Muscle Contraction
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Muscular Contraction
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Author : Robert Malcolm Simmons
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992-06-26
Muscular Contraction written by Robert Malcolm Simmons and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-06-26 with Medical categories.
Composed of a set of chapters contributed by past and present collaborators of the Nobel laureate Sir Andrew Huxley, this book covers the areas of muscle research to which Huxley made major contributions. The purpose of the book is to discuss the way that muscles work, asking questions at a fundamental level about the molecular basis of muscle tone production and muscle contraction. The majority of the chapters are concerned with muscle physiology and the relation between structure and function. The process of activation of muscles is discussed, along with the mechanism of contraction itself. Although most of the book deals with vertebrate skeletal muscle, several chapters cover cardiac muscle. Also featured are two chapters discussing Sir Andrew's achievements in both nerve and muscle physiology.
Mechanism Of Muscular Contraction
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Author : Jack A. Rall
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-21
Mechanism Of Muscular Contraction written by Jack A. Rall and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-21 with Medical categories.
This book describes the evolution of ideas relating to the mechanism of muscular contraction since the discovery of sliding filaments in 1954. An amazing variety of experimental techniques have been employed to investigate the mechanism of muscular contraction and relaxation. Some background of these various techniques is presented in order to gain a fuller appreciation of their strengths and weaknesses. Controversies in the muscle field are discussed along with some missed opportunities and false trails. The pathway to ATP and the high energy phosphate bond will be discussed, as well as the discovery of myosin, contraction coupling and the emergence of cell and molecular biology in the muscle field. Numerous figures from original papers are also included for readers to see the data that led to important conclusions. This book is published on behalf of the American Physiological Society by Springer. Access to APS books published with Springer is free to APS members.
Muscle Contraction
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Author : Clive R. Bagshaw
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Muscle Contraction written by Clive R. Bagshaw and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The student of biolo,gical science in his final years as an undergraduate and his first years as a graduate is expected to gain some familiarity with current research at the frontiers of his discipline. New research work is published in a perplexing diversity of publications and is inevitably concerned with the minutiae of the subject. The sheer number of research journals and papers also causes confusion and difficulties of assimilation. Review articles usually presuppose a background knowledge of the field and are inevitably rather restricted in scope. There is thus a need for short but authoritative introductions to those areas of modern biological research which are either not dealt with in standard introductory textbooks or are not dealt with in sufficient detail to enable the student to go on from them to read scholarly reviews with profit. This series of books is designed to satisfy this need. The authors have been asked to produce a brief outline of their subject assuming that their readers will have read and remembered much of a standard introductory textbook of biology. This outline then sets out to provide by building on this basis, the conceptual framework within which modern research work is progressing and aims to give the reader an indication of the problems, both conceptual and practical, which must be overcome if progress is to be maintained.
The Sliding Filament Theory Of Muscle Contraction
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Author : David Aitchison Smith
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-05
The Sliding Filament Theory Of Muscle Contraction written by David Aitchison Smith and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-05 with Medical categories.
Understanding the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction started with the discovery that striated muscle is composed of interdigitating filaments which slide against each other. Sliding filaments and the working-stroke mechanism provide the framework for individual myosin motors to act in parallel, generating tension and loaded shortening with an efficient use of chemical energy. Our knowledge of this exquisitely structured molecular machine has exploded in the last four decades, thanks to a bewildering array of techniques for studying intact muscle, muscle fibres, myofibrils and single myosin molecules. After reviewing the mechanical and biochemical background, this monograph shows how old and new experimental discoveries can be modelled, interpreted and incorporated into a coherent mathematical theory of contractility at the molecular level. The theory is applied to steady-state and transient phenomena in muscle fibres, wing-beat oscillations in insect flight muscle, motility assays and single-molecule experiments with optical trapping. Such a synthesis addresses major issues, most notably whether a single myosin motor is driven by a working stroke or a ratchet mechanism, how the working stroke is coupled to phosphate release, and whether one cycle of attachment is driven by the hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP. Ways in which the theory can be extended are explored in appendices. A separate theory is required for the cooperative regulation of muscle by calcium via tropomyosin and troponin on actin filaments. The book reviews the evolution of models for actin-based regulation, culminating in a model motivated by cryo-EM studies where tropomyosin protomers are linked to form a continuous flexible chain. It also explores muscle behaviour as a function of calcium level, including emergent phenomena such as spontaneous oscillatory contractions and direct myosin regulation by its regulatory light chains. Contraction models can be extended to all levels of calcium-activation by embedding them in a cooperative theory of thin-filament regulation, and a method for achieving this grand synthesis is proposed. Dr. David Aitchison Smith is a theoretical physicist with thirty years of research experience in modelling muscle contractility, in collaboration with experimental groups in different laboratories.
Molecular And Cellular Aspects Of Muscle Contraction
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Author : Haruo Sugi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Molecular And Cellular Aspects Of Muscle Contraction written by Haruo Sugi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This volume presents the proceedings of a muscle symposium, which was supported by the grant from the Fujihara Foundation of Science to be held as the Fourth Fujihara Seminar on October 28 -November 1, 2002, at Hakone, Japan. The Fujihara Seminar covers all fields of natural science, while only one proposal is granted every year. It is therefore a great honor for me to be able to organize this meeting. Before this symposium, I have organized muscle symposia five times, and published the proceedings: " Cross-bridge Mechanism in Muscle Contraction (University of Tokyo Press, 1978), "Contractile Mechanisms in Muscle" (plenum, 1984); "Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction" (plenum, 1988); "Mechanism of MyofIlament Sliding in Muscle contraction" (plenum, 1993); "Mechanisms of Work Production and Work Absorption in Muscle" (plenum, 1998). As with these proceedings, this volume contains records of discussions made not only after each presentation but also during the periods of General Discussion, in order that general readers may properly evaluate each presentation and the up-to-date situation of this research field. It was my great pleasure to have Dr. Hugh Huxley, a principal discoverer of the sliding fIlament mechanism in muscle contraction, in this meeting. On my request, Dr. Huxley kindly gave a special lecture on his monumental discovery of myofIlament-lattice structure by X-ray diffraction of living skeletal muscle. I hope general readers to learn how a breakthrough in a specific research field can be achieved.
