the drought resistant Nagina 22 (N22) and Bengal landraces to identify distinguishing phenotypic features of resistant accessions. Anatomical traits studied include total areas of the cross-sections of the stele, cortex, aerenchyma, cortical-cell, and xylem tissue; the number of aerenchyma, xylem vessels, cortical cell file number and size that together describe a number of root phenes, or individual traits that can be analyzed genetically. To make paired comparisons in size using cross-section area the ratio of xylem to stele, stele to cortex, cortex to cross-section, stele to cross-section, cortical cell area to cortex, and aerenchyma to cortical cell area were calculated. Architectural traits were evaluated for root diameter, number of crown roots, lateral root densities, root length and root angles. To study the expression of genes with known function in root traits, the intrinsic gene expression levels of ten candidate genes under optimal growth conditions were estimated by qRT-PCR, which was then used in correlation studies with the data on phenotypic variation. These correlations between gene expression and root phenotype across diverse rice genotypes provide a novel insight to the role of these genes in determining root phenes and their potential function in drought resistance.
Genetic Studies On Morpho Physiological Characters Influencing Biomass Harvest Index And Yield In Rice Oryza Sativa L
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Author : A. K. Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Genetic Studies On Morpho Physiological Characters Influencing Biomass Harvest Index And Yield In Rice Oryza Sativa L written by A. K. Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Physiological And Molecular Responses To Abiotic Stress In Rice Oryza Sativa And Characterization Of An Up Regulated Gene Family
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Author : Mustafa Refat El Sayed Morsy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Physiological And Molecular Responses To Abiotic Stress In Rice Oryza Sativa And Characterization Of An Up Regulated Gene Family written by Mustafa Refat El Sayed Morsy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Rice categories.