Multiscale X Ray Analysis Of Biological Cells And Tissues By Scanning Diffraction And Coherent Imaging
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Multiscale X Ray Analysis Of Biological Cells And Tissues By Scanning Diffraction And Coherent Imaging
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Author : Jan-David Nicolas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Multiscale X Ray Analysis Of Biological Cells And Tissues By Scanning Diffraction And Coherent Imaging written by Jan-David Nicolas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The past 70 years of muscle research have profoundly shaped our current understanding of the structure and function of muscle. X-ray diffraction became a key method in its structural analysis and yielded valuable insights into the molecular arrangement of the contraction apparatus. This work employs an extension of the X-ray diffraction methodology, scanning X-ray diffraction, for structural imaging of biological cells and tissue. With this technique periodicites in a structure on the order of several nanometers can be detected and, by raster scanning of the X-ray beam over the sample, imag...
Multiscale X Ray Analysis Of Biological Cells And Tissues By Scanning Diffraction And Coherent Imaging
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Author : Jan-David Nicolas
language : en
Publisher: Göttingen University Press
Release Date : 2019
Multiscale X Ray Analysis Of Biological Cells And Tissues By Scanning Diffraction And Coherent Imaging written by Jan-David Nicolas and has been published by Göttingen University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Understanding the intricate details of muscle contraction has a long-standing tradition in biophysical research. X-ray diffraction has been one of the key techniques to resolve the nanometer-sized molecular machinery involved in force generation. Modern, powerful X-ray sources now provide billions of X-ray photons in time intervals as short as microseconds, enabling fast time-resolved experiments that shed further light on the complex relationship between muscle structure and function. Another approach harnesses this power by repeatedly performing such an experiment at different locations in a sample. With millions of repeated exposures in a single experiment, X-ray diffraction can seamlessly be turned into a raster imaging method, neatly combining real- and reciprocal space information. This thesis has focused on the advancement of this scanning scheme and its application to soft biological tissue, in particular muscle tissue. Special emphasis was placed on the extraction of meaningful, quantitative structural parameters such as the interfilament distance of the actomyosin lattice in cardiac muscle. The method was further adapted to image biological samples on a range of scales, from isolated cells to millimeter-sized tissue sections. Due to the ‘photon-hungry’ nature of the technique, its full potential is often exploited in combination with full-field imaging techniques. From the vast set of microscopic tools available, coherent full-field X-ray imaging has proven to be particularly useful. This multimodal approach allows to correlate two- and three-dimensional images of cells and tissue with diffraction maps of structure parameters. With the set of tools developed in this thesis, scanning X-ray diffraction can now be efficiently used for the structural analysis of soft biological tissues with overarching future applications in biophysical and biomedical research.
Multiscale X Ray Structural Analysis Of Cardiac Cells And Tissues
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Author : Marius Reichardt
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Release Date : 2022
Multiscale X Ray Structural Analysis Of Cardiac Cells And Tissues written by Marius Reichardt and has been published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
The cardiac function relies on an intricate molecular and cellular three-dimensional (3d) architecture of a complex, dense and co-dependent cellular network. Structural alterations of the cardiac structure can affect its essential function and lead to severe dysfunction of the organ. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide with a rising incidence. However, it is not possible to give a generalized answer how the heart is formed. Up to now, cardiac structure as well as physiologic and disease-related tissue alterations of the tissue are mainly investigated by established 2d imaging methods such as optical microscopy or electron microscopy. This work presents a multiscale and multimodal X-ray imaging approach, which allows to probe the heart structure from the scale of entire intact murine hearts to the molecular organisation of the sarcomer structure. While the molecular structure of the actomyosin complex is probed by scanning X-ray diffraction, the 3d arrangement of the cellular network is investigated by propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast tomography. In this context, the concept of 3d virtual histology of cardiac tissue by X-ray phase-contrast tomography using laboratory sources as well as highly coherent synchrotron radiation is being further developed.
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging
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Author : Tim Salditt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-09
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging written by Tim Salditt and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-09 with Science categories.
This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
Cancer Detection And Diagnosis
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Author : Miguel Ossandon
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2025-08-21
Cancer Detection And Diagnosis written by Miguel Ossandon and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-21 with Medical categories.
Emerging technologies for cancer detection and diagnosis are providing more and more advance warning of pathologies of clinical significance. Research devoted to cancers are revealing new ways of finding and treating these complex diseases. This volume reviews a broad array of new technologies for cancer detection and diagnosis. While there are several clinical books describing cancer diagnosis, and general molecular analytical technologies, these books are not focused on cancer detection and diagnosis. The aim of this book is to describe emerging cancer detection and diagnosis technologies. Key Features • Presents myriad new experimental cancer detection technologies • Describes technology so the reader may conduct similar analyses • Outlines clinical applications of technology for specific cancer and summarizes results • Discusses pitfalls and limitations, future trends and potential technological developments Miguel Ossandon has a dual background in clinical laboratory and computer science. He started working in cancer research at the Lombardi Cancer Center at Georgetown University where he also began his undergraduate training in computer science. He has been working for the National Cancer Institute since 2007. Miguel received his master’s degree at the George Washington University and PhD in computer science at the University of Maryland Baltimore County. As a program director in the Diagnostic Biomarkers and Technology Branch, he manages a grant portfolio related to computational modeling and machine learning approaches for cancer diagnosis, digital image processing/analysis, and microfluidic and circulating tumor cell technology. Ben Prickril is a former US government official working at the US National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. He has a background in medically related chemistry, microbiology, immunology, patenting and intellectual property, and global health. International research development includes experience in France, Turkey, Ukraine, Czech Republic and Burkina Faso. He received his PhD from the University of Georgia. Avraham Rasooly is in the Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute. He has been responsible for developing research programs on new approaches for cancer therapy, including technologies for microbial-based cancer therapy. He received his PhD from Michigan State University.