The Structural Basis Of Muscular Contraction
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Author : John Squire
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Structural Basis Of Muscular Contraction written by John Squire and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Muscular contraction provides one of the most fascinating topics for a biophysicist to study. Although muscle comprises a molecular machine whereby chemical energy is converted to mechanical work, its action in producing force is something that is readily observable in everyday life, a feature that does not apply to most other structures of biophysical inter est. In addition, muscle is so beautifully organized at the microscopic level that those important structural probes, electron microscopy (with the associated image analysis methods) and X-ray diffraction, have pro vided a wealth of information about the arrangements of the constituent proteins in a variety of muscle types. But, despite all this, the answer to the question "How does muscle work?" is still uncertain, especially with regard to the molecular events by which force is actually generated, and the question remains one of the major unsolved problems in biology. With this problem in mind, this book has been written to collect together the available evidence on the structures of the muscle fila ments and on their arrangements in different muscle cells, to extract the common structural features of these cells, and thus to attempt to define a possible series of mechanical steps that will describe at molecular resolu tion the process by which force is generated. The book cannot be considered to be an introductory text; in fact, it presents a very detailed account of muscle structure as gleaned mainly from electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Molecular And Physiological Mechanisms Of Muscle Contraction
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Author : Jean Emile Morel
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-11-05
Molecular And Physiological Mechanisms Of Muscle Contraction written by Jean Emile Morel and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-05 with Medical categories.
Thoroughly researched using experimentation and re-examination of all previously published evidence, Molecular and Physiological Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction is a carefully crafted treatise and revision of previous conceptions of muscle contraction. It presents detailed descriptions of new, previously unpublished data and hybrids recent findings with the standard Huxley model. This book demonstrates that traditional concepts cannot fully explain contraction and builds upon previous work. It identifies flaws in the reasoning initially used to explain some results as well as alternative interpretations accounting for inconsistencies. In response to previous bodies of inconsistent or conflicting theories and data, the book synthesizes research based on the Huxley model with more recent experimental and laboratory findings to define a new model. The new model this book proposes is not a replacement for the standard Huxley model of muscle contraction, but a modification based on recent research and synthesized with pre-existing data and conceptions. It reconciles new data with prior information that is contradictory or not entirely explicable in proposing a new integrated and more complete model of muscle contraction.
Calcium In Muscle Contraction
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Author : Johann C. Rüegg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Calcium In Muscle Contraction written by Johann C. Rüegg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Recent years have witnessed an explosion of knowledge lea- ding to a molecular understanding of the mechanisms of ac- tion of calcium on excitation and contraction coupling and its role in the regulation of contractility. This book highlights the most recent progress as well as providing a historial perspective of the field. It presents a concise and comprehensive overview of our current knowledge regar- ding calcium channels and regulatory proteins as well as in- tracellular calcium handling and the mechanisms underlying the activation of contractile proteins. It also describes how these basic mechanisms have been adapted in various types of muscle, especially in cardiac and smooth muscle.
Mysteries In Muscle Contraction
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Author : Haruo Sugi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-22
Mysteries In Muscle Contraction written by Haruo Sugi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-22 with Medical categories.
This book explores the author’s wide-ranging work on muscle research, which spans more than 50 years. It delves into the dogmas of muscle contraction: how the models were constructed and what was overlooked during the process, including their resulting shortcomings. The text stimulates general readers’ and researchers’ interest, highlights the author’s pioneering work on the electron microscopic recording of myosin head power and recovery strokes, and presents a frank discussion on how the original work sometimes tends to be overlooked by competing scientists, who hinder the progress of science.
Mechanism Of Myofilament Sliding In Muscle Contraction
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Author : Haruo Sugi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Mechanism Of Myofilament Sliding In Muscle Contraction written by Haruo Sugi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This volume presents the entire proceedings of the symposium organized by one of us (H. S. ) on November 11 to 15, 1991 at Hakone, Japan, under the title of "Mechanism of Myofllament Sliding in Muscle Contraction. " Among various kinds of energy transduction mechanisms in biological systems, the mechanism of muscle contraction has been studied most intensively and extensively over many years. Since the monumental discovery by the two Huxleys and coworkers that muscle contraction results from relative sliding between the thick and thin myofilaments, attention of muscle investigators has been focused on the question, what makes the fllaments slide past one another. In response to the above question, A. F. Huxley and Simmons put forward a contraction model in 1971, in which globular heads of myosin (cross-bridges) extending from the thick fllament first attach to actin on the thin fllament, and then change their angle of attachment to actin (power stroke) leading to force generation or myofilament sliding until they detach from the thin fllament. The rocking cross-bridge contraction model seemed to be entirely consistent with the kinetic scheme of actomyosin ATPase published by Lymn and Taylor at the same time, thus giving a strong impression to the people concerned that the muscle contraction mechanism would soon be sorted out. In his review lecture in 1974, however, A. F.