Coherent X Ray Optics
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Author : David Paganin
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-08-29
Coherent X Ray Optics written by David Paganin and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-29 with Science categories.
X-ray optics is undergoing a renaissance, which may be paralleled to that experienced by visible-light optics following the invention of the laser. The associated surge of activity in "coherent" x-ray optics has been documented in this monograph, the first of its type in the field.
Second Harmonic Generation Imaging
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Author : Francesco S. Pavone
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2016-04-19
Second Harmonic Generation Imaging written by Francesco S. Pavone and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Science categories.
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has shown great promise for imaging live cells and tissues, with applications in basic science, medical research, and tissue engineering. Second Harmonic Generation Imaging offers a complete guide to this optical modality, from basic principles, instrumentation, methods, and image analysis to biomedical a
Microcomputed Tomography
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Author : Stuart R. Stock
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2008-12-23
Microcomputed Tomography written by Stuart R. Stock and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Due to the availability of commercial laboratory systems and the emergence of user facilities at synchrotron radiation sources, studies of microcomputed tomography or microCT have increased exponentially. MicroComputed Technology provides a complete introduction to the technology, describing how to use it effectively and understand its results. The first part of the book focuses on methodology, covering experimental methods, data analysis, and visualization approaches. The second part addresses various microCT applications, including porous solids, microstructural evolution, soft tissue studies, multimode studies, and indirect analyses. The author presents a sufficient amount of fundamental material so that those new to the field can develop a relative understanding of how to design their own microCT studies. One of the first full-length references dedicated to microCT, this book provides an accessible introduction to field, supplemented with application examples and color images.
Modern Diagnostic X Ray Sources
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Author : Rolf Behling
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-04-19
Modern Diagnostic X Ray Sources written by Rolf Behling and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Now fully updated, the second edition of Modern Diagnostic X-Ray Sources: Technology, Manufacturing, Reliability gives an up-to-date summary of X-ray source technology and design for applications in modern diagnostic medical imaging. It lays a sound groundwork for education and advanced training in the physics of X-ray production, X-ray interactions with matter, and imaging modalities and assesses their prospects. The book begins with a comprehensive and easy-to-read historical overview of X-ray tube and generator development, including key achievements leading up to the current technological and economic state of the field. The book covers the physics of X-ray generation, including the process of constructing X-ray source devices. The stand-alone chapters can be read in order or in selections. They take you inside diagnostic X-ray tubes, illustrating their design, functions, metrics for validation, and interfaces. The detailed descriptions enable objective comparison and benchmarking. This detailed presentation of X-ray tube creation and functions enables you to understand how to optimize tube efficiency, particularly with consideration for economics and environmental care. It also simplifies faultfinding. Along with covering the past and current state of the field, the book assesses the future regarding developing new X-ray sources that can enhance performance and yield greater benefits to the scientific community and to the public. After heading international R&D, marketing and advanced development for X-ray sources with Philips, and working in the X-ray industry for more than four decades, Rolf Behling retired in 2020 and is now the owner of the consulting firm XtraininX, Germany. He holds numerous patents and is continuously publishing, consulting and training.
Biomedical Optical Imaging
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Author : James G. Fujimoto
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009-04-22
Biomedical Optical Imaging written by James G. Fujimoto and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-22 with Science categories.
Biomedical optical imaging is a rapidly emerging research area with widespread fundamental research and clinical applications. This book gives an overview of biomedical optical imaging with contributions from leading international research groups who have pioneered many of these techniques and applications. A unique research field spanning the microscopic to the macroscopic, biomedical optical imaging allows both structural and functional imaging. Techniques such as confocal and multiphoton microscopy provide cellular level resolution imaging in biological systems. The integration of this technology with exogenous chromophores can selectively enhance contrast for molecular targets as well as supply functional information on processes such as nerve transduction. Novel techniques integrate microscopy with state-of-the-art optics technology, and these include spectral imaging, two photon fluorescence correlation, nonlinear nanoscopy; optical coherence tomography techniques allow functional, dynamic, nanoscale, and cross-sectional visualization. Moving to the macroscopic scale, spectroscopic assessment and imaging methods such as fluorescence and light scattering can provide diagnostics of tissue pathology including neoplastic changes. Techniques using light diffusion and photon migration are a means to explore processes which occur deep inside biological tissues and organs. The integration of these techniques with exogenous probes enables molecular specific sensitivity.